Page last updated: 2024-10-30

lorazepam and Critical Illness

lorazepam has been researched along with Critical Illness in 35 studies

Lorazepam: A benzodiazepine used as an anti-anxiety agent with few side effects. It also has hypnotic, anticonvulsant, and considerable sedative properties and has been proposed as a preanesthetic agent.

Critical Illness: A disease or state in which death is possible or imminent.

Research Excerpts

ExcerptRelevanceReference
"The purpose of this report is to describe the use of flumazenil as a diagnostic aid in the differential diagnosis of coma in a patient with an inadvertent overdose of benzodiazepines."7.69Flumazenil as a diagnostic tool in the differential diagnosis of coma in a critically ill patient. ( McLachlan, RS; Sharpe, MD; Sprenger, H, 1994)
"Pharmacokinetic data were evaluated in 10 term neonates with seizures after intravenous administration of lorazepam, 0."7.68Pharmacokinetics of lorazepam in critically ill neonates with seizures. ( Kowalczyk, AL; Mangurten, HH; McDermott, CA; Metrick, S; Rodvold, KA; Schnitzler, ER, 1992)
"We hypothesized that higher plasma concentrations of lorazepam are associated with increased delirium risk, whereas higher plasma concentrations of dexmedetomidine are associated with reduced delirium risk."5.27Sedative Plasma Concentrations and Delirium Risk in Critical Illness. ( Ely, EW; Ferrell, BA; Girard, TD; Hughes, CG; Pandharipande, PP; Patel, MB; Scheinin, M; Shintani, AK; Stollings, JL; Thompson, JL; Wilkinson, GR, 2018)
" Serum propylene glycol concentrations were drawn at 48 hrs into the high-dose lorazepam infusion, and the presence of propylene glycol accumulation, as evidenced by a high anion gap (> or =15 mmol/L) metabolic acidosis with elevated osmol gap (> or =10 mOsm/L), was assessed at that time."5.11Relationship of continuous infusion lorazepam to serum propylene glycol concentration in critically ill adults. ( Arroliga, AC; Gonzales, JP; McCarthy, K; Shehab, N, 2004)
" Delirium and daily dosage of lorazepam are the factors independently associated to extremely severe REM sleep reduction."3.77Sleep disturbances in the critically ill patients: role of delirium and sedative agents. ( Bosma, K; Braghiroli, A; Locane, MD; Mascia, L; Ranieri, VM; Trompeo, AC; Vidi, Y, 2011)
"The purpose of this report is to describe the use of flumazenil as a diagnostic aid in the differential diagnosis of coma in a patient with an inadvertent overdose of benzodiazepines."3.69Flumazenil as a diagnostic tool in the differential diagnosis of coma in a critically ill patient. ( McLachlan, RS; Sharpe, MD; Sprenger, H, 1994)
"The benzodiazepine/morphine combination produced apnea and diminished respiratory effort in patients requiring sedation from 2 to 50 days, including those with hemodynamic instability, hepatic dysfunction, renal dysfunction, and sepsis."3.69A method to produce sedation in critically ill patients. ( Johnson, M; Watling, SM; Yanos, J, 1996)
"Pharmacokinetic data were evaluated in 10 term neonates with seizures after intravenous administration of lorazepam, 0."3.68Pharmacokinetics of lorazepam in critically ill neonates with seizures. ( Kowalczyk, AL; Mangurten, HH; McDermott, CA; Metrick, S; Rodvold, KA; Schnitzler, ER, 1992)
"The objective of the present investigation was to develop a population pharmacodynamic model for midazolam- and lorazepam-induced sedation upon long-term continuous infusion in critically ill patients."2.72Population pharmacodynamic modelling of lorazepam- and midazolam-induced sedation upon long-term continuous infusion in critically ill patients. ( Danhof, M; de Jongh, J; Strack van Schijndel, RM; Swart, EL; Thijs, LG; Zuideveld, KP, 2006)
" There were no significant differences in demographic variables, lorazepam dosage or other sedative therapy, or lorazepam serum concentrations between patients with withdrawal and those without withdrawal."2.72Withdrawal from lorazepam in critically ill children. ( Coleman, DM; Crowley, MR; Dominguez, KD; Katz, RW; Kelly, HW; Wilkins, DG, 2006)
