maltodextrin and Weight-Loss

The objective of this study was to investigate the additive effects of combining energy restriction with dietary fibres on change in body weight and gut microbiota composition.. The study was a 12-week randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blinded, parallel intervention trial. A total of 116 overweight or obese participants were assigned randomly either to 10 g inulin plus 10 g resistant maltodextrin or to 20 g of placebo supplementation through 400 mL of milk a day, while on a - 500 kcal/day energy restricted diet.. Altogether, 86 participants completed the intervention. There were no significant differences in weight loss or body composition between the groups. The fibre supplement reduced systolic (5.35 ± 2.4 mmHg, p = 0.043) and diastolic (2.82 ± 1.3 mmHg, p = 0.047) blood pressure to a larger extent than placebo. Furthermore, a larger decrease in serum insulin was observed in the placebo group compared to the fibre group (- 26.0 ± 9.2 pmol/L, p = 0.006). The intake of fibre induced changes in the composition of gut microbiota resulting in higher abundances of Parabacteroides and Bifidobacteria, compared to placebo. The effects on blood pressure and glucose metabolism were mainly observed in women, and could be attributed to a higher gut microbiota diversity after intervention. Finally, the fibre group experienced a higher degree of gastrointestinal symptoms, which attenuated over time.. Supplementation of inulin and resistant maltodextrin did not provide an additional weight loss during an energy-restricted diet, but reduced both systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Furthermore, the fibre supplement did stimulate the growth of potentially beneficial bacteria genera.. The study was registered at http://www.clinicaltrials.gov , NCT03135041.

Topics: Blood Pressure; Caloric Restriction; Double-Blind Method; Energy Intake; Female; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Glucose; Humans; Inulin; Male; Middle Aged; Polysaccharides; Weight Loss

The gut microbiota is altered in obesity and is strongly influenced by nutrients and xenobiotics. We have tested the impact of native inulin as prebiotic present in vegetables and added as a supplement on gut microbiota-related outcomes in obese patients. Metformin treatment was analyzed as a potential modulator of the response.. A randomized, single-blinded, multicentric, placebo-controlled trial was conducted in 150 obese patients who received 16 g/d native inulin versus maltodextrin, coupled to dietary advice to consume inulin-rich versus -poor vegetables for 3 months, respectively, in addition to dietary caloric restriction. Anthropometry, diagnostic imaging (abdominal CT-scan, fibroscan), food-behavior questionnaires, serum biology and fecal microbiome (primary outcome; 16S rDNA sequencing) were analyzed before and after the intervention.. Both placebo and prebiotic interventions lowered energy intake, BMI, systolic blood pressure, and serum γ-GT. The prebiotic induced greater weight loss and additionally decreased diastolic blood pressure, AST and insulinemia. Metformin treatment compromised most of the gut microbiota changes and metabolic improvements linked to prebiotic intervention. The prebiotic modulated specific bacteria, associated with the improvement of anthropometry (i.e. a decrease in Desulfovibrio and Clostridium sensu stricto). A large increase in Bifidobacterium appears as a signature of inulin intake rather than a driver of prebiotic-linked biological outcomes.. Inulin-enriched diet is able to promote weight loss in obese patients, the treatment efficiency being related to gut microbiota characteristics. This treatment is more efficacious in patients who did not receive metformin as anti-diabetic drugs prior the intervention, supporting that both drug treatment and microbiota might be taken into account in personalized nutrition interventions. Registered under ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier no NCT03852069.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Anthropometry; Blood Pressure; Body Mass Index; Caloric Restriction; Energy Intake; Feces; Feeding Behavior; Female; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Humans; Inulin; Male; Metformin; Middle Aged; Obesity; Polysaccharides; Prebiotics; Single-Blind Method; Treatment Outcome; Vegetables; Weight Loss; Young Adult

To assess the efficacy of water-soluble dietary fiber, glucomannan supplementation, on the body mass index (BMI) in children with overweight or obesity.. In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, we enrolled 96 children aged 6-17 years with overweight or obesity based on the World Health Organization growth criteria (>+1 SD or >+2 SD, respectively). Participants were assigned to receive glucomannan or placebo (maltodextrin), both at a dose of 3 g/d for 12 weeks and were followed up for the next 12 weeks. Concomitant care included dietary and lifestyle advice. The primary outcome was the difference in the BMI-for-age z score change between the groups at 12 weeks.. Compared with the placebo, glucomannan had no effect on the BMI-for-age z score at 12 weeks (mean difference: 0.0, 95% CI -0.1 to 0.1). Compared with the placebo, the glucomannan group had lower total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations at 12 weeks. In addition, the blood pressure was greater at 12 weeks (systolic) and at 24 weeks (diastolic) in the glucomannan group. No differences between the groups in adverse events and other secondary outcomes were observed.. Glucomannan supplementation compared with placebo had no effect on weight reduction in children with overweight and obesity.. ClinicalTrials.govNCT02280772.

