Page last updated: 2024-10-30

lorazepam and Psychomotor Agitation

lorazepam has been researched along with Psychomotor Agitation in 93 studies

Lorazepam: A benzodiazepine used as an anti-anxiety agent with few side effects. It also has hypnotic, anticonvulsant, and considerable sedative properties and has been proposed as a preanesthetic agent.

Psychomotor Agitation: A feeling of restlessness associated with increased motor activity. This may occur as a manifestation of nervous system drug toxicity or other conditions.

Research Excerpts

ExcerptRelevanceReference
" Acutely agitated patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder (n = 67) were randomized to receive 10 mg IM olanzapine (n = 37) or 5 mg IM haloperidol plus 2 mg IM lorazepam (n = 30)."9.20Intramuscular olanzapine versus intramuscular haloperidol plus lorazepam for the treatment of acute schizophrenia with agitation: An open-label, randomized controlled trial. ( Chen, HH; Chen, YH; Hsieh, MH; Huang, CL; Huang, GH; Hwang, TJ; Hwu, HG, 2015)
"We conducted a prospective double-blind study of accelerated dose titration of olanzapine in the treatment of newly admitted acutely agitated patients with schizophrenia."9.11Efficacy of accelerated dose titration of olanzapine with adjunctive lorazepam to treat acute agitation in schizophrenia. ( Ahl, J; Kinon, BJ; McMullen, E; Rotelli, MD, 2004)
"This double-blind study investigated the efficacy and safety of rapid-acting intramuscular olanzapine in treating agitation associated with Alzheimer's disease and/or vascular dementia."9.10Comparison of rapidly acting intramuscular olanzapine, lorazepam, and placebo: a double-blind, randomized study in acutely agitated patients with dementia. ( Beasley, CM; Beckett, LM; Breier, A; David, SR; Feldman, PD; Jones, B; Meehan, KM; Mintzer, JE; Nisivoccia, JR; Wang, H, 2002)
"To examine whether haloperidol plus promethazine is an effective treatment for psychosis-induced aggression."8.93Haloperidol plus promethazine for psychosis-induced aggression. ( Alexander, J; Allen, MH; Gandhi, P; Huf, G, 2016)
"Haloperidol, used alone is recommended to help calm situations of aggression with people with psychosis."8.88Haloperidol for psychosis-induced aggression or agitation (rapid tranquillisation). ( Adams, CE; Jones, H; Powney, MJ, 2012)
"To examine whether haloperidol plus promethazine is an effective treatment for psychosis induced agitation/aggression."8.85Haloperidol plus promethazine for psychosis-induced aggression. ( Alexander, J; Allen, MH; Huf, G; Raveendran, NS, 2009)
"To examine whether haloperidol plus promethazine is an effective treatment for psychosis induced agitation/aggression."8.82Haloperidol plus promethazine for psychosis induced aggression. ( Alexander, J; Allen, MH; Huf, G, 2005)
"Practice guidelines recommend the use of low dose haloperidol when medication is needed to treat delirium with acute agitation in hospitalized older people."7.79Haloperidol overdosing in the treatment of agitated hospitalized older people with delirium: a retrospective chart review from a community teaching hospital. ( Dorokhine, I; Knapp, CM; Musuku, M; Patel, N; Zirker, W, 2013)
"Lorazepam was also given as needed (total dose, < or =4 mg/d) but not in place of a study drug dose increase."6.73Olanzapine versus aripiprazole for the treatment of agitation in acutely ill patients with schizophrenia. ( Chen, L; Kinon, BJ; Kollack-Walker, S; Sniadecki, J; Stauffer, VL, 2008)
"This was a pre-planned secondary analysis of a double-blind, randomized clinical trial comparing the use of a single dose of lorazepam plus haloperidol versus placebo plus haloperidol in patients with agitated delirium."5.41Association among rescue neuroleptic use, agitation, and perceived comfort: secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial on agitated delirium. ( Bruera, E; Chen, M; Hui, D; Tang, M, 2021)
"The current study was a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial to compare the effect of lorazepam versus placebo as an adjuvant to haloperidol for persistent agitation in patients with delirium."5.27The minimal clinically important difference of the Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale in patients with cancer with agitated delirium. ( Arthur, J; Bruera, E; Dalal, S; Dev, R; Dibaj, SS; Hess, K; Hui, D; Reddy, S, 2018)
" Acutely agitated patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder (n = 67) were randomized to receive 10 mg IM olanzapine (n = 37) or 5 mg IM haloperidol plus 2 mg IM lorazepam (n = 30)."5.20Intramuscular olanzapine versus intramuscular haloperidol plus lorazepam for the treatment of acute schizophrenia with agitation: An open-label, randomized controlled trial. ( Chen, HH; Chen, YH; Hsieh, MH; Huang, CL; Huang, GH; Hwang, TJ; Hwu, HG, 2015)
"We conducted a prospective double-blind study of accelerated dose titration of olanzapine in the treatment of newly admitted acutely agitated patients with schizophrenia."5.11Efficacy of accelerated dose titration of olanzapine with adjunctive lorazepam to treat acute agitation in schizophrenia. ( Ahl, J; Kinon, BJ; McMullen, E; Rotelli, MD, 2004)
" In 3 double-blind studies, acutely agitated patients with schizophrenia (N = 311), bipolar mania (N = 201), or dementia (N = 206) were treated with intramuscular (1-3 injections/24 hrs) olanzapine (2."5.10Calming versus sedative effects of intramuscular olanzapine in agitated patients. ( Alaka, K; Battaglia, J; Lindborg, SR; Meehan, K; Wright, P, 2003)
"This double-blind study investigated the efficacy and safety of rapid-acting intramuscular olanzapine in treating agitation associated with Alzheimer's disease and/or vascular dementia."5.10Comparison of rapidly acting intramuscular olanzapine, lorazepam, and placebo: a double-blind, randomized study in acutely agitated patients with dementia. ( Beasley, CM; Beckett, LM; Breier, A; David, SR; Feldman, PD; Jones, B; Meehan, KM; Mintzer, JE; Nisivoccia, JR; Wang, H, 2002)
"We now present data from a randomized, double-blind clinical study of lorazepam versus haloperidol in 20 hospitalized patients with a DSM-III-R diagnosis of bipolar disorder who were being treated concomitantly with lithium."5.07Adjunctive treatment of manic agitation with lorazepam versus haloperidol: a double-blind study. ( Creelman, WL; Lenox, RH; Newhouse, PA; Whitaker, TM, 1992)
"To examine whether haloperidol plus promethazine is an effective treatment for psychosis-induced aggression."4.93Haloperidol plus promethazine for psychosis-induced aggression. ( Alexander, J; Allen, MH; Gandhi, P; Huf, G, 2016)
"Haloperidol, used alone is recommended to help calm situations of aggression with people with psychosis."4.88Haloperidol for psychosis-induced aggression or agitation (rapid tranquillisation). ( Adams, CE; Jones, H; Powney, MJ, 2012)