" Population pharmacokinetic models were developed using the Non-Linear Mixed Effect Modelling (NONMEM) program."2.71Comparative population pharmacokinetics of lorazepam and midazolam during long-term continuous infusion in critically ill patients. ( Danhof, M; de Jongh, J; Strack van Schijndel, RM; Swart, EL; Thijs, LG; Zuideveld, KP, 2004)
" The mean number of dosage changes per day was 7."2.69Continuous infusions of lorazepam, midazolam, and propofol for sedation of the critically ill surgery trauma patient: a prospective, randomized comparison. ( Byrne, TK; McCollam, JS; Norcross, ED; O'Neil, MG; Reeves, ST, 1999)
"Midazolam-treated patients used significantly larger amounts of drug for similar levels of sedation and anxiolysis (14."2.68Lorazepam and midazolam in the intensive care unit: a randomized, prospective, multicenter study of hemodynamics, oxygen transport, efficacy, and cost. ( Boysen, PG; Cernaianu, AC; Cilley, JH; DelRossi, AJ; Flum, DR; Grosso, MA; Ross, SE; Vassilidze, TV, 1996)
"The pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters of many drugs are altered as a consequence of the pathophysiological changes associated with critical illness."2.58Altered Pharmacokinetics in Prolonged Infusions of Sedatives and Analgesics Among Adult Critically Ill Patients: A Systematic Review. ( Joynt, GM; Lee, A; Ling, L; Tse, AHW, 2018)
"The diagnosis and management of catatonia in the critically ill patient raises unique challenges."2.50Catatonia in the ICU: an important and underdiagnosed cause of altered mental status. a case series and review of the literature*. ( Berg, SM; Bittner, EA; Nejad, SH; Saddawi-Konefka, D, 2014)
"The prognosis of CCI patients with coma or delirium has not yet been thoroughly studied, but preliminary studies suggest this population is at high risk for detrimental outcomes associated with acute brain dysfunction."2.48Brain dysfunction in patients with chronic critical illness. ( Girard, TD, 2012)
"Propofol has superior value compared with lorazepam when used for sedation among the critically ill who require mechanical ventilation when used in the setting of daily sedative interruption."2.44Economic evaluation of propofol and lorazepam for critically ill patients undergoing mechanical ventilation. ( Campbell-Bright, S; Carson, SS; Cox, CE; Govert, JA; Kress, JP; Reed, SD; Rodgers, JE, 2008)
" A protocol incorporating SAS scoring and symptom-triggered benzodiazepine dosing was implemented in place of a protocol that utilized the Clinical Institute Withdrawal Assessment for Alcohol (CIWA-Ar) scale and fixed benzodiazepine dosing."1.46A Symptom-Triggered Benzodiazepine Protocol Utilizing SAS and CIWA-Ar Scoring for the Treatment of Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome in the Critically Ill. ( Dargin, J; Gray, A; Grgurich, P; Lei, Y; Sen, S; Smith-Freedman, A; Tulolo, A, 2017)
" The most common diazepam dosage was 10 mg every 6 hours, and individual doses ranged from 5 to 30 mg."1.37Diazepam as a component of goal-directed sedation in critically ill trauma patients. ( Birrer, KL; Cheatham, ML; Dasta, JF; Gesin, G; Kane-Gill, SL; Kolnik, LJ, 2011)
"Propylene glycol accumulation was defined as concentrations of 25 mg/dL or more."1.35Propylene glycol accumulation in critically ill patients receiving continuous intravenous lorazepam infusions. ( Fish, DN; Horinek, EL; Kiser, TH; MacLaren, R, 2009)
"Propofol was least costly in 86% of the short-term simulations, midazolam was least costly in 97."1.33Pharmacoeconomic modeling of lorazepam, midazolam, and propofol for continuous sedation in critically ill patients. ( MacLaren, R; Sullivan, PW, 2005)
"Midazolam was successfully discontinued in 24 (80%) patients in 3 days (median), and adequate and appropriate sedation was maintained with lorazepam monotherapy."1.30A cost analysis of enterally administered lorazepam in the pediatric intensive care unit. ( Cash, J; Chester, EA; Grant, MJ; Lugo, RA; Vernon, DD, 1999)
"In critically ill patients in respiratory failure, neuromuscular paralysis decreased whole body oxygen consumption and increased pHi."1.29The effects of neuromuscular paralysis on systemic and splanchnic oxygen utilization in mechanically ventilated patients. ( Kaufman, D; Marik, PE, 1996)

