loperamide has been researched along with Chemical Dependence in 43 studies
Loperamide: One of the long-acting synthetic ANTIDIARRHEALS; it is not significantly absorbed from the gut, and has no effect on the adrenergic system or central nervous system, but may antagonize histamine and interfere with acetylcholine release locally.
loperamide : A synthetic piperidine derivative, effective against diarrhoea resulting from gastroenteritis or inflammatory bowel disease.
| Excerpt | Relevance | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| "We present the case of a 14-year-old boy with obesity, hypertension, and chronic loperamide abuse who presented to our facility with symptoms of opioid withdrawal and type 1 Brugada pattern on an electrocardiogram." | 7.88 | Brugada Syndrome Associated With Adolescent Loperamide Abuse. ( Cohen, M; Stefek, B; Wolfe, LT, 2018) |
| "Cardiac depression induced by loperamide is enhanced by hyperglycemia due to higher MOR expression, which is associated with higher expression of STAT3 in the heart." | 7.85 | Loperamide-induced Cardiac Depression Is Enhanced by Hyperglycemia: Evidence Relevant to Loperamide Abuse. ( Cheng, JT; Cheng, YZ; Ku, PM; Lo, SH; Niu, CS; Niu, HS, 2017) |
| "We present the case of a 14-year-old boy with obesity, hypertension, and chronic loperamide abuse who presented to our facility with symptoms of opioid withdrawal and type 1 Brugada pattern on an electrocardiogram." | 3.88 | Brugada Syndrome Associated With Adolescent Loperamide Abuse. ( Cohen, M; Stefek, B; Wolfe, LT, 2018) |
| "Cardiac depression induced by loperamide is enhanced by hyperglycemia due to higher MOR expression, which is associated with higher expression of STAT3 in the heart." | 3.85 | Loperamide-induced Cardiac Depression Is Enhanced by Hyperglycemia: Evidence Relevant to Loperamide Abuse. ( Cheng, JT; Cheng, YZ; Ku, PM; Lo, SH; Niu, CS; Niu, HS, 2017) |
| "With the increasing amount of information available on the Internet describing techniques for using loperamide either for self-treatment of opioid withdrawal syndromes or for recreational use (so-called legal highs), the objective was to describe a statewide poison control system's experience with loperamide misuse and abuse, with specific interest in cases of cardiotoxicity, and to determine if reported loperamide misuse or abuse cases have recently increased." | 3.85 | Loperamide Trends in Abuse and Misuse Over 13 Years: 2002-2015. ( Cantrell, FL; Corbett, B; Koh, CH; Lasoff, DR; Minns, AB, 2017) |
| " Following treatment for hyperkalemia with calcium, insulin, dextrose, and hypertonic sodium bicarbonate a repeat ECG had a ventricular rate of 66/min, QRS 156 ms, and QT 576 ms." | 3.83 | Not your regular high: cardiac dysrhythmias caused by loperamide. ( Biary, R; Hoffman, RS; Howland, MA; Lugassy, D; Rice, B; Wightman, RS, 2016) |
