maltodextrin and Neoplasms

Saccharides used in clinical nutrients and the hyperglycemia status may facilitate tumor growth and aggravate cancer patients' outcome. As glucose, fructose and maltodextrin are widely used in clinical practice, various effects on tumor progress among them remain unknown. Six kinds of tumor cell lines were included in this study. We evaluated the discrepant effects of sugars on tumor growth by nude mice xenograft model, wound-healing assay and cell counting kit-8 test were for measuring the migration and proliferation capability in vitro, and oral gavage on C57BL/6 N mice was applied to assess the fluctuation of blood glucose level. Results showed that though tumor cells presented discrepant sensitivity to different saccharides, the combined usage of glucose, fructose with maltodextrin has milder effect on tumor progression and moderate effect on blood glucose fluctuation, which may indicate a brighter option on saccharides selection for tumor patients.

Topics: Animals; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Movement; Cell Proliferation; Female; Fructose; Glucose; Humans; Mice, Nude; Monosaccharides; Neoplasms; Polysaccharides; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays

Drug delivery systems have been extensively developed to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of drugs by altering their pharmacokinetics and biodistribution. However, the use of high quantities of drug delivery systems can cause toxicity due to their poor metabolism and elimination. In this study, we developed polysaccharide-based drug delivery systems which exert potent therapeutic effects and could display synergistic therapeutic effects with drug payloads, leading to dose reduction. Cinnamaldehyde, a major component of cinnamon is known to induce anticancer activity by generating ROS (reactive oxygen species). We developed cinnamaldehyde-conjugated maltodextrin (CMD) as a polymeric prodrug of cinnamaldehyde and a drug carrier. Cinnamaldehyde was conjugated to the hydroxyl groups of maltodextrin via acid-cleavable acetal linkages, allowing facile formulation of nanoparticles and drug encapsulation. CMD nanoparticles induced acid-triggered ROS generation to induce apoptotic cell death. Camptothecin (CPT) was used as a model drug to investigate the potential of CMD nanoparticles as a drug carrier and also evaluate the synergistic anticancer effects with CMD nanoparticles. CPT-loaded CMD nanoparticles exhibited significantly higher anticancer activity than empty CMD nanoparticles and CPT alone in the study of mouse xenograft models, demonstrating the synergistic therapeutic effects of CMD with CPT. Taken together, we believe that CMD nanoparticles hold tremendous potential as a polymeric prodrug of cinnamaldehyde and a drug carrier in anticancer therapy.

Topics: Acrolein; Animals; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; Camptothecin; Cell Line; Drug Carriers; Humans; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mice, Nude; Nanoparticles; Neoplasms; Oxidative Stress; Polysaccharides; Prodrugs; Reactive Oxygen Species

In this research, we have covalently functionalized graphene oxide (GO) with hydrophilic and biocompatible Pluronic F38 (F38), Tween 80 (T80) and maltodextrin (MD) for loading and delivery of a poorly water soluble antioxidant and anticancer drug, ellagic acid (EA). The functionalized GO showed a good aqueous solubility and biocompatibility. This is the first time that the EA was loaded onto GO-F38, GO-T80 and GO-MD through π-π interactions, yielding a loading capacity of 1 g, 1.22 g and 1.14 g of EA per gram of GO-F38, GO-T80, and GO-MD respectively. Their capabilities to kill human breast carcinoma cells (MCF7) and human colon adenocarcinoma cells (HT29) were then investigated. The release of EA from these nanocarriers was studied in water (neutral pH) and buffer solutions of pH 4 and 10 at 37 ° C. The GO-F38, GO-T80 and GO-MD released ˜ 36-38% drug within 3 days at pH 10. The cytotoxicity of EA loaded onto the functionalized GO was higher than that of free EA dissolved in DMSO. The DPPH assay was used to study the antioxidant activity, and the very similar antioxidant activities were obtained for three EA-loaded nanocarriers and the free EA, indicating that loading of EA onto the functionalized GO did not hamper its antioxidant activity. Therefore, all three functionalized GOs are suitable nanocarriers for drug delivery because of their non-toxicity and high drug loading capacity.

Topics: Antineoplastic Agents; Antioxidants; Cell Line, Tumor; Drug Carriers; Ellagic Acid; Graphite; Humans; Neoplasms; Oxides; Poloxamer; Polysaccharides; Polysorbates