Research

Studies (35)

TimeframeStudies, this research(%)All Research%
pre-19900 (0.00)18.7374
1990's8 (22.86)18.2507
2000's11 (31.43)29.6817
2010's14 (40.00)24.3611
2020's2 (5.71)2.80

Authors

AuthorsStudies
Shudofsky, KN1
Janssen, PKC1
Foudraine, N1
le Noble, JLML1
Wang, K1
Zhang, Z1
Yu, M1
Tao, Y1
Xie, M1
Stollings, JL1
Thompson, JL1
Ferrell, BA1
Scheinin, M1
Wilkinson, GR1
Hughes, CG1
Shintani, AK1
Ely, EW1
Girard, TD2
Pandharipande, PP1
Patel, MB1
Tse, AHW1
Ling, L1
Lee, A1
Joynt, GM1
Mistraletti, G1
Mantovani, ES1
Cadringher, P1
Cerri, B1
Corbella, D1
Umbrello, M1
Anania, S1
Andrighi, E1
Barello, S1
Di Carlo, A1
Martinetti, F1
Formenti, P1
Spanu, P1
Iapichino, G1
Saddawi-Konefka, D1
Berg, SM1
Nejad, SH1
Bittner, EA1
Chen, K1
Lu, Z1
Xin, YC1
Cai, Y1
Chen, Y1
Pan, SM1
Haddad, SH1
Gonzales, CB1
Deeb, AM1
Tamim, HM1
AlDawood, AS1
Al Babtain, I1
Naidu, BS1
Arabi, YM1
Stewart, R1
Perez, R1
Musial, B1
Lukens, C1
Adjepong, YA1
Manthous, CA1
Gagnon, DJ1
Fontaine, GV1
Smith, KE1
Riker, RR1
Miller, RR1
Lerwick, PA1
Lucas, FL1
Dziodzio, JT1
Sihler, KC1
Fraser, GL1
Sen, S1
Grgurich, P1
Tulolo, A1
Smith-Freedman, A1
Lei, Y1
Gray, A1
Dargin, J1
Horinek, EL1
Kiser, TH1
Fish, DN1
MacLaren, R2
Kress, JP2
Gesin, G1
Kane-Gill, SL1
Dasta, JF2
Birrer, KL1
Kolnik, LJ1
Cheatham, ML1
Trompeo, AC1
Vidi, Y1
Locane, MD1
Braghiroli, A1
Mascia, L1
Bosma, K1
Ranieri, VM1
LeBlanc, JM1
Pruchnicki, MC1
Gerlach, A1
Cook, C1
Swart, EL2
Zuideveld, KP2
de Jongh, J2
Danhof, M2
Thijs, LG2
Strack van Schijndel, RM2
Arroliga, AC1
Shehab, N1
McCarthy, K1
Gonzales, JP1
Jacobi, J1
Bouchard, NC1
Fulton, JA1
Hoffman, RS1
Sullivan, PW1
Dominguez, KD1
Crowley, MR1
Coleman, DM1
Katz, RW1
Wilkins, DG1
Kelly, HW1
Cox, CE1
Reed, SD1
Govert, JA1
Rodgers, JE1
Campbell-Bright, S1
Carson, SS1
Sprenger, H1
Sharpe, MD1
McLachlan, RS1
Cernaianu, AC1
DelRossi, AJ1
Flum, DR1
Vassilidze, TV1
Ross, SE1
Cilley, JH1
Grosso, MA1
Boysen, PG1
Marik, PE1
Kaufman, D1
Watling, SM1
Johnson, M1
Yanos, J1
Schulman, SR1
Lugo, RA1
Chester, EA1
Cash, J1
Grant, MJ1
Vernon, DD1
McCollam, JS1
O'Neil, MG1
Norcross, ED1
Byrne, TK1
Reeves, ST1
Buczko, GB1
Maze, M1
Scarfini, C1
Cavaliere, F1
McDermott, CA1
Kowalczyk, AL1
Schnitzler, ER1
Mangurten, HH1
Rodvold, KA1
Metrick, S1

