losartan-potassium and Pyelonephritis

Topics: Acute Kidney Injury; Anemia; Anemia, Hemolytic; Blood Viscosity; Bone Marrow; Diphosphoglyceric Acids; Erythrocytes; Erythropoietin; Half-Life; Hematocrit; Hemoglobins; Hemolysis; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Oxygen Consumption; Pyelonephritis; Renal Dialysis; Transfusion Reaction

Topics: Animals; Catecholamines; Dogs; Electric Stimulation; Electrophysiology; Erythropoietin; Female; Humans; Hydronephrosis; Kidney; Kidney Pelvis; Nicotine; Opossums; Pregnancy; Pyelonephritis; Rats; Sheep; Stimulation, Chemical; Swine; Ureter; Ureteral Diseases; Ureteral Obstruction

Impaired immunological response in hemodialysis (HD) patients, which leads to inappropriate cytokine production, is partially caused by the hyperstimulation of both T lymphocytes and monocytes/macrophages. Recent data suggest that human recombinant erythropoietin (rhEPO) may have an immunological action. The goal of our study was to estimate the influence of rhEPO treatment on the production of the inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) and antiinflammatory cytokin interleukin-10 (IL-10) in 10 HD patients receiving rhEPO for 6 months. The levels of cytokines were measured in the in vitro cultures of whole blood. The level of IL-10 increased in all treated patients during the therapy, and it was accompanied by a transitory decrease of TNFalpha. The results of our studies suggest that rhEPO may reduce the inflammatory process by decreasing production of TNFalpha and increasing production of IL-10.

Topics: Adult; Blood Cells; Cells, Cultured; Erythropoietin; Female; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Interleukin-10; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Male; Middle Aged; Phytohemagglutinins; Polycystic Kidney Diseases; Pyelonephritis; Recombinant Proteins; Renal Dialysis; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

An 11-year-old mixed breed dog was presented with anorexia, apathy and intermittent macrohaematuria, absolute polycythaemia (packed cell volume, 80 per cent; red blood cell, 12.2 x 10(6)/microl) and elevated erythropoietin concentrations. A renal mass was detected by ultrasonography and, following total nephrectomy, diagnosed as necrotising pyelonephritis. After surgery, the haematological parameters and erythropoietin values returned to normal, suggesting that the pyelonephritis was the cause of the polycythaemia. While secondary polycythaemia because of a non-neoplastic condition of the kidneys occasionally occurs in human beings, it has only extremely rarely been reported in dogs. This is the first case report of a unilateral pyelonephritis causing secondary polycythaemia in a dog.

Topics: Animals; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Erythropoietin; Female; Kidney; Polycythemia; Pyelonephritis

The mean arterial pressure (MAP) usually serves as an expression of blood pressure in patients on chronic haemodialysis (PCHD), instead of using solely systolic or diastolic pressure. Pulse pressure (PP) has been recognized as an important correlate of mortality in PCHD. We conducted this study in order to demonstrate clinical and biochemical determinants and variability of predialysis and postdialysis MAP and PP values. A total of 136 single haemodialysis (HD) treatments in 23 subjects (PCHD, 11 male and 12 female patients) were processed during 15 months. MAP before HD was in negative correlation with haemoglobin (P<0.001) and body mass index (BMI) (P<0.001), and in positive correlation with weekly erythropoietin dosage (P=0.017). MAP after HD was in negative correlation with haemoglobin (P<0.001), ultrafiltration per HD (P=0.015), and BMI (P=0.001), and in positive correlation with weekly erythropoietin dosage (P=0.003). PP before HD was in negative correlation with parathyroid hormone (PTH) level (P=0.020), haemoglobin (P<0.001), ultrafiltration per HD (P=0.001), and years on the chronic HD treatment (P=0.001), and in positive correlation with weekly erythropoietin dosage (P<0.001) and age (P<0.001). PP after HD was in significant negative correlation with PTH (P=0.015), haemoglobin (P=0.005), ultrafiltration per HD (P<0.001), BMI (P=0.003), and in positive correlation with weekly erythropoietin dosage (P<0.001) and age (P=0.004). Multiple regression analyses unveiled the strongest and negative correlations between MAP before HD and BMI (beta=-0.37, P=0.01); MAP after HD and haemoglobin (beta=-0.36, P=0.01); PP after HD and ultrafiltration/body weight ratio (beta=-0.41, P<0.001). The strongest and positive correlation was found between PP before HD and erythropoietin dosage per week (beta=0.51, P&<0.001). In conclusion, our findings support the assumption that PP and MAP are associated with different clinical parameters. PP values have advantages as the method of blood pressure expression.

