maleic-acid and Dental-Leakage

This in-vitro study evaluated the microleakage of Class V restorations prepared using 10 per cent maleic acid and a composite resin. Thirty human premolar teeth were evenly distributed and randomly assigned to three groups. Conventional retentive preparations, etched with 10 per cent maleic acid for either 15, 30, or 60 seconds, were cut in the enamel on the facial surface of each tooth to a 1.5 mm depth (dentin). All teeth were restored with Z-100, a small particle composite resin. The teeth were then stored in deionized water for seven days, thermocycled, stained with methylene blue dye, invested, and sectioned vertically through the centre of the restoration. Leakage was established along each wall of the sectioned restoration. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) tests indicate that the restored teeth in Group 1 (15-second etch) had significantly greater microleakage (p < 0.05) on the enamel wall than the restored teeth in Group 2 (30-second etch) or Group 3 (60-second etch). In addition, Group 1 restorations had significantly greater overall microleakage (p < 0.05) than Group 2 or Group 3 restorations. Although the results were not statistically significant, it would appear that etching with 10 per cent maleic acid for 30 seconds could be clinically significant. Since a 30-second etch time was found to produce the least amount of microleakage (not statistically significant), it can be assumed that this etch time would also be optimal for etching enamel and dentin. Similarly, since Group 1 revealed the most overall microleakage, it can be assumed that a 15-second etch would be inadequate for etching enamel and dentin. Restorations in Groups 2 and 3 displayed statistically significant lower overall microleakage results.

Topics: Acid Etching, Dental; Analysis of Variance; Bicuspid; Coloring Agents; Composite Resins; Dental Bonding; Dental Enamel; Dental Leakage; Dental Restoration, Permanent; Dentin; Dentin-Bonding Agents; Humans; Maleates; Methylene Blue; Resin Cements; Silicon Dioxide; Thermodynamics; Time Factors; Tooth Cervix; Zirconium

Topics: Acid Etching, Dental; Composite Resins; Dental Enamel; Dental Leakage; Dental Restoration, Permanent; Humans; Maleates; Phosphoric Acids

This study aimed to compare the effects of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and maleic acid (MA) on the sealing ability of various root canal sealers. Eighty root canals were instrumented and irrigated with either EDTA or MA. They were divided into eight experimental groups and obturated as follows: Group 1: MA + Hybrid Root SEAL/gutta-percha. Group 2: EDTA + Hybrid Root SEAL/gutta-percha. Group 3: MA + iRoot SP/gutta-percha. Group 4: EDTA + iRoot SP/gutta-percha. Group 5: MA + EndoREZ/EndoREZ points. Group 6: EDTA + EndoREZ/EndoREZ points. Group 7: MA + AH Plus/gutta-percha. Group 8: EDTA + AH Plus/gutta-percha. Another ten roots were used as negative and positive controls. The microleakage of each sample was measured at 2-min intervals for 8 min using the fluid filtration method. Data were statistically analyzed with one-way ANOVA, post-hoc Tukey, and paired-samples t tests. The minimum microleakage values were obtained from the teeth obturated with AH Plus and EndoREZ selaers (p < 0.001). The samples with Hybrid Root SEAL showed the maximum leakage (p < 0.001). There were significant differences between the groups irrigated with MA or EDTA in terms of microleakage (p < 0.05). Use of MA resulted in higher microleakage values compared with those using EDTA. The type of final irrigation solution seems to influence the postobturation apical seal. Use of AH Plus and EndoREZ sealers showed better sealing ability compared with IRoot SP and Hybrid Root SEAL.

Topics: Analysis of Variance; Composite Resins; Dental Leakage; Dental Pulp Cavity; Dentin; Edetic Acid; Epoxy Resins; Gutta-Percha; Humans; Maleates; Materials Testing; Reference Values; Reproducibility of Results; Root Canal Filling Materials; Root Canal Irrigants; Root Canal Obturation; Time Factors

The aim of the study was to evaluate the postobturation apical seal following irrigation with 7% maleic acid (MA) or 17% EDTA using dye leakage under vacuum method.. Seventy single-rooted human anterior teeth were subjected to root canal instrumentation. Based on the final irrigating solution used, samples were divided into 3 groups: (1) 17% EDTA + 2.5% NaOCl, (2) 7% MA + 2.5% NaOCl, (3) 0.9% saline. Then samples were obturated and placed in 2% rhodamine B dye solution under vacuum pressure for 30 minutes and allowed to remain in the dye for 7 days. Samples were then longitudinally split and examined for dye leakage under stereomicroscope. Data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test.. MA showed the least apical leakage compared with EDTA and saline. Saline showed maximum leakage.. Final irrigation with 7% MA improved the postobturation apical seal compared with 17% EDTA.

