lutetium-lu-177-dotatate and Myelodysplastic-Syndromes

Despite the fact that most gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEPNETs) are slow-growing, median overall survival (OS) in patients with liver metastases is 2 to 4 years. In metastatic disease, cytoreductive therapeutic options are limited. A relatively new therapy is peptide receptor radionuclide therapy with the radiolabeled somatostatin analog [(177)Lu-DOTA(0),Tyr(3)]octreotate. Here we report on the toxicity and efficacy of this treatment, performed in over 500 patients.. Patients were treated up to a cumulative dose of 750 to 800 mCi (27.8-29.6 GBq), usually in four treatment cycles, with treatment intervals of 6 to 10 weeks. Toxicity analysis was done in 504 patients, and efficacy analysis in 310 patients.. Any hematologic toxicity grade 3 or 4 occurred after 3.6% of administrations. Serious adverse events that were likely attributable to the treatment were myelodysplastic syndrome in three patients, and temporary, nonfatal, liver toxicity in two patients. Complete and partial tumor remissions occurred in 2% and 28% of 310 GEPNET patients, respectively. Minor tumor response (decrease in size > 25% and < 50%) occurred in 16%. Median time to progression was 40 months. Median OS from start of treatment was 46 months, median OS from diagnosis was 128 months. Compared with historical controls, there was a survival benefit of 40 to 72 months from diagnosis.. Treatment with [(177)Lu-DOTA(0),Tyr(3)]octreotate has few adverse effects. Tumor response rates and progression-free survival compare favorably to the limited number of alternative treatment modalities. Compared with historical controls, there is a benefit in OS from time of diagnosis of several years.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Carcinoid Tumor; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Disease-Free Survival; Female; Gastrointestinal Neoplasms; Hematologic Diseases; Humans; Logistic Models; Male; Middle Aged; Myelodysplastic Syndromes; Neuroendocrine Tumors; Octreotide; Organometallic Compounds; Pancreatic Neoplasms; Proportional Hazards Models; Radionuclide Imaging; Radiopharmaceuticals; Risk Assessment; Severity of Illness Index; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome

Topics: Acute Disease; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Bronchial Neoplasms; Female; Humans; Intestinal Neoplasms; Kaplan-Meier Estimate; Leukemia; Male; Middle Aged; Myelodysplastic Syndromes; Neuroendocrine Tumors; Octreotide; Organometallic Compounds; Outcome Assessment, Health Care; Pancreatic Neoplasms; Radiopharmaceuticals; Stomach Neoplasms; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome