losartan-potassium and Glaucoma--Neovascular

To explore the relationships between the aqueous and vitreous levels of vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A), interleukin-8 (IL-8), placental growth factor (PlGF) and erythropoietin (EPO) in proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) and neovascular glaucoma (NVG).. Aqueous and vitreous samples were obtained from patients with PDR and NVG during surgery. Aqueous and vitreous concentrations of VEGF-A, IL-8, PlGF and EPO were measured via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.. No correlation between the aqueous and vitreous levels of VEGF-A, IL-8, PlGF or EPO was found in both the PDR and the NVG eyes. Aqueous VEGF-A was significantly higher in the NVG group (317.55 ± 36.25 pg/ml, n = 15) than that in the PDR group (256.23 ± 46.11 pg/ml, n = 17, P < 0.001). The level of VEGF-A in aqueous (317.55 ± 36.25 pg/ml, n = 15) was significantly higher than that in vitreous (224.74 ± 60.32 pg/ml, n = 15, P < 0.001) in NVG patients. The level of IL-8 in aqueous (76.55 ± 10.88 pg/ml, n = 17) was significantly higher than that in vitreous (63.55 ± 10.74 pg/ml, n = 17, P = 0.001) in PDR patients. The level of EPO in aqueous (18.62 ± 2.87 mIU/ml, n = 15) was significantly higher than that in vitreous (15.97 ± 3.11 mIU/ml, n = 15, P = 0.022) in NVG patients. The ratio of aqueous versus vitreous for VEGF-A was significantly higher in the NVG group (1.475 ± 0.289, n = 15) than that in the PDR group (0.996 ± 0.227, n = 17, P < 0.001).. Aqueous levels of VEGF-A, IL-8, PlGF and EPO do not correlate with vitreous levels of those proteins. The relationship between protein levels in aqueous humor and vitreous might be dependent on different disease status or protein types investigated.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Aqueous Humor; Biomarkers; Diabetic Retinopathy; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Erythropoietin; Female; Glaucoma, Neovascular; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Placenta Growth Factor; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; Vitreous Body

The aim of this study was to compare the levels of erythropoietin (Epo), semaphorins 3A (Sema 3A) and pigment epithelium derived factors (PEDF) in serum and aqueous humor of those with neovascular glaucoma (NVG) and patients with cataract. It was an experimental study carried out from January 2016 to September 2018. Seventy-three NVG patients were selected as NVG group, and 73 cataract patients were selected as cataract group. The levels of Epo and sema 3A in serum and aqueous humor in NVG group were higher than those in cataract group (both p <0.001), and the level of PEDF in serum and aqueous humor in NVG group were lower than those in cataract group (p <0.001). Compared with cataract patients, NVG patients had higher levels of Epo and sema 3A in serum and aqueous humor and lower levels of PEDF.

Topics: Aged; Aqueous Humor; Cataract; Erythropoietin; Eye Proteins; Female; Glaucoma, Neovascular; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Nerve Growth Factors; Semaphorin-3A; Serpins

To evaluate changes of levels of erythropoietin (EPO) and VEGF in aqueous humor before and after an intravitreal injection of bevacizumab (IVB) and determine the underlying correlation between them.. This prospective study involved 21 eyes of 21 patients with surgery-required advanced neovascular glaucoma (NVG) and 20 control subjects from October 2011 through November 2012. The NVG eyes received the IVB treatment before antiglaucomatous surgery. Aqueous humor was collected at the time of the IVB injection (pre-IVB) and at the time of antiglaucomatous surgery (post-IVB). Aqueous humor and plasma VEGF and EPO levels were measured with ELISA and chemiluminescence methods, respectively.. The mean aqueous humor EPO and VEGF concentrations in pre-ivb eyes were significantly higher than those of the control subjects (p 0.001), whereas plasma levels showed no significant difference. There was a statistically significant correlation between the aqueous humor epo and the VEGF concentration (R = 0.612; P = 0.003). The mean aqueous humor VEGF in post-ivb eyes dramatically decreased from 1704.83 757.82 TO 19.02 14.65 PG/ML (P 0.001). However, EPO remained almost the same: 326.60 ± 104.28 compared with 312.67 ± 103.23 mU/mL (P = 0.675).. The NVG eyes showed high aqueous EPO and VEGF levels, and there was a positive correlation between them. However, levels of EPO did not change after post-IVB, whereas those of VEGF decreased.