"To examine whether haloperidol plus promethazine is an effective treatment for psychosis induced agitation/aggression."4.85Haloperidol plus promethazine for psychosis-induced aggression. ( Alexander, J; Allen, MH; Huf, G; Raveendran, NS, 2009)
"To examine whether haloperidol plus promethazine is an effective treatment for psychosis induced agitation/aggression."4.82Haloperidol plus promethazine for psychosis induced aggression. ( Alexander, J; Allen, MH; Huf, G, 2005)
"Over 67 days, 1,461 patients were screened in the ED, 269 had bipolar I or schizophrenia, 194 of whom had a contraindication to inhaled loxapine leaving 75 eligible patients; preconsent was obtained in 43 patients."3.91Study Enrollment When "Preconsent" Is Utilized for a Randomized Clinical Trial of Two Treatments for Acute Agitation in the Emergency Department. ( Cole, JB; Driver, BE; Klein, LR; Mullinax, SZ; Nordstrom, KD; Wilson, MP, 2019)
"The World Health Organization recommends that anxiety, depression, agitation and delirium at end of life should be treated with drugs such as lorazepam, diazepam, midazolam and haloperidol."3.83Look again at psychedelic drugs. ( Cameron, R, 2016)
"Practice guidelines recommend the use of low dose haloperidol when medication is needed to treat delirium with acute agitation in hospitalized older people."3.79Haloperidol overdosing in the treatment of agitated hospitalized older people with delirium: a retrospective chart review from a community teaching hospital. ( Dorokhine, I; Knapp, CM; Musuku, M; Patel, N; Zirker, W, 2013)
" Indications for droperidol included agitation, 68 (86%); nausea/vomiting, 7 (9%); headache, 2 (3%); and other pain, 2 (3%)."3.76Droperidol use in pediatric emergency department patients. ( Sacchetti, A; Szwak, K, 2010)
"Analysis 1 found that nonsedated patients with bipolar I disorder and schizophrenia showed significant decreases in PEC scores following treatment with aripiprazole IM (p < 0."3.74Intramuscular aripiprazole in the control of agitation. ( Citrome, LL; Crandall, DT; Currier, GW; Manos, G; McQuade, R; Oren, D; Pikalov, AA; Zimbroff, DL, 2007)
"Droperidol was more effective than lorazepam or either dose of ziprasidone for the treatment of acute agitation in the ED and caused fewer episodes of respiratory depression."3.01Randomized Double-blind Trial of Intramuscular Droperidol, Ziprasidone, and Lorazepam for Acute Undifferentiated Agitation in the Emergency Department. ( Biros, MH; Cole, JB; Driver, BE; Martel, ML; Miner, JR, 2021)
"Lorazepam was also given as needed (total dose, < or =4 mg/d) but not in place of a study drug dose increase."2.73Olanzapine versus aripiprazole for the treatment of agitation in acutely ill patients with schizophrenia. ( Chen, L; Kinon, BJ; Kollack-Walker, S; Sniadecki, J; Stauffer, VL, 2008)
"Lorazepam alone was as effective as lorazepam plus haloperidol or lorazepam plus risperidone in this small trial."2.72Risperidone versus haloperidol, in combination with lorazepam, in the treatment of acute agitation and psychosis: a pilot, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. ( Currier, GW; McMullan, JT; Veser, BD; Veser, FH; Zealberg, J, 2006)
"Midazolam has a significantly shorter time to onset of sedation and a more rapid time to arousal than lorazepam or haloperidol."2.71A prospective, double-blind, randomized trial of midazolam versus haloperidol versus lorazepam in the chemical restraint of violent and severely agitated patients. ( Dresden, GM; Levitt, MA; Nobay, F; Simon, BC, 2004)
" Mean score improvements at 30, 60, and 120 minutes after dosing were significant at each timepoint in both groups (p <."2.71Acute treatment of psychotic agitation: a randomized comparison of oral treatment with risperidone and lorazepam versus intramuscular treatment with haloperidol and lorazepam. ( Bossie, CA; Chou, JC; Currier, GW; Feifel, D; Gharabawi, GM; Mahmoud, RA; Turkoz, I, 2004)
" These findings suggest that intramuscular olanzapine is a safe and effective treatment for reducing acute agitation in patients with bipolar mania."2.70A double-blind, randomized comparison of the efficacy and safety of intramuscular injections of olanzapine, lorazepam, or placebo in treating acutely agitated patients diagnosed with bipolar mania. ( Breier, A; David, S; Janicak, P; Koch, M; Meehan, K; Rizk, R; Small, J; Tohen, M; Tran, P; Walker, D; Zhang, F, 2001)
"The drop in the akathisia score from a pretreatment value of 1."2.66Treatment of akathisia with lorazepam. An open clinical trial. ( Bartels, M; Heide, K; Mann, K; Schied, HW, 1987)
"When haloperidol and midazolam were compared with olanzapine, there was some evidence the combination was superior in terms of improvement, sedation and behaviour."2.49Benzodiazepines for psychosis-induced aggression or agitation. ( Beck, A; Gillies, D; Rathbone, J; Sampson, S, 2013)
"lorazepam; 6 weeks), and in restlessness and agitation (vs."2.46Efficacy and safety of silexan, a new, orally administered lavender oil preparation, in subthreshold anxiety disorder - evidence from clinical trials. ( Dienel, A; Gastpar, M; Kasper, S; Möller, HJ; Müller, WE; Schläfke, S; Volz, HP, 2010)
"Bilateral intraocular pressures were monitored before and after the first 7 ECTs and intermittently after ECT for 10 months of maintenance ECT."1.40Stability of intraocular pressure after retinal reattachment surgery during electroconvulsive therapy for intractable self-injury in a 12-year-old autistic boy. ( Reti, IM; Wachtel, LE; Ying, H, 2014)
"Catatonia is a syndrome of motor dysregulation, usually associated with psychiatric, neurological, systemic and drug-related diseases."1.39Agitation after minor trauma: combativeness as a cardinal catatonic feature. ( Luykx, JJ; Post, EH; van der Erf, M; Van Hecke, J, 2013)
"All four of the reviewed cases with myokymia of the shoulders were intubated and none without it were intubated."1.35Fasciculations after rattlesnake envenomations: a retrospective statewide poison control system study. ( Cantrell, FL; Vohra, R; Williams, SR, 2008)
"ziprasidone for the treatment of acute agitation."1.33Naturalistic study of intramuscular ziprasidone versus conventional agents in agitated elderly patients: retrospective findings from a psychiatric emergency service. ( Francis, A; Kohen, I; Preval, H; Southard, R, 2005)
"Haloperidol was administered more often to elderly patients (p=0."1.31Frequency, severity, and treatment of agitation in young versus elderly patients in the ICU. ( Berthiaume, D; Fraser, GL; Prato, BS; Riker, RR; Wilkins, ML, 2000)
"Oral treatment with risperidone and lorazepam appears to be a tolerable and comparable alternative to intramuscular haloperidol and lorazepam for short-term treatment of agitated psychosis in patients who accept oral medications."1.31Risperidone liquid concentrate and oral lorazepam versus intramuscular haloperidol and intramuscular lorazepam for treatment of psychotic agitation. ( Currier, GW; Simpson, GM, 2001)

Research

Studies (93)

TimeframeStudies, this research(%)All Research%
pre-199013 (13.98)18.7374
1990's11 (11.83)18.2507
2000's34 (36.56)29.6817
2010's25 (26.88)24.3611
2020's10 (10.75)2.80

Authors

AuthorsStudies
Conrardy, MJ1
Tyler, DJ1
Cruz, DS1
Fant, AL1
Malik, S1
Lank, PM1
Kim, HS1
Thiemann, P1
Roy, D1
Huecker, M1
Senn, J1
Javed, J1
Thomas, A1
Shreffler, J1
Shaw, I1
Jeffers, T1
Darling, B1
Edwards, C1
Vadiei, N1
Stetson, SR1
Osser, DN1
Allen, PJ1
Johanson, KE1
Reveles, KR1
Neff, LA1
Lock, AE1
Lin, J1
Figuerado, Y1
Montgomery, A1
Lee, J1
Cannis, M1
Norton, VC1
Calvo, R1
Sikand, H1
Martel, ML1
Driver, BE2
Miner, JR1
Biros, MH1
Cole, JB2
Marouda, K1
Mantonakis, L1
Kollias, K1
Tang, M1
Chen, M1
Bruera, E2
Hui, D2
Hess, K1
Dibaj, SS1
Arthur, J1
Dev, R1
Dalal, S1
Reddy, S1
Reddy, MSS1
Achary, U1
Harbishettar, V1
Sivakumar, PT1
Varghese, M1
Klein, LR1
Mullinax, SZ1
Nordstrom, KD1
Wilson, MP1
Bak, M1
Weltens, I1
Bervoets, C1
De Fruyt, J1
Samochowiec, J1
Fiorillo, A1
Sampogna, G1
Bienkowski, P1
Preuss, WU1
Misiak, B1
Frydecka, D1
Samochowiec, A1
Bak, E1
Drukker, M1
Dom, G1
Bregstein, JS1
Wagh, AM1
Tsze, DS1
Mann, E1
Haastert, B1
Böhmdorfer, B1
Frühwald, T1
Iglseder, B1
Roller-Wirnsberger, R1
Meyer, G1
Gillies, D1
Sampson, S1
Beck, A1
Rathbone, J1
Zirker, W1
Dorokhine, I1
Knapp, CM1
Patel, N1
Musuku, M1
Luykx, JJ1
Post, EH1
van der Erf, M1
Van Hecke, J1
Wachtel, LE1
Reti, IM1
Ying, H1
Nishiyama, A1
Matsumoto, H1
Froberg, BA1
Levine, M1
Beuhler, MC1
Judge, BS1
Moore, PW1
Engebretsen, KM1
Mckeown, NJ1
Rosenbaum, CD1
Young, AC1
Rusyniak, DE1
Huang, CL1
Hwang, TJ1
Chen, YH1
Huang, GH1
Hsieh, MH1
Chen, HH1
Hwu, HG1
Hayes, A1
Russ, MJ1
OʼRear, JM1
Prahlow, JA1
Cameron, R1
Gagnon, DJ1
Fontaine, GV1
Smith, KE1
Riker, RR2
Miller, RR1
Lerwick, PA1
Lucas, FL1
Dziodzio, JT1
Sihler, KC1
Fraser, GL2
Huf, G4
Alexander, J4
Gandhi, P1
Allen, MH3
Kousgaard, SJ1
Licht, RW1
Nielsen, RE1
Kinon, BJ2
Stauffer, VL1
Kollack-Walker, S1
Chen, L1
Sniadecki, J1
Jaffe, A1
Levine, J1
Citrome, L2
Raveendran, NS1
Hardy, D1
Coutinho, ES1
Adams, CE2
Birmingham, C1
Ban, K1
Rosen, P1
Wolfe, R1
Davis, D1
Sakles, J1
Bramwell, K1
Sanchez, LD1
Szwak, K1
Sacchetti, A1
Kasper, S1
Gastpar, M1
Müller, WE1
Volz, HP1
Möller, HJ1
Dienel, A1
Schläfke, S1
Emmerson, B1
Moudgil, V1
Woodbridge, A1
Burrows, D1
Kingswell, B1
Kubler, P1
McMahon, K1
LeBlanc, JM1
Dasta, JF1
Pruchnicki, MC1
Gerlach, A1
Cook, C1
Watt, KM1
Walgos, J1
Cheifetz, IM1
Turner, DA1
Powney, MJ1
Jones, H1
Maccioli, GA1
Tuohy, KA1
Nicholson, WJ1
Schiffman, F1
Multz, AS1
Battaglia, J2
Lindborg, SR1
Alaka, K1
Meehan, K2
Wright, P1
Currier, GW4
Chou, JC1
Feifel, D1
Bossie, CA1
Turkoz, I1
Mahmoud, RA1
Gharabawi, GM1
Ahl, J1
Rotelli, MD1
McMullen, E1
Nobay, F2
Simon, BC1
Levitt, MA1
Dresden, GM1
Tharyan, P1
Adams, C1
John, T1
Mol, C1
Philip, J1
Lewin, MR1
Montauk, L1
Shalit, M1
Srihari, VH1
Lee, TS1
Rohrbaugh, RM1
D'Souza, DC1
Kohen, I1
Preval, H1
Southard, R1
Francis, A1
Veser, FH1
Veser, BD1
McMullan, JT1
Zealberg, J1
Reid, C1
Zimbroff, DL2
Marcus, RN1
Manos, G2
Stock, E1
McQuade, RD1
Auby, P1
Oren, DA1
Citrome, LL1
Oren, D1
McQuade, R1
Pikalov, AA1
Crandall, DT1
Weitz, G1
Homann, N1
von Jagow, DC1
Wellhöner, P1
Sauer, A1
Ludwig, D1
Rasmussen, KG1
Mueller, M1
Knapp, RG1
Husain, MM1
Rummans, TA1
Sampson, SM1
O'Connor, MK1
Petrides, G1
Fink, M1
Kellner, CH1
Preskorn, SH1
Vohra, R1
Cantrell, FL1
Williams, SR1
Fowler, SB1
Hertzog, J1
Wagner, BK1
Pohlman, AS1
Simpson, KP1
Hall, JB1
Tesar, GE1
Maltsberger, JT1
Prato, BS1
Berthiaume, D1
Wilkins, ML1
Stanislav, SW1
Childs, A1
Duggal, HS1
Simpson, GM2
Zhang, F1
David, S1
Tohen, M1
Janicak, P1
Small, J1
Koch, M1
Rizk, R1
Walker, D1
Tran, P1
Breier, A2
Hatch, CD1
Lund, BC1
Perry, PJ1
Meehan, KM1
Wang, H1
David, SR1
Nisivoccia, JR1
Jones, B1
Beasley, CM1
Feldman, PD1
Mintzer, JE1
Beckett, LM1
Lenox, RH2
Newhouse, PA1
Creelman, WL1
Whitaker, TM1
Little, JD1
Taghavi, EH1
Ancill, RJ1
Carlyle, WW1
Liang, RA1
Holliday, SG1
Bross, MH1
Alexander, W1
Yassa, R2
Bloom, D1
Salzman, C3
Miyawaki, EK1
Soloman, D1
Lopez, A1
Rebollo, J1
Groulx, B1
Garza-Treviño, ES1
Hollister, LE1
Overall, JE1
Alexander, WF1
Adler, L1
Angrist, B1
Peselow, E1
Corwin, J1
Rotrosen, J1
Bartels, M1
Heide, K1
Mann, K1
Schied, HW1
Cerri, C1
Cocco, E1
Rovati, L1
Majeau-Chargois, D1
Ward, ME1
Saklad, SR1
Ereshefsky, L1
Modell, JG2
Green, AI1
Rodriguez-Villa, F1
Jaskiw, GI1
Campbell, R1
Weiner, S1
Ellison, JM1

