losartan-potassium and Motor-Neuron-Disease

Carbamylated erythropoietin (CEPO) is a modified erythropoietin molecule not affecting hematocrit. It is a potentially important pharmacological agent that may be applied to the treatment of several diseases affecting central and peripheral system neurons.. Carbamylated erythropoietin is a prime candidate for development because of its potent cell survival and function enhancing effects. This article reviews the preclinical development profile of CEPO in animal models to determine whether further clinical development is justified.. The review spans a detailed analysis of patents and scientific publications related to CEPO in animal models.. Use of CEPO in treating diseases such as stroke and traumatic brain and spinal cord injuries is important because these conditions affect millions of patients every year. Extensive preclinical studies support further clinical studies of CEPO for acute ischemic stroke. However, further studies are required for testing CEPO in patients with many other indications.

Topics: Animals; Brain Injuries; Clinical Trials as Topic; Diabetic Neuropathies; Disease Models, Animal; Erythropoietin; Humans; Motor Neuron Disease; Nervous System Diseases; Spinal Cord Injuries; Stroke; Treatment Outcome

Several members of hematopoietic factors are known to have neuroprotective effects against axotomized motor neuron death. We carried out a study to determine whether interleukin-3 (IL-3) and erythropoietin (EPO) rescue spinal motor neuron death following axotomy. Unilateral sciatic nerve was transected in neonatal rats. Different doses of IL-3, EPO, or vehicle were administered daily for two weeks by intraperitoneal injection. After treatment, the number of spinal motor neurons was determined at the level of L4 segment In comparison with vehicle, both IL-3 (10 microg kg(-1)) and EPO (5.0 mg kg(-1)) significantly prevented the loss of motor neurons. Protective potentials is the same between them. These results suggest that IL-3 and EPO play a role for motor neuron survival in vivo and suggest the potential use of these hematopoietic factors in treating diseases that involve degeneration and death of motor neurons, such as motor neuropathy and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Anterior Horn Cells; Axotomy; Cell Count; Cell Death; Cell Survival; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Erythropoietin; Interleukin-3; Motor Neuron Disease; Neuroprotective Agents; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Retrograde Degeneration; Sciatic Nerve; Sciatic Neuropathy