Topics: Alkaline Phosphatase; Biomarkers; Blood Pressure; Blood Proteins; Body Mass Index; Cholesterol, HDL; Chronic Disease; Diabetic Nephropathies; Erythropoietin; Female; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Male; Phosphorus; Pyelonephritis; Regression Analysis; Renal Dialysis; Sex Factors; Statistics as Topic; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome; Ultrafiltration

To determine whether antepartum pyelonephritis causes an acute or delayed alteration in erythropoietin production.. Serum erythropoietin concentrations were determined prospectively using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent technique in 36 pregnant women admitted to Parkland Hospital with pyelonephritis. Healthy nonanemic pregnant women served as controls.. Serum erythropoietin levels in women with antepartum pyelonephritis were not different from those measured in normal pregnant women. Specifically, there were no differences in erythropoietin levels in women who had anemia at admission (n = 6; 13.8 mU/mL), hemolysis (15.4 versus 12.9 mU/mL), or renal insufficiency (14.5 versus 12.9 mU/mL) secondary to renal infection as compared to controls.. We conclude that antepartum pyelonephritis does not alter erythropoietin production either acutely or within several days of infection. Because erythropoietin production was not decreased, we suggest that hemolysis is the major factor contributing to anemia associated with renal infection.

Topics: Adult; Anemia; Erythropoietin; Female; Ferritins; Gestational Age; Haptoglobins; Hemolysis; Humans; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Pyelonephritis

The severity of anemia in patients at different stages of the evolution of two tubulointerstitial nephropathies, Balkan endemic nephropathy and chronic pyelonephritis, was compared to clarify the previous observations that anemia appears earlier and is more severe in Balkan endemic nephropathy than in other renal diseases. The role of erythropoietin insufficiency as the cause of anemia in endemic nephropathy was studied as well. The severity of anemia increased with the impairment of renal function in endemic nephropathy and was similar to anemia in chronic pyelonephritis. However, in patients with endemic nephropathy at the initial stage of renal insufficiency significantly lower red cell concentrations were found compared with control subjects from the endemic region. In contrast, patients with pyelonephritis did not have decreased red cell concentrations at the early phase of their renal failure, suggesting that earlier appearance of anemia is characteristic for endemic nephropathy. To confirm this finding a study involving larger number of patients would be necessary. The serum erythropoietin levels, inappropriately low for the degree of anemia in patients with renal failure, were unrelated to the type of tubulointerstitial nephropathy.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Anemia; Balkan Nephropathy; Erythrocyte Count; Erythropoietin; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Pyelonephritis

We have investigated anemia in patients at different stages of the evolution of three chronic renal diseases: Balkan endemic nephropathy (BEN), chronic pyelonephritis (PN) and chronic glomerulonephritis (GN). A total of 88 patients with creatinine clearances from 9 to 118 ml/min and hemoglobin concentrations from 70 to 160 g/l were studied with regard to the relationship, if any, between erythropoietin production and the type and stage of nephropathy. Anemia in BEN was a particular focus of interest since it had been stated that in BEN, anemia precedes renal failure. Our data neither prove nor disprove this statement. A significant positive correlation between creatinine clearance and hemoglobin concentration was found in all three nephropathies, indicating that in the patients studied the severity of anemia increased with the impairment of renal function regardless of the underlying disease. Serum levels of immunoreactive erythropoietin were in the normal range in 54 patients, moderately increased in 20 and slightly decreased in 14. The erythropoietin level appears to be unrelated to the stage of renal failure or the type of nephropathy. The only exception was the subgroup where the patients with glomerulonephritis and normal renal function had increased serum erythropoietin levels and significantly higher parameters of red blood cell concentration than the patients from the same subgroup with tubulointerstitial nephropathies. In patients with severe renal failure and anemia, serum erythropoietin levels were inappropriately low for the degree of anemia, indicating that erythropoietin plays a role in the pathogenesis of the anemia.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Anemia; Balkan Nephropathy; Creatinine; Erythropoietin; Female; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Kidney Function Tests; Male; Middle Aged; Nephritis, Interstitial; Pyelonephritis