Clinical Trials (5)

Trial Overview

TrialPhaseEnrollmentStudy TypeStart DateStatus
Open-label Randomized Controlled Trial of Oral Transmucosal Haloperidol and Olanzapine in the Treatment of Terminal Delirium[NCT04750395]Phase 280 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2021-09-01Recruiting
An Observational Study of Anti-Psychotic Medication for the Treatment of Agitation in the Emergency Department[NCT02877108]100 participants (Anticipated)Observational2016-04-30Recruiting
An Open-label, Randomized Trial of Intramuscular (IM) Olanzapine Versus Intramuscular Combination of Haloperidol and Lorazepam in the Treatment of Acute Agitation in Schizophrenia[NCT00797277]Phase 367 participants (Actual)Interventional2006-07-31Completed
A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Parallel-group Study of Dexmedetomidine (Precedex®), With Lorazepam Rescue, for the Management of Severe Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome (AWS) and Alcohol Withdrawal Delirium (AWD)[NCT01362205]Phase 449 participants (Actual)Interventional2012-03-31Terminated (stopped due to DSMB recommendation for slow enrollment)
Rapid Tranquilization of Violent or Agitated People in Psychiatric Emergency Settings- A Pragmatic Randomized Controlled Trial of Intramuscular Olanzepine Vs. Intramuscular Haloperidol + Promethazine.[NCT00455234]Phase 3300 participants Interventional2005-09-30Completed
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

Trial Outcomes

Change of the Agitation-Calmness Evaluation Scale (ACES) Score From Baseline to 120 Minutes After 1st Injection

Agitation was further assessed by the Agitation Calmness Evaluation Scale (ACES) (Copyright 1998, Eli Lilly and Company), a single-item scale developed by Eli Lilly and Company on which 1 indicates marked agitation; 2, moderate agitation; 3, mild agitation; 4, normal; 5, mild calmness; 6, moderate calmness; 7, marked calmness; 8, deep sleep; and 9, unable to be aroused. (NCT00797277)
Timeframe: from baseline to 120 minutes after first injection

Interventionunits on a scale (Mean)
1. IM Olanzapine2.14
2. IM Haloperidol Pus Lorazepam2.23

The Change of the Positive and Negative Symptom Scale Excited Component (PANSS-EC) Score From Baseline to 120 Minutes After First Injection

The primary efficacy measure was PANSS-EC, which was derived from the PANSS by its originators using a principal-components factor analysis, and includes the items of tension, uncooperativeness, hostility, poor impulse control and excitement.22 The score of each item ranges from 1 (normal) to 7 (most severe), with a total sum score ranging from 5 to 35. The changes in PANSS-EC from baseline to 2 hours after the first injection were compared. (NCT00797277)
Timeframe: from baseline to 120 minutes after first injection

Interventionunits on a scale (Mean)
1. IM Olanzapine-10.2
2. IM Haloperidol Plus Lorazepam-9.9

Average MINDS Score

Minnesota Detoxification Scale (MINDS) min score 0, max score 46. The higher the score, the worse the symptoms of AWS/AWD. (NCT01362205)
Timeframe: up to 28 days

Interventionunits on a scale (Median)
Dexmedetomidine8.2
Placebo9.4

Number of Ventilator Free Days After Randomization.

A ventilator day is counted for any use of invasive mechanical ventilation during a calendar day (NCT01362205)
Timeframe: up to 28 days

Interventiondays (Median)
Dexmedetomidine27.5
Placebo28.0

Resource Utilization Costs Associated With This Hospitalization Billed by Facility.

(NCT01362205)
Timeframe: Up to 28 days

InterventionUSD (Median)
Dexmedetomidine81234
Placebo91651

Resource Utilization Costs Associated With This Hospitalization Billed by Physicians.

(NCT01362205)
Timeframe: up to 28 Days

InterventionDollar (United States) (Median)
Dexmedetomidine3482
Placebo4461

Scores at Hospital Discharge on the Beck Anxiety Inventory

The Beck Anxiety Inventory is a validated questionnaire used to measure severity of anxiety (min score 0, max score 63). The higher the score the greater the severity of anxiety. A score of 30-63 indicates severe anxiety, 17-29 moderate anxiety, 10-16 mild anxiety and 0-9 minimal anxiety. (NCT01362205)
Timeframe: Up to 28 days.

Interventionunits on a scale (Mean)
Dexmedetomidine30.3
Placebo21.6

Scores at Hospital Discharge on the Beck Depression Inventory.

The Beck Depression Inventory is a validated questionnaire used to measure severity of depression (min score 0, max score 63). The higher the score the greater the severity of depression. A score of 30-63 indicates severe depression, 19-29 moderate depression, 10-18 mild depression and 0-9 minimal depression. (NCT01362205)
Timeframe: Up to 28 days.

Interventionunits on a scale (Mean)
Dexmedetomidine26.5
Placebo21.4

Scores at Hospital Discharge on the Mini Mental Exam.

The Mini Mental State Examination or Folstein test is a validated 30-point questionnaire used to measure cognitive impairment (min score 0, max score 30). A score of 24 points (out of a max of 30) indicates normal cognition, less than or equal to 9 points indicates severe impairment, 10-18 indicates moderate impairment and 19-23 mild impairment. (NCT01362205)
Timeframe: up to 28 days

Interventionunits on a scale (Mean)
Dexmedetomidine25.8
Placebo23.1

Scores at Hospital Discharge on the PTSD Civilian Checklist

PTSD checklist consists of 17 questions graded on a scale of 1 to 5. The PTSD score is comprised from the sum of the scores 17 questions. The PTSD score has possible values from to 17 to 85 with higher values indicating greater symptom severity. (NCT01362205)
Timeframe: Up to 28 days

Interventionunits on a scale (Median)
Dexmedetomidine45.5
Placebo32.5

The Length in Days of the Hospital Stay

A hospital day is counted for any time on a calendar day the patient is admitted to the hospital. Hospital days are inclusive of ICU days. (NCT01362205)
Timeframe: up to 28 days

Interventiondays (Median)
Dexmedetomidine8.0
Placebo12.0

The Length of ICU Stay Defined as the Time Between Randomization and ICU Transfer Orders.