Clinical Trials (9)

Trial Overview

TrialPhaseEnrollmentStudy TypeStart DateStatus
A Randomized, Double-blind Trial in Ventilated ICU Patients Comparing Treatment With an Alpha2 Agonist Versus a Gamma Aminobutyric Acid (GABA)-Agonist to Determine Delirium Rates, Efficacy of Sedation, Analgesia and Discharge Cognitive Status[NCT00095251]Phase 2100 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2004-08-31Completed
Multicentric, Single Blind, Randomized Controlled Trial on Enteral Sedation Versus Intravenous Sedation in Critically Ill High-risk ICU Patients[NCT01360346]Phase 3300 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2012-01-31Recruiting
The Use of Transcranial Focused Ultrasound for the Treatment of Neurodegenerative Dementias[NCT04250376]100 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2017-11-27Enrolling by invitation
Lymphatic System Health in Alzheimer's Disease[NCT04205539]Phase 10 participants (Actual)Interventional2021-12-10Withdrawn (stopped due to Pending COVID-19 pandemic)
Impact of Night-time Dexmedetomidine-esketamine Infusion on Sleep Quality of Patients With Mechanical Ventilation in ICU: a Randomized Controlled Trial[NCT05718024]Phase 4174 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2023-12-31Not yet recruiting
Impact of Dexmedetomidine Supplemented Analgesia on Sleep Quality in Elderly Patients After Major Surgery: A Randomized, Double-blind, and Placebo-controlled Pilot Study[NCT03117790]Phase 4118 participants (Actual)Interventional2017-06-26Completed
Impact of Low-Dose Dexmedetomidine on Sleep Quality in Mechanical Ventilation Patients After Surgery in Intensive Care Unit: a Pilot Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial[NCT03335527]Phase 480 participants (Actual)Interventional2017-11-17Completed
Sedation Administration Timing: Intermittent Dosing Reduces Time to Extubation (SATIRE Trial): A Prospective, Randomized Cohort Study[NCT03181620]200 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2016-09-08Recruiting
Recovery Profiles After c Spine Surgery: With or Without Dexmedetomidine as an Anesthetic Adjuvant[NCT02819089]100 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2016-05-31Recruiting
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

Reviews

7 reviews available for lorazepam and Critical Illness

ArticleYear
Altered Pharmacokinetics in Prolonged Infusions of Sedatives and Analgesics Among Adult Critically Ill Patients: A Systematic Review.
    Clinical therapeutics, 2018, Volume: 40, Issue:9

    Topics: Adult; Analgesics; Critical Illness; Dexmedetomidine; Fentanyl; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Inf

2018
Catatonia in the ICU: an important and underdiagnosed cause of altered mental status. a case series and review of the literature*.
    Critical care medicine, 2014, Volume: 42, Issue:3

    Topics: Adolescent; Aged; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Blood Chemical Analysis; Catatonia; Critical Illness; Early D

2014
Alpha-2 agonists for long-term sedation during mechanical ventilation in critically ill patients.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2015, Jan-06, Volume: 1