| "In this observational case series, patients with cardiac arrhythmias or history of loperamide abuse with cardiac arrhythmias were identified; 5 patients were identified and 4 of the 5 patients were seen directly at the bedside." | 3.80 | Cardiac conduction disturbance after loperamide abuse. ( Hodgman, MJ; Holland, MG; Marraffa, JM; Morgan, BW; Oakes, JA; Sullivan, RW; Wiegand, TJ, 2014) |
| "Loperamide is a readily accessible nonprescription medication that is increasingly being used surreptitiously as an opioid substitute to alleviate the symptoms of acute opioid withdrawal." | 1.51 | Loperamide misuse to avoid opioid withdrawal and to achieve a euphoric effect: high doses and high risk. ( Alexander, A; Brent, J; Calello, DP; Campleman, S; Lee, VR; Nelson, LS; Ruck, B; Vera, A; Wax, P, 2019) |
| "Loperamide has been increasing in popularity recently for its effects separate from treatment of diarrhea." | 1.48 | Brugada-Type Pattern on Electrocardiogram Associated with High-Dose Loperamide Abuse. ( Brice, JA; Clark, RF; Sun, C, 2018) |
| "Loperamide is an over-the-counter anti-diarrheal medication that is inexpensive, easily accessible, and widely used." | 1.48 | Loperamide abuse cardiotoxicity. Should loperamide still be an over the counter medication? ( Idris, A; Kaye, K; Mihora, DC, 2018) |
| "Loperamide was used on its own in 41." | 1.48 | Is there such a thing as a 'lope' dope? Analysis of loperamide-related European Medicines Agency (EMA) pharmacovigilance database reports. ( Chiappini, S; Schifano, F, 2018) |
| "Loperamide is an over-the-counter antidiarrheal with μ-opioid agonist activity." | 1.46 | Loperamide Abuse Associated With Cardiac Dysrhythmia and Death. ( Clark, KH; Eggleston, W; Marraffa, JM, 2017) |
| "Loperamide abuse has been increasing in the United States as a potential alternative to manage opioid withdrawal symptoms or to achieve euphoric effects of opioid use." | 1.46 | Epidemiologic Trends in Loperamide Abuse and Misuse. ( Charlton, NP; Holstege, CP; Vakkalanka, JP, 2017) |
| "Loperamide is an over-the-counter antidiarrheal with opioid-receptor agonist properties." | 1.43 | Notes from the Field: Cardiac Dysrhythmias After Loperamide Abuse - New York, 2008-2016. ( Cummings, KR; Eggleston, W; Marraffa, JM; Mercurio-Zappala, M; Schier, JG; Stork, CM; Su, MK; Wightman, RS, 2016) |
| "Loperamide is a common over-the-counter antidiarrheal considered safe in a broad range of dosages and thought devoid of abuse potential." | 1.42 | Loperamide dependence and abuse. ( Heiner, J; MacDonald, R; Strote, J; Villarreal, J, 2015) |
| Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 9 (20.93) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 3 (6.98) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 0 (0.00) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 25 (58.14) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 6 (13.95) | 2.80 |
| Authors | Studies |
|---|---|
| Barakat, M | 1 |
| Akour, A | 1 |
| Malaeb, D | 1 |
| Cherri, S | 1 |
| Al Safadi, W | 1 |
| Al Safadi, A | 1 |
| Wazaify, M | 1 |
| Reinert, JP | 1 |
| Dunn, RL | 1 |
| Eggleston, W | 4 |
| Palmer, R | 1 |
| Dubé, PA | 1 |
| Thornton, S | 1 |
| Stolbach, A | 1 |
| Calello, DP | 2 |
| Marraffa, JM | 5 |