(NCT01362205)
Timeframe: up to 28 days in hours

Interventionhours (Median)
Dexmedetomidine79.2
Placebo104.9

The Number of CAM-ICU Negative Days After Randomization.

The Confusion Assessment Method (CAM)-ICU is a validated instrument used to detect the presence or absence of delirium in the ICU. A delirium free day is counted for any day a patient is negative by the CAM-ICU. The higher the number of CAM-ICU negative days indicates the more days a patient was able to think clearly. (NCT01362205)
Timeframe: up to 28 days

Interventiondays (Median)
Dexmedetomidine0.3
Placebo0.3

Reviews

15 reviews available for lorazepam and Psychomotor Agitation

ArticleYear
Psychopharmacology of agitation in acute psychotic and manic episodes.
    Current opinion in psychiatry, 2022, 05-01, Volume: 35, Issue:3

    Topics: Antipsychotic Agents; Benzodiazepines; Drug Therapy, Combination; Haloperidol; Humans; Lorazepam; Ma

2022
The pharmacological management of agitated and aggressive behaviour: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
    European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists, 2019, Volume: 57

    Topics: Aggression; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Antipsychotic Agents; Benzodiazepines; Drug Therapy, Combination; H

2019
Benzodiazepines for psychosis-induced aggression or agitation.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2013, Apr-30, Issue:4

    Topics: Acute Disease; Aggression; Anti-Dyskinesia Agents; Antipsychotic Agents; Benzodiazepines; Drug Thera

2013
Haloperidol plus promethazine for psychosis-induced aggression.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2016, 11-25, Volume: 11

    Topics: Aggression; Benzodiazepines; Drug Therapy, Combination; Haloperidol; Humans; Lorazepam; Midazolam; P

2016
Effects of Intramuscular Midazolam and Lorazepam on Acute Agitation in Non-Elderly Subjects - A Systematic Review.
    Pharmacopsychiatry, 2017, Volume: 50, Issue:4

    Topics: Anti-Anxiety Agents; Humans; Injections, Intramuscular; Lorazepam; Midazolam; Psychomotor Agitation

2017
Interventions for the treatment of acute agitation.
    CNS spectrums, 2007, Volume: 12, Issue:8 Suppl 11

    Topics: Acute Disease; Antipsychotic Agents; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Lorazepam; Psychomotor Agitati

2007
Haloperidol plus promethazine for psychosis-induced aggression.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2009, Jul-08, Issue:3

    Topics: Aggression; Benzodiazepines; Drug Therapy, Combination; Haloperidol; Humans; Lorazepam; Midazolam; O

2009
[Haloperidol plus promethazine for agitated patients--a systematic review].
    Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999), 2009, Volume: 31, Issue:3

    Topics: Anti-Anxiety Agents; Antipsychotic Agents; Benzodiazepines; Drug Therapy, Combination; Haloperidol;

2009
Efficacy and safety of silexan, a new, orally administered lavender oil preparation, in subthreshold anxiety disorder - evidence from clinical trials.
    Wiener medizinische Wochenschrift (1946), 2010, Volume: 160, Issue:21-22

    Topics: Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anxiety Disorders; Humans; Lavandula; Lorazepam; Oils, Volatile; Personality In

2010
Haloperidol for psychosis-induced aggression or agitation (rapid tranquillisation).
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2012, Nov-14, Volume: 11

    Topics: Aggression; Antipsychotic Agents; Aripiprazole; Clopenthixol; Dystonia; Haloperidol; Humans; Lorazep

2012
Haloperidol plus promethazine for psychosis induced aggression.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2005, Jan-25, Issue:1

    Topics: Aggression; Drug Therapy, Combination; Haloperidol; Humans; Lorazepam; Midazolam; Promethazine; Psyc

2005
The treatment of acute agitation in schizophrenia.
    CNS spectrums, 2007, Volume: 12, Issue:8 Suppl 11

    Topics: Acute Disease; Antipsychotic Agents; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Lorazepam; Psychomotor Agitati

2007
Pharmacological interventions for agitation in head-injured patients in the acute care setting.
    The Journal of neuroscience nursing : journal of the American Association of Neuroscience Nurses, 1995, Volume: 27, Issue:2

    Topics: Adult; Brain Injuries; Critical Care; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administration Schedule

1995
The agitated patient, Part II: Pharmacologic treatment.
    Hospital & community psychiatry, 1993, Volume: 44, Issue:7

    Topics: Akathisia, Drug-Induced; Drug Therapy, Combination; Emergencies; Haloperidol; Humans; Lorazepam; Neu

1993
Use of benzodiazepines to control disruptive behavior in inpatients.
    The Journal of clinical psychiatry, 1988, Volume: 49 Suppl

    Topics: Aggression; Benzodiazepines; Haloperidol; Hospitalization; Humans; Injections, Intramuscular; Loraze

1988

Trials

24 trials available for lorazepam and Psychomotor Agitation

ArticleYear
Efficacy of ketamine for initial control of acute agitation in the emergency department: A randomized study.
    The American journal of emergency medicine, 2021, Volume: 44

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Antipsychotic Agents

2021
Randomized Double-blind Trial of Intramuscular Droperidol, Ziprasidone, and Lorazepam for Acute Undifferentiated Agitation in the Emergency Department.
    Academic emergency medicine : official journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine, 2021, Volume: 28, Issue:4

    Topics: Antipsychotic Agents; Droperidol; Emergency Service, Hospital; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Inje

2021
Association among rescue neuroleptic use, agitation, and perceived comfort: secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial on agitated delirium.
    Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer, 2021, Volume: 29, Issue:12

    Topics: Antipsychotic Agents; Delirium; Double-Blind Method; Haloperidol; Humans; Lorazepam; Psychomotor Agi

2021
The minimal clinically important difference of the Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale in patients with cancer with agitated delirium.
    Cancer, 2018, 05-15, Volume: 124, Issue:10

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Delirium; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Haloperidol; Humans; Lo

2018
Intramuscular olanzapine versus intramuscular haloperidol plus lorazepam for the treatment of acute schizophrenia with agitation: An open-label, randomized controlled trial.
    Journal of the Formosan Medical Association = Taiwan yi zhi, 2015, Volume: 114, Issue:5

    Topics: Adult; Antipsychotic Agents; Benzodiazepines; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Haloperidol; Humans

2015
Olanzapine versus aripiprazole for the treatment of agitation in acutely ill patients with schizophrenia.
    Journal of clinical psychopharmacology, 2008, Volume: 28, Issue:6

    Topics: Acute Disease; Administration, Oral; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Antipsychotic Agents; Aripiprazole; Be