Topics: Dental Bonding; Dental Leakage; Dental Marginal Adaptation; Dental Pulp Cavity; Drug Combinations; Edetic Acid; Humans; Maleates; Root Canal Filling Materials; Root Canal Irrigants; Root Canal Obturation; Sodium Hypochlorite; Tooth Apex

The purpose of this study was to compare microleakage, gap formation, thickness of the adhesive layer and its radiographic appearance associated with four adhesive restorative procedures for class I cavities.. Adhesive systems with easy handling characteristics were selected for the restoration of class I cavities in extracted third molars. Bitewing radiographs were taken of each tooth and four observers were asked to assess the presence of the adhesive layer. Microleakage, gap width and the thickness of the adhesive layer of each restoration were measured upon sectioning of the teeth.. Microleakage in the experimental restorations was minimal. The thickness of the adhesive layers and gap formation varied among different adhesive systems. The adhesive system with self-etching primer produced the highest percentage gap-free restorations. Thick adhesive layers could be detected on the radiograph. ROC analysis of the results validates the diagnosis from the radiograph.. The four restorative systems performed well in the prevention of microleakage. The use of a resin modified glass-ionomer cement base did not prevent gap formation compared with the all-etch bonding systems used in this study. The presence of an adhesive layer contributed to the prevention of gap formation, independently of the bonding system used. Thick adhesive layers could be detected on the radiograph.

Topics: Acid Etching, Dental; Adhesives; Composite Resins; Dental Cavity Preparation; Dental Leakage; Dental Marginal Adaptation; Dental Materials; Dental Restoration, Permanent; Dentin-Bonding Agents; Glass Ionomer Cements; Humans; Maleates; Methacrylates; Molar, Third; Phosphoric Acids; Radiography, Bitewing; Reproducibility of Results; Resin Cements; ROC Curve; Surface Properties

To assess the microleakage of Class V preparations restored with three bonding agents using wet and dry bonding.. Cavities were prepared in the buccal and lingual surfaces of extracted human premolar teeth and restored with resin composite after application of the dentin bonding agents, using a wet or dry bonding technique. The teeth were stored for 2 weeks at 37 degrees C, thermocycled, and the restorations examined for leakage using buffered methylene blue as the marker. The teeth were sectioned bucco-lingually through the restorations and the degree of microleakage assessed microscopically.. All groups showed leakage at both the dentin and enamel margins. There was no significant difference in leakage at the enamel margins between groups (p > 0.05) and no significant differences in leakage between the wet bonding (P > 0.05) or dry bonding (P > 0.05) procedures. However, when comparing the effects of wet and dry bonding, there was less leakage at the gingival margin in the groups where the bonding agent was acetone-based and wet bonding was used (P < 0.03). There was no significant difference in leakage for Scotchbond Multi-Purpose Plus when either maleic acid or phosphoric acid was used as the etchant (P > 0.05).

Topics: Acid Etching, Dental; Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate; Composite Resins; Dental Bonding; Dental Leakage; Dental Restoration, Permanent; Dentin-Bonding Agents; Humans; Maleates; Materials Testing; Methacrylates; Phosphoric Acids; Polymethacrylic Acids; Resin Cements; Silicon Dioxide; Statistics, Nonparametric; Water; Zirconium