| Donnelly, SC | 1 |
| Fayyaz, S | 1 |
| Aqeel, M | 1 |
| Wasan, J | 1 |
| Levine, M | 1 |
| Lovecchio, F | 1 |
| Malinky, CA | 1 |
| Lindsley, CW | 1 |
| Han, C | 1 |
| Borron, SW | 1 |
| Watts, SH | 1 |
| Tull, J | 1 |
| Baeza, S | 1 |
| Diebold, S | 1 |
| Barrow, A | 1 |
| Lo, SH | 1 |
| Niu, HS | 1 |
| Cheng, YZ | 1 |
| Niu, CS | 1 |
| Cheng, JT | 1 |
| Ku, PM | 1 |
| Antoniou, T | 1 |
| Juurlink, DN | 1 |
| Heeren, N | 1 |
| Farver, D | 1 |
| Sun, C | 1 |
| Brice, JA | 1 |
| Clark, RF | 1 |
| Idris, A | 1 |
| Mihora, DC | 1 |
| Kaye, K | 1 |
| Throckmorton, DC | 1 |
| Gottlieb, S | 1 |
| Woodcock, J | 1 |
| Krieg, B | 1 |
| Stefek, B | 1 |
| Wolfe, LT | 1 |
| Cohen, M | 1 |
| Schifano, F | 1 |
| Chiappini, S | 1 |
| Lee, VR | 1 |
| Vera, A | 1 |
| Alexander, A | 1 |
| Ruck, B | 1 |
| Nelson, LS | 1 |
| Wax, P | 1 |
| Campleman, S | 1 |
| Brent, J | 1 |
| Holland, MG | 1 |
| Sullivan, RW | 1 |
| Morgan, BW | 1 |
| Oakes, JA | 1 |
| Wiegand, TJ | 1 |
| Hodgman, MJ | 1 |
| Nacca, N | 1 |
| MacDonald, R | 1 |
| Heiner, J | 1 |
| Villarreal, J | 1 |
| Strote, J | 1 |
| Enakpene, EO | 1 |
| Riaz, IB | 1 |
| Shirazi, FM | 1 |
| Raz, Y | 1 |
| Indik, JH | 1 |
| Dierksen, J | 1 |
| Gonsoulin, M | 1 |
| Walterscheid, JP | 1 |
| Lasoff, DR | 2 |
| Schneir, A | 1 |
| Hurtado-Torres, GF | 1 |
| Sandoval-Munro, RL | 1 |
| Wightman, RS | 2 |
| Hoffman, RS | 1 |
| Howland, MA | 1 |
| Rice, B | 1 |
| Biary, R | 1 |
| Lugassy, D | 1 |
| Clark, KH | 1 |
| Vakkalanka, JP | 1 |
| Charlton, NP | 1 |
| Holstege, CP | 1 |
| Stork, CM | 1 |
| Mercurio-Zappala, M | 1 |
| Su, MK | 1 |
| Cummings, KR | 1 |
| Schier, JG | 1 |
| Koh, CH | 1 |
| Corbett, B | 1 |
| Minns, AB | 1 |
| Cantrell, FL | 1 |
| Daniulaityte, R | 1 |
| Carlson, R | 1 |
| Falck, R | 1 |
| Cameron, D | 1 |
| Perera, S | 1 |
| Chen, L | 1 |
| Sheth, A | 1 |
| Gorodetzky, CW | 1 |
| Buchwald, WF | 1 |
| Cone, EJ | 1 |
| Darwin, WD | 1 |
| Pickworth, WB | 1 |
| Risner, ME | 1 |
| Sharpe, LG | 1 |
| Jaffe, JH | 2 |
| Kanzler, M | 2 |
| Green, J | 2 |
| Nakamura, H | 1 |
| Ishii, K | 1 |
| Yokoyama, Y | 1 |
| Motoyoshi, S | 1 |
| Suzuki, K | 1 |
| Sekine, Y | 1 |
| Hashimoto, M | 1 |
| Shimizu, M | 1 |
| Read, NW | 1 |
| Read, MG | 1 |
| Krejs, GJ | 1 |
| Hendler, RS | 1 |
| Davis, G | 1 |
| Fordtran, JS | 1 |
| Korey, A | 1 |
| Zilm, DH | 1 |
| Sellers, EM | 1 |
| Fletcher, P | 1 |
| Steffen, R | 1 |
| DuPont, H | 1 |
| Katz, JP | 1 |
| Sturmann, KM | 1 |
| Colpaert, FC | 1 |
| Yanagita, T | 1 |
| Miyasato, K | 1 |
| Sato, J | 1 |
| Mackerer, CR | 1 |
| Brougham, LR | 1 |
| East, PF | 1 |
| Bloss, JL | 1 |
| Dajani, EZ | 1 |
| Clay, GA | 1 |
| Hill, MA | 1 |
| Greason, FC | 1 |
5 reviews available for loperamide and Chemical Dependence
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Management of overdoses of loperamide, gabapentin, and modafinil: a literature review.
Topics: Drug Overdose; Emergency Treatment; Gabapentin; Humans; Loperamide; Modafinil; Substance-Related Dis | 2019 |
Loperamide toxicity: recommendations for patient monitoring and management.