Topics: Blood Proteins; Child; Erythropoiesis; Erythropoietin; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Pyelonephritis

Topics: Chronic Disease; Erythropoietin; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Leukocyte Count; Pyelonephritis; Renal Dialysis; Reticulocytes

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Angiotensin II; Antigen-Antibody Reactions; Antigens; Erythropoietin; Female; Glomerulonephritis; Hematocrit; Humans; Iron Radioisotopes; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Male; Methods; Middle Aged; Nephrectomy; Pyelonephritis; Radioimmunoassay; Renal Dialysis; Renin

Topics: Adult; Chronic Disease; Erythrocyte Count; Erythropoiesis; Erythropoietin; Female; Glomerulonephritis; Hemoglobins; Humans; Infusions, Parenteral; Kidney Diseases, Cystic; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Male; Middle Aged; Plasmapheresis; Pyelonephritis; Reticulocytes

Topics: Anemia; Animals; Bone Marrow Examination; Erythrocyte Count; Erythropoiesis; Erythropoietin; Escherichia coli Infections; Hematocrit; Hemoglobinometry; Pyelonephritis; Rats; Reticulocytes; Stimulation, Chemical

Topics: Androgens; Blood Urea Nitrogen; Erythropoietin; Female; Hematocrit; Hemoglobinometry; Humans; Iron Isotopes; Kidney Diseases; Lymph; Male; Nephrectomy; Pyelonephritis; Renal Dialysis; Testosterone; Thoracic Duct; Uremia

Topics: Anemia, Aplastic; Animals; Ascites; Blood Transfusion; Chronic Disease; Erythropoietin; Female; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Hydronephrosis; Immune Sera; Iron Isotopes; Kidney Diseases; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Male; Mice; Phenacetin; Pyelonephritis; Renal Dialysis; Uremia

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Anemia; Erythropoiesis; Erythropoietin; Female; Humans; Iron; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Male; Middle Aged; Pyelonephritis

Topics: Acute Disease; Adult; Anuria; Blood Cell Count; Blood Transfusion; Bone Marrow Examination; Erythropoiesis; Erythropoietin; Female; Hematocrit; Hemoglobinometry; Humans; Hypertension, Malignant; Male; Nephrectomy; Pyelonephritis; Renal Dialysis; Reticulocytes; Urea; Uremia

In 123 patients with arterial hypertension the haemoglobin values were determined before and during long-term antihypertensive drug treatment. The haemoglobin values found before treatment did not differ from those found in the normal population. In both sexes the haemoglobin values showed a significant increase after prolonged treatment. In males the average values rose from 15.1 to 16.7 g./100 ml., and in females from 13.96 to 14.82 g./100 ml. The increase in the haemoglobin concentration does not seem to be clearly correlated to the duration of treatment or to the decrease produced in mean blood pressure. On the other hand, the increase in haemoglobin depended to some extent on the nature of treatment. Diuretics alone resulted in a moderate increase only, whereas diuretics in combination with other antihypertensive drugs produced a more pronounced increase in haemoglobin values.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Antihypertensive Agents; Creatinine; Diuretics; Erythropoietin; Female; Glomerulonephritis; Hematocrit; Hemoglobinometry; Humans; Hydrochlorothiazide; Male; Methyldopa; Middle Aged; Polycythemia; Polythiazide; Pyelonephritis; Renal Artery Obstruction; Triamterene

Topics: Blood Transfusion; Bone Marrow; Erythropoiesis; Erythropoietin; Female; Humans; Mediastinal Neoplasms; Middle Aged; Neutrophils; Postoperative Complications; Prednisone; Pyelonephritis; Radiography; Thymectomy; Thymoma; Thymus Gland

Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Animals; Biological Assay; Blood; Erythropoietin; In Vitro Techniques; Kidney; Kidney Neoplasms; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Mercury; Neoplasms, Experimental; Nitrosamines; Organ Size; Pyelonephritis; Radioisotopes; Rats; Urine

Topics: Blood Platelets; Blood Urea Nitrogen; Bone Marrow Examination; Epoetin Alfa; Erythropoiesis; Erythropoietin; Glomerulonephritis; Hematocrit; Hemoglobinometry; Humans; Hypoxia; Iron; Iron Isotopes; Kidney; Kidneys, Artificial; Leukocyte Count; Male; Nephrectomy; Physiology; Pyelonephritis; Radioisotopes; Radionuclide Imaging; Reticulocytes; Uremia