Microleakage of Class V composite resin restorations with margins all in enamel were compared in this in-vitro study using Scotchbond MultiPurpose Adhesive (SMP) (3M Corp.), and Scotchbond II (SB II) (3M Corp). Twenty extracted human molars were randomly separated into two groups: Group One, which used the SMP system and Group Two, which used the SB II system. Circular Class V preparations were cut 1.8 mm deep and 3 mm in diameter using a #556 fissure bur. Cavosurface margins, all in enamel, were beveled. The enamel and dentin were treated following manufacturer's directions for each group, and a microfilled composite resin, Silux Plus (3M Corp), was applied in two hand-placed increments. All teeth were finished with Sof-Lex discs, stored in water for seven days, then thermocycled in a water bath for 100 cycles, alternating from 4 degrees C to 58 degrees C. The teeth were placed in a 5 percent solution of methylene blue, rinsed and then invested in resin. All teeth were sectioned vertically and horizontally and a ratio (percentage) of wall length to amount of leakage along each wall was established. The overall mean leakage of Group One was 15.27 percent and Group Two was 13.84 percent. Looking at individual walls, the mean occlusal wall leakage of Group One was 28.41 percent and Group Two was 12.45 percent. Mean gingival wall leakage of Group One was 15.96 percent and Group Two was 21.80 percent. Comparing the two groups, using a student's t test, there was no significant difference between the overall mean leakage or between the gingival wall leakage (p > 0.05); however, there was a significant difference between the occlusal wall leakage (p < 0.05), with SMP exhibiting more leakage.

Topics: Acid Etching, Dental; Composite Resins; Dental Leakage; Dental Polishing; Dental Restoration, Permanent; Dye Dilution Technique; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Maleates; Molar; Random Allocation

The shear bond strengths of a dental bonding system used in conjunction with a composite resin bonded to dentin were determined 1 minute after irradiation and after storage in saline at 37 degrees C for 24 hours, 1 week without and with temperature cycling, and 4 weeks without and with temperature cycling. The quantitative microleakage of class V preparations in cementum (dentin) restored with the system was determined by a spectrophotometric dye-recovery method. Excellent shear bond strengths ranging from 13.9 MPa (1 minute) to 19.5 MPa (1 week) were obtained. The shear bond strengths and quantitative microleakage of the multipurpose dental adhesive system compared favorably with the data obtained from other dental bonding systems under similar experimental conditions.

Topics: Analysis of Variance; Dental Bonding; Dental Leakage; Dental Stress Analysis; Dentin; Dentin-Bonding Agents; Humans; Least-Squares Analysis; Maleates; Materials Testing; Methacrylates; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Resin Cements; Smear Layer; Tensile Strength; Wettability

Prevention of microleakage and post-operative sensitivity depends upon maintenance of the integrity of the bond between the resin composite and the tooth. Removal of the dentinal smear layer allows for better bond strengths for the newer dentinal bonding agents. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the shear bond strengths of a light-cured composite to dentin treated with one proprietary and one experimental cleansing agent. Bond strengths for the teeth cleansed with the experimental cleansing agent were significantly (p less than 0.05) greater than bond strengths of teeth cleansed with EDTA.

Topics: Acrylic Resins; Composite Resins; Dental Bonding; Dental Leakage; Dental Stress Analysis; Dentin; Edetic Acid; Maleates

Standardized cylindrical Class V preparations, 3 mm in diameter and 1.5 mm deep, were made on the roots of 60 extracted human maxillary permanent canines. The teeth were restored with Scotchbond 2/Silux (S); Gluma/Lumifor (G); and Tenure/Perfection (T), respectively. The root apices were sealed with Copalite/amalgam and two coats of nail varnish applied to the teeth except for 1 mm around the restorations. For the qualitative microleakage evaluation the teeth were thermocycled x500 in 0.5% basic fuchsin between 8 degrees C and 50 degrees C and for the quantitative microleakage evaluation in 2% methylene blue solution. The marginal gap dimensions were measured on cylindrical restorations placed on the facial surfaces of ground root surfaces of 30 teeth. Epoxy replicas were made of the restorations, coated with gold/palladium and examined with the SEM. The maximum marginal gap dimensions were measured. The data were analyzed by ANOVA, Duncan's and their nonparametric analogues. In the qualitative microleakage evaluation the total microleakage was: S: 16; G: 50; T: 18. The quantitative microleakage (micrograms) was: S: 3.1 +/- 2.9; G: 16.1 +/- 5.3; T: 4.4 +/- 4.1. The maximum marginal gap dimensions (microns) were: S: 4.1 +/- 3.6; G: 9.3 +/- 3.4; T: 16.4 +/- 7.0.

Topics: Analysis of Variance; Composite Resins; Cuspid; Dental Bonding; Dental Cements; Dental Leakage; Dentin; Glutaral; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Maleates; Methacrylates; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Nitrates; Nitric Acid; Oxalates; Polymethacrylic Acids; Resin Cements; Surface Properties