2008
Calming versus sedative effects of intramuscular olanzapine in agitated patients.
    The American journal of emergency medicine, 2003, Volume: 21, Issue:3

    Topics: Adult; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Antipsychotic Agents; Benzodiazepines; Bipolar Disorder; Dementia; Doubl

2003
Acute treatment of psychotic agitation: a randomized comparison of oral treatment with risperidone and lorazepam versus intramuscular treatment with haloperidol and lorazepam.
    The Journal of clinical psychiatry, 2004, Volume: 65, Issue:3

    Topics: Acute Disease; Administration, Oral; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Antipsychotic Agents; Cluster Analysis

2004
Efficacy of accelerated dose titration of olanzapine with adjunctive lorazepam to treat acute agitation in schizophrenia.
    The American journal of emergency medicine, 2004, Volume: 22, Issue:3

    Topics: Acute Disease; Administration, Oral; Adult; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Antipsychotic Agents; Benzodiazepin

2004
A prospective, double-blind, randomized trial of midazolam versus haloperidol versus lorazepam in the chemical restraint of violent and severely agitated patients.
    Academic emergency medicine : official journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine, 2004, Volume: 11, Issue:7

    Topics: Adult; Arousal; Blood Pressure; Double-Blind Method; Haloperidol; Heart Rate; Humans; Lorazepam; Mid

2004
Rapid tranquillisation of violent or agitated patients in a psychiatric emergency setting. Pragmatic randomised trial of intramuscular lorazepam v. haloperidol plus promethazine.
    The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science, 2004, Volume: 185

    Topics: Antipsychotic Agents; Drug Therapy, Combination; Emergencies; Emergency Service, Hospital; Female; H

2004
Risperidone versus haloperidol, in combination with lorazepam, in the treatment of acute agitation and psychosis: a pilot, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
    Journal of psychiatric practice, 2006, Volume: 12, Issue:2

    Topics: Acute Disease; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Antipsychotic Agents; Double-Blind Meth

2006
Management of acute agitation in patients with bipolar disorder: efficacy and safety of intramuscular aripiprazole.
    Journal of clinical psychopharmacology, 2007, Volume: 27, Issue:2

    Topics: Acute Disease; Adult; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Antipsychotic Agents; Aripiprazole; Bipolar Disorder; Dis

2007
Premedication with orally administered lorazepam in adults undergoing ERCP: a randomized double-blind study.
    Gastrointestinal endoscopy, 2007, Volume: 66, Issue:3

    Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograd

2007
Antidepressant medication treatment failure does not predict lower remission with ECT for major depressive disorder: a report from the consortium for research in electroconvulsive therapy.
    The Journal of clinical psychiatry, 2007, Volume: 68, Issue:11

    Topics: Adult; Antidepressive Agents; Depressive Disorder, Major; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Menta

2007
Continuous intravenous infusions of lorazepam versus midazolam for sedation during mechanical ventilatory support: a prospective, randomized study.
    Critical care medicine, 1994, Volume: 22, Issue:8

    Topics: Adult; Clinical Protocols; Conscious Sedation; Critical Care; Female; Fluid Therapy; Humans; Infusio

1994
A double-blind, randomized comparison of the efficacy and safety of intramuscular injections of olanzapine, lorazepam, or placebo in treating acutely agitated patients diagnosed with bipolar mania.
    Journal of clinical psychopharmacology, 2001, Volume: 21, Issue:4

    Topics: Adult; Affect; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Antipsychotic Agents; Benzodiazepines; Bipolar Disorder; Choline

2001
Comparison of rapidly acting intramuscular olanzapine, lorazepam, and placebo: a double-blind, randomized study in acutely agitated patients with dementia.
    Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology, 2002, Volume: 26, Issue:4

    Topics: Acute Disease; Aged; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Antipsychotic Agents; Benzodiazepines; Dementia; Double-Bl

2002
Adjunctive treatment of manic agitation with lorazepam versus haloperidol: a double-blind study.
    The Journal of clinical psychiatry, 1992, Volume: 53, Issue:2

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Aggression; Bipolar Disorder; Double-Blind Method; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; H

1992
Agitation in the demented elderly: a role for benzodiazepines?
    International clinical psychopharmacology, 1991,Winter, Volume: 6, Issue:3

    Topics: Aged; Alprazolam; Dementia; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Lorazepam; Male; Motor Activity; Ps

1991
Use of benzodiazepines.
    Hospital & community psychiatry, 1990, Volume: 41, Issue:3

    Topics: Bipolar Disorder; Clinical Trials as Topic; Humans; Lorazepam; Psychomotor Agitation

1990
Efficacy of combinations of intramuscular antipsychotics and sedative-hypnotics for control of psychotic agitation.
    The American journal of psychiatry, 1989, Volume: 146, Issue:12

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Drug Combinations; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Haloperidol; Humans; Inject

1989
Efficacy of propranolol in neuroleptic-induced akathesia.
    Journal of clinical psychopharmacology, 1985, Volume: 5, Issue:3

    Topics: Adult; Akathisia, Drug-Induced; Antipsychotic Agents; Chronic Disease; Female; Humans; Lorazepam; Ma

1985
Treatment of akathisia with lorazepam. An open clinical trial.
    Pharmacopsychiatry, 1987, Volume: 20, Issue:2

    Topics: Adult; Akathisia, Drug-Induced; Antipsychotic Agents; Clinical Trials as Topic; Dyskinesia, Drug-Ind

1987

Other Studies

54 other studies available for lorazepam and Psychomotor Agitation

ArticleYear
Midazolam with haloperidol versus lorazepam with haloperidol for agitation: Effect on emergency department lengths of stay.
    Academic emergency medicine : official journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine, 2022, Volume: 29, Issue:3

    Topics: Antipsychotic Agents; Drug Therapy, Combination; Emergency Service, Hospital; Haloperidol; Humans; L

2022
Prospective study of haloperidol plus lorazepam versus droperidol plus midazolam for the treatment of acute agitation in the emergency department.
    The American journal of emergency medicine, 2022, Volume: 55

    Topics: Antipsychotic Agents; Droperidol; Emergency Service, Hospital; Haloperidol; Humans; Lorazepam; Midaz

2022
Efficacy of Combination Haloperidol, Lorazepam, and Diphenhydramine vs. Combination Haloperidol and Lorazepam in the Treatment of Acute Agitation: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study.
    The Journal of emergency medicine, 2022, Volume: 62, Issue:4

    Topics: Adult; Antipsychotic Agents; Diphenhydramine; Haloperidol; Humans; Hypotension; Lorazepam; Muscarini

2022
Comparison of Droperidol and Midazolam Versus Haloperidol and Lorazepam for Acute Agitation Management in the Emergency Department.
    The Annals of pharmacotherapy, 2023, Volume: 57, Issue:12

    Topics: Antipsychotic Agents; Droperidol; Emergency Service, Hospital; Haloperidol; Humans; Injections, Intr