    Topics: Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists; Adult; Bradycardia; Clonidine; Conscious Sedation; Critical Il

2015
Alpha-2 agonists for long-term sedation during mechanical ventilation in critically ill patients.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2015, Jan-06, Volume: 1

    Topics: Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists; Adult; Bradycardia; Clonidine; Conscious Sedation; Critical Il

2015
Alpha-2 agonists for long-term sedation during mechanical ventilation in critically ill patients.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2015, Jan-06, Volume: 1

    Topics: Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists; Adult; Bradycardia; Clonidine; Conscious Sedation; Critical Il

2015
Alpha-2 agonists for long-term sedation during mechanical ventilation in critically ill patients.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2015, Jan-06, Volume: 1

    Topics: Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists; Adult; Bradycardia; Clonidine; Conscious Sedation; Critical Il

2015
Brain dysfunction in patients with chronic critical illness.
    Respiratory care, 2012, Volume: 57, Issue:6

    Topics: Antipsychotic Agents; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity; Chronic Disease; Coma; Comorbid

2012
Economic evaluation of propofol and lorazepam for critically ill patients undergoing mechanical ventilation.
    Critical care medicine, 2008, Volume: 36, Issue:3

    Topics: Cost-Benefit Analysis; Critical Illness; Decision Trees; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Lorazepam;

2008
Sedation in critically ill patients: a review.
    Medicine and health, Rhode Island, 2001, Volume: 84, Issue:10

    Topics: Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Analgesics; Critical Illness; Electroencephalography; Humans; Hypnotics an

2001
New agents for sedation in the intensive care unit.
    Critical care clinics, 2001, Volume: 17, Issue:4

    Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Critical Illness; Dexmedetomidine; Humans; Hypnotics

2001
New agents for sedation in the intensive care unit.
    Critical care clinics, 2001, Volume: 17, Issue:4

    Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Critical Illness; Dexmedetomidine; Humans; Hypnotics

2001
New agents for sedation in the intensive care unit.
    Critical care clinics, 2001, Volume: 17, Issue:4

    Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Critical Illness; Dexmedetomidine; Humans; Hypnotics

2001
New agents for sedation in the intensive care unit.
    Critical care clinics, 2001, Volume: 17, Issue:4

    Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Critical Illness; Dexmedetomidine; Humans; Hypnotics

2001

Trials

8 trials available for lorazepam and Critical Illness

ArticleYear
Sedative Plasma Concentrations and Delirium Risk in Critical Illness.
    The Annals of pharmacotherapy, 2018, Volume: 52, Issue:6

    Topics: Aged; Critical Illness; Delirium; Dexmedetomidine; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Intensiv

2018
Enteral vs. intravenous ICU sedation management: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.
    Trials, 2013, Apr-03, Volume: 14

    Topics: Administration, Oral; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Clinical Protocols; Computer-Assisted Instruction; C

2013
Comparative population pharmacokinetics of lorazepam and midazolam during long-term continuous infusion in critically ill patients.
    British journal of clinical pharmacology, 2004, Volume: 57, Issue:2

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Critical Illness; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedative

2004
Relationship of continuous infusion lorazepam to serum propylene glycol concentration in critically ill adults.
    Critical care medicine, 2004, Volume: 32, Issue:8

    Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Acidosis; Adult; Critical Illness; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female;

2004
Population pharmacodynamic modelling of lorazepam- and midazolam-induced sedation upon long-term continuous infusion in critically ill patients.
    European journal of clinical pharmacology, 2006, Volume: 62, Issue:3

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Algorithms; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Conscious Sedation

2006
Withdrawal from lorazepam in critically ill children.
    The Annals of pharmacotherapy, 2006, Volume: 40, Issue:6

    Topics: Child, Preschool; Critical Illness; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Endpoint Determination; Female

2006
Lorazepam and midazolam in the intensive care unit: a randomized, prospective, multicenter study of hemodynamics, oxygen transport, efficacy, and cost.
    Critical care medicine, 1996, Volume: 24, Issue:2