Topics: Aged; Angiogenesis Inhibitors; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Aqueous Humor; Bevacizumab; Case-Control Studies; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Erythropoietin; Female; Glaucoma, Neovascular; Humans; Intravitreal Injections; Male; Middle Aged; Prospective Studies; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A

To compare the aqueous concentration of erythropoietin (EPO) in eyes with primary open-angle (POAG), pseudoexfoliative (PXFG), and neovascular (NVG) glaucoma with age-matched eyes with cataracts, and to correlate its concentration with other factors including age, gender, intraocular pressure (IOP), type of glaucoma, and severity of glaucoma.. In this prospective non-randomized comparative study, a total of 26 eyes with cataracts (control group) and 92 glaucomatous eyes (POAG, 40 eyes; PXFG, 26 eyes; NVG, 26 eyes) were enrolled. Aqueous samples (0.1 to 0.2 ml) were obtained during phacoemulsification, trabeculectomy, phacotrabeculectomy, or Ahmed valve glaucoma implants. The aqueous concentration of EPO was measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.. The mean±SEM aqueous level of EPO was statistically significantly higher in eyes with glaucoma (56.7±9.3 mIU/ml) compared to the control group (0.8±0.51 mIU/ml; p<0.001). Eyes with NVG had the highest aqueous level of EPO. Aqueous EPO concentrations remained considerably elevated even in eyes with controlled IOP in all three types of glaucoma. Eyes with PXFG displayed the greatest change in aqueous EPO concentration proportionate to the IOP level. In simple regression analysis, IOP, mean deviation, and the type of glaucoma were the factors that had a statistically significantly positive correlation with the aqueous level of EPO (p=0.011 and <0.001, respectively). Only the type of glaucoma remained statistically significant in the multiple regression analysis (adjusted R(2)=0.278).. Compared to the control group, the aqueous humor EPO concentration is increased in eyes with POAG, PXFG, and NVG, both with and without controlled IOP. The aqueous level of EPO was more proportionate to the level of IOP in eyes with PXFG compared to eyes with POAG and NVG.

Topics: Age Factors; Aged; Aqueous Humor; Cataract; Erythropoietin; Exfoliation Syndrome; Female; Glaucoma, Neovascular; Glaucoma, Open-Angle; Humans; Intraocular Pressure; Male; Middle Aged; Prospective Studies; Regression Analysis; Severity of Illness Index; Sex Factors

To determine the aqueous concentration of erythropoietin (EPO) in patients with and without glaucoma.. Prospective, comparative control study. Concentrations of EPO in the aqueous humor were measured using ELISA kits from 75 patients, of whom 55 had glaucoma (14 primary acute angle-closure glaucoma, PAACG; 26 primary chronic angle-closure glaucoma, PCACG; 11 primary open-angle glaucoma, POAG; 4 neovascular glaucoma, NVG), and 20 had cataract only as control.. EPO concentrations in eyes with glaucoma (71.0 +/- 12.0 mU/mL) were significantly higher than those in eyes with cataract (6.4 +/- 0.8 mU/mL, P < 0.001). There were no significant differences (P = 0.421) between PCACG (28.84 +/- 3.9 mU/mL) and POAG (20.2 +/- 2.0 mU/mL); however, EPO concentrations in eyes with PAACG (118.5 +/- 14 mU/mL) were significantly higher than these two chronic subtypes of glaucoma (P < 0.001, respectively). Unusually high EPO concentrations were detected in four eyes with NVG (319.5 +/- 47.7 mU/mL). No effect of age, gender, different eyes, body mass index of the aqueous humor EPO concentration could be detected (P > 0.05). No significant correlation was found between aqueous humor and plasma EPO concentrations in PAACG and control group (P = 0.285, 0.500, respectively).. Our prospective study suggests that the aqueous humor EPO concentrations are increased in eyes with glaucoma.

Topics: Acute Disease; Aged; Aqueous Humor; Case-Control Studies; Chronic Disease; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Erythropoietin; Female; Glaucoma, Angle-Closure; Glaucoma, Neovascular; Glaucoma, Open-Angle; Humans; Intraocular Pressure; Male; Middle Aged; Prospective Studies