Topics: Cardiotoxicity; Humans; Loperamide; Monitoring, Physiologic; Substance-Related Disorders | 2020 |
New Designer Drugs.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Buprenorphine; Cannabinoids; Designer Drugs; Drug Overdose; Fentanyl; Humans; Hy | 2021 |
DARK Classics in Chemical Neuroscience: Loperamide.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Antidiarrheals; Drug Overdose; Humans; Loperamide; Substance-Related Disorders | 2021 |
Discriminative stimulus properties of narcotic analgesic drugs.
Topics: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Analgesics, Opioid; Buprenorphine; Cues; Discrimination, Psychological; | 1978 |
2 trials available for loperamide and Chemical Dependence
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
"I just wanted to tell you that loperamide WILL WORK": a web-based study of extra-medical use of loperamide.
Topics: Advertising; Analgesics, Opioid; Humans; Internet; Loperamide; Opioid-Related Disorders; Self Care; | 2013 |
Abuse potential of loperamide.
Topics: Adult; Codeine; Humans; Loperamide; Male; Naloxone; Piperidines; Pupil; Substance-Related Disorders | 1980 |
36 other studies available for loperamide and Chemical Dependence
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Perspectives of and Experience toward the Abuse of Antidiarrheal Drug (Loperamide) among Community Pharmacists: A Cross-Sectional Study.
Topics: Antidiarrheals; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Humans; Loperamide; Male; Pharmacists; Substance-Re | 2023 |
Recreational drug use of over-the-counter (OTC) medication: loperamide and the opiate epidemic.
Topics: Humans; Loperamide; Nonprescription Drugs; Opioid Epidemic; Substance-Related Disorders | 2020 |
191. Loperamide abuse associated with cardiac dysrhythmia: case report.
Topics: Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Humans; Loperamide; Substance-Related Disorders | 2020 |
Intentional Misuse and Abuse of Loperamide: A New Look at a Drug with "Low Abuse Potential".
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Analgesics, Opioid; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Drug-Seeking Behavior; Female; Humans; | 2017 |
Loperamide-induced Cardiac Depression Is Enhanced by Hyperglycemia: Evidence Relevant to Loperamide Abuse.
Topics: Animals; Blood Pressure; Cell Line; Cyclic S-Oxides; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Heart Rate; Hy | 2017 |
Loperamide abuse.
Topics: Antidiarrheals; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Humans; Loperamide; Substance-Related Disorders | 2017 |
You Abused What? Getting High with Unique Medications.
Topics: Amines; Anticonvulsants; Antidiarrheals; Antipsychotic Agents; Antitussive Agents; Cyclohexanecarbox | 2017 |
Brugada-Type Pattern on Electrocardiogram Associated with High-Dose Loperamide Abuse.
Topics: Brugada Syndrome; Electrocardiography; Humans; Loperamide; Male; Middle Aged; Substance-Related Diso | 2018 |
Loperamide abuse cardiotoxicity. Should loperamide still be an over the counter medication?
Topics: Adult; Antidiarrheals; Echocardiography; Electrocardiography; Female; Humans; Loperamide; Nonprescri | 2018 |
The FDA and the Next Wave of Drug Abuse - Proactive Pharmacovigilance.
Topics: Amines; Analgesics, Opioid; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; Drug Therapy, Combination; Drug Utilization | 2018 |
Topics: Buprenorphine; Drug Interactions; Germany; Humans; Loperamide; Methadone; Opiate Substitution Treatm | 2016 |
Brugada Syndrome Associated With Adolescent Loperamide Abuse.
Topics: Adolescent; Analgesics, Opioid; Antidiarrheals; Brugada Syndrome; Humans; Loperamide; Male; Mutation | 2018 |
Is there such a thing as a 'lope' dope? Analysis of loperamide-related European Medicines Agency (EMA) pharmacovigilance database reports.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Cardiovascular Diseases; Databases, Pharmaceutical; Drug Misuse; Europe; Female; | 2018 |
Loperamide misuse to avoid opioid withdrawal and to achieve a euphoric effect: high doses and high risk.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Antidiarrheals; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Atrioventricular B | 2019 |
Cardiac conduction disturbance after loperamide abuse.