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Critical Ill

1996
Continuous infusions of lorazepam, midazolam, and propofol for sedation of the critically ill surgery trauma patient: a prospective, randomized comparison.
    Critical care medicine, 1999, Volume: 27, Issue:11

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Conscious Sedation; Costs and Cost Analysis; Critical Illness; Drug Costs;

1999

Other Studies

20 other studies available for lorazepam and Critical Illness

ArticleYear
Clearance of Lormetazepam, Midazolam, and Their Conjugated Metabolites by Continuous Venovenous Hemofiltration During Prolonged Sedation in Critically Ill Patients With COVID-19-Associated Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome.
    Journal of clinical pharmacology, 2022, Volume: 62, Issue:4

    Topics: Aged; Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy; COVID-19; COVID-19 Drug Treatment; Critical Illness; Dee

2022
15-day mortality and associated risk factors for hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: an ambispective observational cohort study.
    Intensive care medicine, 2020, Volume: 46, Issue:7

    Topics: Age Factors; Aged; Betacoronavirus; China; Coronavirus Infections; COVID-19; Critical Illness; Drug

2020
Computerized physician order entry of a sedation protocol is not associated with improved sedation practice or outcomes in critically ill patients.
    BMC anesthesiology, 2015, Dec-07, Volume: 15

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Analgesics; Cohort Studies; Critical Illness; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female;

2015
Outcomes of Patients with Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome Treated with High-Dose Sedatives and Deferred Intubation.
    Annals of the American Thoracic Society, 2016, Volume: 13, Issue:2

    Topics: Adult; Alcohol Withdrawal Seizures; APACHE; Central Nervous System Depressants; Cohort Studies; Crit

2016
Valproate for agitation in critically ill patients: A retrospective study.
    Journal of critical care, 2017, Volume: 37

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Analgesics, Opioid; Critical Illness; Delirium; Dexmedetomidine; Female; Fentanyl; GABA

2017
A Symptom-Triggered Benzodiazepine Protocol Utilizing SAS and CIWA-Ar Scoring for the Treatment of Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome in the Critically Ill.
    The Annals of pharmacotherapy, 2017, Volume: 51, Issue:2

    Topics: Adult; Benzodiazepines; Clinical Protocols; Critical Illness; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug

2017
Propylene glycol accumulation in critically ill patients receiving continuous intravenous lorazepam infusions.
    The Annals of pharmacotherapy, 2009, Volume: 43, Issue:12

    Topics: Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Critical Illness; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Humans; Hypnot

2009
The complex interplay between delirium, sepsis and sedation.
    Critical care (London, England), 2010, Volume: 14, Issue:3

    Topics: Brain; Critical Illness; Delirium; Dexmedetomidine; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Intensive Care

2010
Diazepam as a component of goal-directed sedation in critically ill trauma patients.
    Journal of critical care, 2011, Volume: 26, Issue:2

    Topics: Adult; APACHE; Critical Illness; Diazepam; Drug Interactions; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Hum

2011
Sleep disturbances in the critically ill patients: role of delirium and sedative agents.
    Minerva anestesiologica, 2011, Volume: 77, Issue:6

    Topics: Aged; Critical Illness; Delirium; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Lorazepam; Male; Middle A

2011
Sleep disturbances in the critically ill patients: role of delirium and sedative agents.
    Minerva anestesiologica, 2011, Volume: 77, Issue:6

    Topics: Aged; Critical Illness; Delirium; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Lorazepam; Male; Middle A

2011
Sleep disturbances in the critically ill patients: role of delirium and sedative agents.
    Minerva anestesiologica, 2011, Volume: 77, Issue:6

    Topics: Aged; Critical Illness; Delirium; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Lorazepam; Male; Middle A

2011
Sleep disturbances in the critically ill patients: role of delirium and sedative agents.
    Minerva anestesiologica, 2011, Volume: 77, Issue:6

    Topics: Aged; Critical Illness; Delirium; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Lorazepam; Male; Middle A