Topics: Adolescent; Body Mass Index; Body Weight; Child; Cholesterol, HDL; Diastole; Dietary Supplements; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Male; Mannans; Overweight; Pediatric Obesity; Polysaccharides; Solubility; Systole; Treatment Outcome; Weight Loss; Weight Reduction Programs

This study was aimed to assess the beneficial effects on metabolic syndrome of functional yogurt NY-YP901 (Namyang Dairy Product Co. Ltd and Nutra R&BT Inc., Seoul, Korea) supplemented with mixture of Streptococcus thermophilus, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium infantis and extra-ingredients containing Bifidobacterium breve (CBG-C2), Enterococcus faecalis FK-23, fibersol-2 and so on.. This study was designed as an 8-week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel study. Treatment and control groups consumed a functional yogurt NY-YP901 (150 ml) and a placebo yogurt twice a day, respectively, for 8 weeks. Body weight and body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, lipid profiles, fasting glucose with HbA1C and waist circumference were measured before and after treatment. Inclusion criteria were healthy individuals between the ages 20-65 years old who submitted an informed consent.. During the period August 2009 to December 2009, 101 healthy participants (31 males and 70 females) finished the study. Treatment group were 53 individuals, and the control group were 48 individuals. In the treatment group consuming NY-YP901, statistically significant beneficial changes were observed in body weight (treatment group vs control group=-0.24±1.50 vs +0.64±1.39 kg, P<0.05), BMI (-0.10±0.58 vs +0.24±0.50 kg/m(2), P<0.05 ) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol (-7.71±14.14 vs -0.43±15.32 mg/dl, P<0.05) after 8 weeks. The change in other parameters was not different between the treatment and the control groups.. The functional yogurt NY-YP901 reduced LDL-cholesterol, body weight and BMI in the subjects at a 300-ml consumption daily for 8 weeks. From these findings, regular intake of functional yogurt NY-YP901 may be consequently related to improve metabolic syndrome.

Topics: Adult; Bifidobacterium; Body Mass Index; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cholesterol, LDL; Double-Blind Method; Enterococcus faecalis; Female; Food, Formulated; Humans; Lactobacillus acidophilus; Male; Metabolic Syndrome; Middle Aged; Plant Extracts; Polysaccharides; Probiotics; Republic of Korea; Risk; Streptococcus thermophilus; Weight Loss; Yogurt

High-protein (HP) diets are often advocated for weight reduction and weight loss maintenance.. The aim was to compare the effect of low-fat, high-carbohydrate (HC) and low-fat, HP ad libitum diets on weight maintenance after weight loss induced by a very low-calorie diet, and on metabolic and cardiovascular risk factors in healthy obese subjects.. Forty-eight subjects completed the study that consisted of an energy restriction period of 5-6 weeks followed by a weight maintenance period of 12 weeks. During weight maintenance subjects received maltodextrin (HC group) or protein (HP group) (casein (HPC subgroup) or whey (HPW subgroup)) supplements (2 x 25 g per day), respectively and consumed a low-fat diet.. Subjects in the HP diet group showed significantly better weight maintenance after weight loss (2.3 kg difference, P=0.04) and fat mass reduction (2.2 kg difference, P=0.02) than subjects in the HC group. Triglyceride (0.6 mM difference, P=0.01) and glucagon (9.6 pg ml(-1) difference, P=0.02) concentrations increased more in the HC diet group, while glucose (0.3 mM difference, P=0.02) concentration increased more in the HP diet group. Changes in total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, insulin, HOMAir index, HbA1c, leptin and adiponectin concentrations did not differ between the diets. No differences were found between the casein- or whey-supplemented HP groups.. These results show that low-fat, high-casein or whey protein weight maintenance diets are more effective for weight control than low-fat, HC diets and do not adversely affect metabolic and cardiovascular risk factors in weight-reduced moderately obese subjects without metabolic or cardiovascular complications.

Topics: Adult; Biomarkers; Blood Glucose; Cardiovascular Diseases; Diabetic Angiopathies; Diet, Fat-Restricted; Diet, Reducing; Dietary Carbohydrates; Dietary Proteins; Female; Humans; Male; Metabolic Syndrome; Middle Aged; Obesity; Polysaccharides; Risk Factors; Triglycerides; Weight Loss

Cyclists often use heart rate limits or power output zones, obtained from lactate parameters during incremental exercise testing, to control training intensity. However, the relationship between heart rate or power output, and blood lactate can be changed by several factors including dehydration. Therefore, in the current study we investigated the impact of exercise-induced dehydration on lactate parameters during graded exercise. Nine triathletes completed two test sessions in random order, with a 1-week interval. Each session consisted of 2 graded cycling tests to exhaustion (pretest, posttest), interspersed by a 2-h endurance exercise bout. In one session the cyclists received adequate fluid replacement (EH, 1350 ml . h (-1)) whilst in the other session dehydration was not prevented (DH, 225 ml . h (-1)). Subjects received equal amounts of carbohydrates (150 g) during either condition. The 4-mmol lactate threshold (OBLA) and the d (max) lactate threshold (TH-Dm) were calculated from the power : lactate curves. Weight loss was 0.5 +/- 0.3 kg in EH versus 2.5 +/- 0.2 kg in DH (p < 0.05). Heart rate (HR) at TH-Dm remained unchanged in all test occasions. Conversely, HR at OBLA increased by approximately 10 beats . min (-1) from the pretest to the posttest (p < 0.05), in both EH and DH. Compared to the pretest, in the posttest power output at TH-Dm was reduced (minus approximately 12 %, p < 0.05) in DH, but not in EH. Gross mechanical efficiency at TH-Dm was 20.7 +/- 1 % in the pretest in EH and was not different from the pretest value in DH (21.4 +/- 0.7 %, n.s.). Gross efficiency decreased in the posttest in DH (18.4 +/- 0.6 %, p < 0.05), but not in EH (20.2 +/- 0.8 %, n.s.). It is concluded that heart rate rather than power output should be used to monitor training load in cyclists exercising in environmental conditions predisposing to dehydration. Furthermore, in the latter condition, adequate rehydration is essential to preserve optimal mechanical efficiency.

Topics: Adult; Dehydration; Dietary Carbohydrates; Electrolytes; Exercise; Exercise Test; Fluid Therapy; Heart Rate; Humans; Lactic Acid; Male; Oxygen Consumption; Physical Endurance; Polysaccharides; Pulmonary Gas Exchange; Sweating; Weight Loss