2023
Brief psychotic disorder with delusion content related to the COVID-19 outbreak.
    Psychiatrike = Psychiatriki, 2021, Apr-19, Volume: 32, Issue:1

    Topics: Adult; Aggression; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Antipsychotic Agents; COVID-19; Delusions; Humans; Involunta

2021
Paradoxical reaction to benzodiazepines in elderly - Case series.
    Asian journal of psychiatry, 2018, Volume: 35

    Topics: Aged; Aggression; Benzodiazepines; Clonazepam; GABA Modulators; Humans; Lorazepam; Male; Psychomotor

2018
Study Enrollment When "Preconsent" Is Utilized for a Randomized Clinical Trial of Two Treatments for Acute Agitation in the Emergency Department.
    Academic emergency medicine : official journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine, 2019, Volume: 26, Issue:5

    Topics: Adult; Antipsychotic Agents; Bipolar Disorder; Emergency Service, Hospital; Ethics, Research; Female

2019
Intranasal Lorazepam for Treatment of Severe Agitation in a Pediatric Behavioral Health Patient in the Emergency Department.
    Annals of emergency medicine, 2020, Volume: 75, Issue:1

    Topics: Administration, Intranasal; Anxiety; Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders; Child; Dos

2020
Prevalence and associations of potentially inappropriate prescriptions in Austrian nursing home residents: secondary analysis of a cross-sectional study.
    Wiener klinische Wochenschrift, 2013, Volume: 125, Issue:7-8

    Topics: Adult; Age Distribution; Aged; Austria; Cognition Disorders; Comorbidity; Cross-Sectional Studies; D

2013
Haloperidol overdosing in the treatment of agitated hospitalized older people with delirium: a retrospective chart review from a community teaching hospital.
    Drugs & aging, 2013, Volume: 30, Issue:8

    Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Aging; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Delirium; Dopamine Antagonists; Dose-Response R

2013
Agitation after minor trauma: combativeness as a cardinal catatonic feature.
    BMJ case reports, 2013, Jun-03, Volume: 2013

    Topics: Catatonia; Diagnosis, Differential; Electroencephalography; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives;

2013
Stability of intraocular pressure after retinal reattachment surgery during electroconvulsive therapy for intractable self-injury in a 12-year-old autistic boy.
    The journal of ECT, 2014, Volume: 30, Issue:1

    Topics: Aggression; Anticonvulsants; Antipsychotic Agents; Autistic Disorder; Child; Electroconvulsive Thera

2014
Quetiapine reduces irritability and risk of suicide in patients with agitated depression.
    The Tokai journal of experimental and clinical medicine, 2013, Jul-20, Volume: 38, Issue:2

    Topics: Antipsychotic Agents; Anxiety; Depression; Dibenzothiazepines; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Hu

2013
Acute Methylenedioxypyrovalerone Toxicity.
    Journal of medical toxicology : official journal of the American College of Medical Toxicology, 2015, Volume: 11, Issue:2

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Alkaloids; Benzodioxoles; Diagnosis, Dual (Psychiatry); Female; Huma

2015
Discontinuing the Use of PRN Intramuscular Medication for Agitation in an Acute Psychiatric Hospital.
    The Psychiatric quarterly, 2016, Volume: 87, Issue:1

    Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Diphenhydramine; Drug Utilization; Female; Haloperidol; Hospitals, Psyc

2016
Early percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube dislodgment.
    The American journal of nursing, 2015, Volume: 115, Issue:6

    Topics: Accidents, Traffic; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Craniotomy; Enteral Nutrition; Equipment Failure Analysis;

2015
Look again at psychedelic drugs.
    Nursing standard (Royal College of Nursing (Great Britain) : 1987), 2016, Jun-29, Volume: 30, Issue:44

    Topics: Anxiety; Delirium; Depression; Diazepam; Hallucinogens; Haloperidol; Humans; Lorazepam; Midazolam; P

2016
Valproate for agitation in critically ill patients: A retrospective study.
    Journal of critical care, 2017, Volume: 37

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Analgesics, Opioid; Critical Illness; Delirium; Dexmedetomidine; Female; Fentanyl; GABA

2017
"Stat" medication administration predicts hospital discharge.
    The Psychiatric quarterly, 2009, Volume: 80, Issue:2

    Topics: Adult; Antipsychotic Agents; Drug Prescriptions; Female; Hospitals, Psychiatric; Humans; Hypnotics a

2009
You're the flight surgeon: a psychiatric patient in a combat zone.
    Aviation, space, and environmental medicine, 2009, Volume: 80, Issue:8

    Topics: Adult; Air Ambulances; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Bipolar Disorder; Humans; Iraq War, 2003-2011; Lorazepam

2009
An intoxicated man with facial trauma.
    Internal and emergency medicine, 2010, Volume: 5, Issue:2

    Topics: Aggression; Alcoholic Intoxication; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Antipsychotic Agents; Emergency Medical Ser

2010
Droperidol use in pediatric emergency department patients.
    Pediatric emergency care, 2010, Volume: 26, Issue:4

    Topics: Adjuvants, Anesthesia; Adolescent; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Antiemetics; Central Nervous System Depressa

2010
A new clinical protocol for the pharmacological management of acute behavioural disturbance.
    Australasian psychiatry : bulletin of Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists, 2011, Volume: 19, Issue:5

    Topics: Administration, Oral; Antipsychotic Agents; Benzodiazepines; Clinical Protocols; Humans; Injections,

2011
Bispectral index values, sedation-agitation scores, and plasma Lorazepam concentrations in critically ill surgical patients.
    American journal of critical care : an official publication, American Association of Critical-Care Nurses, 2012, Volume: 21, Issue:2

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Conscious Sedation; Consciousness Monitors; Critical Illness; Electromyography; Female;

2012
Dexmedetomidine for transport of a spontaneously breathing combative child.
    Pediatrics, 2012, Volume: 130, Issue:3

    Topics: Child, Preschool; Dexmedetomidine; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Lorazepam; Male; Mental Disorder

2012
Dexmedetomidine to facilitate drug withdrawal.
    Anesthesiology, 2003, Volume: 98, Issue:2

    Topics: Alcohol Drinking; Blood Pressure; Cocaine-Related Disorders; Dexmedetomidine; Female; Heart Rate; Hu

2003
Agitation by sedation.
    Lancet (London, England), 2003, Jan-25, Volume: 361, Issue:9354

    Topics: Alcoholism; Antidotes; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; Ethylene Glycol; Female; Fomepizole; Humans; Hypno

2003
Prolonged dexmedetomidine infusion as an adjunct in treating sedation-induced withdrawal.
    Anesthesia and analgesia, 2003, Volume: 96, Issue:4

    Topics: Acinetobacter Infections; Adult; Analgesics, Opioid; Dexmedetomidine; Fentanyl; Humans; Hypnotics an

2003
An unusual case of subterfuge in the emergency department: covert administration of antipsychotic and anxiolytic medications to control an agitated patient.
    Annals of emergency medicine, 2006, Volume: 47, Issue:1

    Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Antipsychotic Agents; Beverages; Bipolar Disorder;

2006
Revisiting cycloid psychosis: a case of an acute, transient and recurring psychotic disorder.
    Schizophrenia research, 2006, Feb-28, Volume: 82, Issue:2-3

    Topics: Acute Disease; Aged; Benzodiazepines; Cognition Disorders; Delusions; Diagnosis, Differential; Diagn

2006
Naturalistic study of intramuscular ziprasidone versus conventional agents in agitated elderly patients: retrospective findings from a psychiatric emergency service.
    The American journal of geriatric pharmacotherapy, 2005, Volume: 3, Issue:4

    Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Antipsychotic Agents; Databases, Factual; Emergency Medical Services; Emerg

2005
Medicating "Margaret".
    The Journal of clinical ethics, 2006,Winter, Volume: 17, Issue:4

    Topics: Advance Directives; Alzheimer Disease; Analgesics, Opioid; Antipsychotic Agents; Electroconvulsive T

2006
Intramuscular aripiprazole in the control of agitation.
    Journal of psychiatric practice, 2007, Volume: 13, Issue:3

    Topics: Adult; Antipsychotic Agents; Aripiprazole; Arousal; Bipolar Disorder; Dose-Response Relationship, Dr

2007
Multiple medication use presenting as Parkinson's dementia complex: a message from Titanic.
    Journal of psychiatric practice, 2008, Volume: 14, Issue:1

    Topics: Aged; Anti-Infective Agents; Antiparkinson Agents; Antipsychotic Agents; Bacteriuria; Ciprofloxacin;

2008
Fasciculations after rattlesnake envenomations: a retrospective statewide poison control system study.
    Clinical toxicology (Philadelphia, Pa.), 2008, Volume: 46, Issue:2

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Animals; Antivenins; Anxiety; California; Child; Child, Preschool; Crotalus; Data

2008
Robert Salter: attempted suicide by jumping from a high bridge.
    Suicide & life-threatening behavior, 1998,Summer, Volume: 28, Issue:2

    Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Antidepressive Agents; Denial, Psychological; Diagnosis, Dif

1998
Frequency, severity, and treatment of agitation in young versus elderly patients in the ICU.
    Pharmacotherapy, 2000, Volume: 20, Issue:1

    Topics: Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Analgesics, Opioid; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Antipsychotic Agents; APACHE; Coh

2000
Evaluating the usage of droperidol in acutely agitated persons with brain injury.
    Brain injury, 2000, Volume: 14, Issue:3

    Topics: Adult; Antipsychotic Agents; Brain Injuries; Diphenhydramine; Droperidol; Female; Haloperidol; Human

2000
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome precipitated by promethazine and lorazepam.
    The Australian and New Zealand journal of psychiatry, 2001, Volume: 35, Issue:2

    Topics: Adolescent; Anticonvulsants; Antipsychotic Agents; Basal Ganglia Diseases; Histamine H1 Antagonists;

2001
Risperidone liquid concentrate and oral lorazepam versus intramuscular haloperidol and intramuscular lorazepam for treatment of psychotic agitation.
    The Journal of clinical psychiatry, 2001, Volume: 62, Issue:3

    Topics: Acute Disease; Administration, Oral; Adult; Antipsychotic Agents; Drug Therapy, Combination; Emergen

2001
Failed challenge with quetiapine after neuroleptic malignant syndrome with conventional antipsychotics.
    Pharmacotherapy, 2001, Volume: 21, Issue:8

    Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Antipsychotic Agents; Chlorpromazine; Dibenzothiazepines; Haloperidol; Humans; Hy

2001
Disinhibition after lorazepam augmentation of antipsychotic medication.
    The American journal of psychiatry, 1991, Volume: 148, Issue:8

    Topics: Adult; Aggression; Antipsychotic Agents; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Therapy, Combination

1991
Cocaine intoxication in a 12 month-old.
    Journal of the Mississippi State Medical Association, 1991, Volume: 32, Issue:6

    Topics: Akathisia, Drug-Induced; Cocaine; Fluid Therapy; Humans; Infant; Lorazepam; Male; Poisoning; Psychom

1991
Lorazepam and anticholinergics in tardive akathisia.
    Biological psychiatry, 1990, Feb-15, Volume: 27, Issue:4

    Topics: Adult; Akathisia, Drug-Induced; Antipsychotic Agents; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Lor

1990
Benzodiazepine withdrawal syndrome after a benzodiazepine antagonist.
    Critical care medicine, 1990, Volume: 18, Issue:12

    Topics: Adolescent; Akathisia, Drug-Induced; Diazepam; Drug Overdose; Flumazenil; Humans; Injections, Intrav

1990
Lorazepam in the treatment of lithium-induced akathisia.
    Journal of clinical psychopharmacology, 1989, Volume: 9, Issue:1

    Topics: Akathisia, Drug-Induced; Bipolar Disorder; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Lithium; Lithium Carbo

1989
Propranolol and clonidine in detoxification.
    The American journal of psychiatry, 1988, Volume: 145, Issue:10

    Topics: Clonidine; Humans; Lorazepam; Methadone; Opioid-Related Disorders; Propranolol; Psychomotor Agitatio

1988
Lorazepam and manic agitation.
    The American journal of psychiatry, 1986, Volume: 143, Issue:9

    Topics: Adult; Bipolar Disorder; Humans; Lorazepam; Male; Myocardial Infarction; Psychomotor Agitation

1986
Lorazepam for the treatment of psychotic agitation.
    The American journal of psychiatry, 1986, Volume: 143, Issue:9

    Topics: Adult; Aggression; Humans; Injections, Intramuscular; Lorazepam; Male; Psychomotor Agitation; Schizo

1986
Further experience and observations with lorazepam in the management of behavioral agitation.
    Journal of clinical psychopharmacology, 1986, Volume: 6, Issue:6

    Topics: Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Humans; Lorazepam; Psychomotor Agitation; Referral and Consultatio

1986
Benzodiazepines combined with neuroleptics for management of severe disruptive behavior.
    Psychosomatics, 1986, Volume: 27, Issue:1 Suppl

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Dangerous Behavior; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Haloperidol; Hospita

1986
Alternative approaches in the treatment of psychotic agitation.
    Psychosomatics, 1986, Volume: 27, Issue:1 Suppl

    Topics: Combined Modality Therapy; Haloperidol; Humans; Injections, Intramuscular; Lorazepam; Psychomotor Ag

1986
Acute treatment of manic agitation with lorazepam.
    Psychosomatics, 1986, Volume: 27, Issue:1 Suppl

    Topics: Acute Disease; Bipolar Disorder; Humans; Injections, Intramuscular; Lorazepam; Psychomotor Agitation

1986
Emergency treatment of acute psychosis, agitation, and anxiety.
    Hospital & community psychiatry, 1985, Volume: 36, Issue:4

    Topics: Anxiety Disorders; Diazepam; Droperidol; Emergencies; Haloperidol; Humans; Lorazepam; Panic; Propran

1985