2011
Sleep disturbances in the critically ill patients: role of delirium and sedative agents.
    Minerva anestesiologica, 2011, Volume: 77, Issue:6

    Topics: Aged; Critical Illness; Delirium; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Lorazepam; Male; Middle A

2011
Sleep disturbances in the critically ill patients: role of delirium and sedative agents.
    Minerva anestesiologica, 2011, Volume: 77, Issue:6

    Topics: Aged; Critical Illness; Delirium; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Lorazepam; Male; Middle A

2011
Sleep disturbances in the critically ill patients: role of delirium and sedative agents.
    Minerva anestesiologica, 2011, Volume: 77, Issue:6

    Topics: Aged; Critical Illness; Delirium; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Lorazepam; Male; Middle A

2011
Sleep disturbances in the critically ill patients: role of delirium and sedative agents.
    Minerva anestesiologica, 2011, Volume: 77, Issue:6

    Topics: Aged; Critical Illness; Delirium; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Lorazepam; Male; Middle A

2011
Sleep disturbances in the critically ill patients: role of delirium and sedative agents.
    Minerva anestesiologica, 2011, Volume: 77, Issue:6

    Topics: Aged; Critical Illness; Delirium; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Lorazepam; Male; Middle A

2011
Bispectral index values, sedation-agitation scores, and plasma Lorazepam concentrations in critically ill surgical patients.
    American journal of critical care : an official publication, American Association of Critical-Care Nurses, 2012, Volume: 21, Issue:2

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Conscious Sedation; Consciousness Monitors; Critical Illness; Electromyography; Female;

2012
Medication vehicle injury--using the proper restraint?
    Critical care medicine, 2004, Volume: 32, Issue:8

    Topics: Critical Illness; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Monitoring; Drug Therapy, Combination; Huma

2004
Propylene glycol accumulation after high-dose lorazepam: what have we learned?
    Critical care medicine, 2005, Volume: 33, Issue:2

    Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Acidosis; Critical Illness; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Infusions, Intra

2005
Pharmacoeconomic modeling of lorazepam, midazolam, and propofol for continuous sedation in critically ill patients.
    Pharmacotherapy, 2005, Volume: 25, Issue:10

    Topics: Costs and Cost Analysis; Critical Illness; Decision Support Techniques; Economics, Pharmaceutical; H

2005
Flumazenil as a diagnostic tool in the differential diagnosis of coma in a critically ill patient.
    Canadian journal of anaesthesia = Journal canadien d'anesthesie, 1994, Volume: 41, Issue:1

    Topics: Aged; Bacterial Infections; Coma; Critical Illness; Diagnosis, Differential; Diazepam; Flumazenil; H

1994
The effects of neuromuscular paralysis on systemic and splanchnic oxygen utilization in mechanically ventilated patients.
    Chest, 1996, Volume: 109, Issue:4

    Topics: Aged; Analgesics, Opioid; APACHE; Carbon Dioxide; Cardiac Output; Critical Illness; Female; Hemodyna

1996
A method to produce sedation in critically ill patients.
    The Annals of pharmacotherapy, 1996, Volume: 30, Issue:11

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Analgesics, Opioid; Anti-Anxiety Agents; APACHE; Apnea; Child; Conscious Sedation

1996
A cost analysis of enterally administered lorazepam in the pediatric intensive care unit "out of the orphanage".
    Critical care medicine, 1999, Volume: 27, Issue:2

    Topics: Child; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Critical Illness; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Intensive Care Unit

1999
A cost analysis of enterally administered lorazepam in the pediatric intensive care unit.
    Critical care medicine, 1999, Volume: 27, Issue:2

    Topics: Child; Child, Preschool; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Critical Illness; Drug Costs; Female; Hospital Costs

1999
Pharmacokinetics of lorazepam in critically ill neonates with seizures.
    The Journal of pediatrics, 1992, Volume: 120, Issue:3

    Topics: Critical Illness; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Injections, Intravenous; Lorazepam; Seizures

1992