losartan-potassium and Acidosis--Lactic

Type A lactic acidosis resulted from hypoxic mitochondrial dysfunction is an independent predictor of mortality for critically ill patients. However, current therapeutic agents are still in shortage and can even be harmful. This paper reviewed data regarding lactic acidosis treatment and recommended that pyruvate might be a potential alkalizer to correct type A lactic acidosis in future clinical practice. Pyruvate is a key energy metabolic substrate and a pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) activator with several unique beneficial biological properties, including anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects and the ability to activate the hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1α) - erythropoietin (EPO) signal pathway. Pyruvate preserves glucose metabolism and cellular energetics better than bicarbonate, lactate, acetate and malate in the efficient correction of hypoxic lactic acidosis and shows few side effects. Therefore, application of pyruvate may be promising and safe as a novel therapeutic strategy in hypoxic lactic acidosis correction accompanied with multi-organ protection in critical care patients.

Topics: Acidosis, Lactic; Antacids; Bicarbonates; Erythropoietin; Fluid Therapy; Humans; Hypoxia; Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit; Pyruvic Acid; Ringer's Lactate

A 47-year-old female patient presented nausea and vomiting for half a year and elevated serum creatinine for 3 days. Proximal renal tubular acidosis (RTA) complicated with anemiawas confirmed after admission. Secondary factors, such as autoimmune disease, drugs, poison, monoclonal gammopathy, were excluded. Renal biopsy revealed acute interstitial nephritis. The patient was administrated with daily prednisone 50 mg, sodium bicarbonate 4 g, 3 times per day, erythropoietin 3 000 U, 2 times per week, combined with potassium, calcium, and calcitriol tablets. Serum creatinine reduced to 90 μmol/L. However nausea and vomiting deteriorated with lactic acidosis. Bone marrow biopsy indicated the diagnosis of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, therefore the patient was treated with chemotherapy. Although metabolic acidosis improved gradually after chemotherapy, severe pneumocystis carinii pneumonia developed two weeks later. The patient refused further treatment and was discharged.. 患者女性，47岁。因恶心、呕吐半年，发现肾功能异常（血肌酐255 μmol/L）3 d就诊，入院检查发现近端肾小管酸中毒合并贫血，排除自身免疫病、药物、毒物、单克隆免疫球蛋白病等继发因素，肾脏穿刺活检组织病理提示急性间质性肾炎，予泼尼松50 mg/d；碳酸氢钠4 g，3次/d；促红细胞生成素3 000 U，2次/周；氯化钾缓释片500 mg，3次/d；碳酸钙500 mg，3次/d；骨化三醇0.5 μg，1次/d。患者血肌酐恢复至90 μmol/L，但随诊期间患者恶心呕吐加重，再次检查发现合并乳酸酸中毒（乳酸14.1 mmol/L）。骨髓穿刺提示非霍奇金淋巴瘤，予CHOP方案化疗，期间乳酸酸中毒逐步好转（乳酸由14.5 mmol/L降至3.1 mmol/L），半个月后发生重症耶氏肺孢子菌肺炎，最终放弃治疗出院。.

Topics: Acidosis, Lactic; Acidosis, Renal Tubular; Anemia; Antineoplastic Agents; Biopsy; Creatinine; Erythropoietin; Female; Humans; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin; Middle Aged; Nausea; Pneumonia, Pneumocystis; Prednisone; Renal Insufficiency; Sodium Bicarbonate; Treatment Refusal; Vomiting