Topics: Adult; Analgesics, Opioid; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Electric Countershock; Female; Humans; Isoprotereno | 2014 |
Loperamide toxicokinetics: serum concentrations in the overdose setting.
Topics: Adult; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Drug Overdose; Electrocardiography; Half-Life; Heart Rate; Humans; Lope | 2015 |
Loperamide dependence and abuse.
Topics: Adult; Antidiarrheals; Fatal Outcome; Humans; Loperamide; Male; Substance-Related Disorders | 2015 |
The long QT teaser: loperamide abuse.
Topics: Adult; Antidiarrheals; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Diagnosis, Differential; Electrocardiography; Fatal Out | 2015 |
Poor Man's Methadone: A Case Report of Loperamide Toxicity.
Topics: Alprazolam; Antidiarrheals; Chromatography, Liquid; Fluoxetine; Humans; Hypertrophy; Loperamide; Mal | 2015 |
Ventricular Dysrhythmias from Loperamide Misuse.
Topics: Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Cimetidine; Heart Conduction System; Humans; Loperamide; Male; Narcotic Antago | 2016 |
An Additional Clinical Scenario of Risk for Loperamide Cardiac-Induced Toxicity.
Topics: Antidiarrheals; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Electrocardiography; Female; Humans; Loperamide; Substance-Rel | 2016 |
Not your regular high: cardiac dysrhythmias caused by loperamide.
Topics: Alcoholism; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Benzodiazepines; Blood Pressure; Calcium; Central Nervous System; | 2016 |
Loperamide Abuse Associated With Cardiac Dysrhythmia and Death.
Topics: Adult; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Fatal Outcome; Humans; Loperamide; Male; Opioid-Related Disorders; Rece | 2017 |
Epidemiologic Trends in Loperamide Abuse and Misuse.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Child; Child, Preschool; Drug Overdose; Female; Humans; Loperamide; Male; Middle | 2017 |
Notes from the Field: Cardiac Dysrhythmias After Loperamide Abuse - New York, 2008-2016.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Child; Databases, Factual; Female; | 2016 |
Loperamide Trends in Abuse and Misuse Over 13 Years: 2002-2015.
Topics: Antidiarrheals; Cardiotoxicity; Databases, Factual; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Humans; Lopera | 2017 |
Progress report from the NIDA Addiction Research Center (preclinical laboratory), Lexington, Kentucky (1984).
Topics: Aging; Animals; Behavior, Animal; beta-Endorphin; Cats; Cocaine; Discrimination Learning; Dogs; Endo | 1984 |
Abuse potential of loperamide: adaptation of established evaluative methods to volunteer subjects.
Topics: Codeine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Double-Blind Method; Humans; Kinetics; Loperamide; Placeb | 1981 |
[Physical dependence on loperamide hydrochloride in mice and rats].
Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Antidiarrheals; Behavior, Animal; Body Weight; Dose-Response Relation | 1982 |
A report of five patients with large-volume secretory diarrhea but no evidence of endocrine tumor or laxative abuse.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Cathartics; Chronic Disease; Colon; Diarrhea; Electrolytes; Endocrine System Diseases; | 1982 |
Dependence liability of two antidiarrheals, nufenoxole and loperamide.
Topics: Adult; Antidiarrheals; Body Temperature; Electromyography; Humans; Loperamide; Male; Naloxone; Oxadi | 1980 |
Benefit/risk considerations with respect to OTC-descheduling of loperamide.
Topics: Adult; Child; Child, Preschool; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Diarrhea; Humans; Loperamide; Nonprescription | 1995 |
Appendicitis associated with loperamide hydrochloride abuse.
Topics: Adult; Appendicitis; Humans; Loperamide; Male; Nonprescription Drugs; Substance-Related Disorders | 1993 |
Dependence potential of loperamide studied in rhesus monkeys.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Female; Haplorhini; Humans; Injections, Intravenous | 1979 |
Antidiarrheal and central nervous system activities of SC-27166 (2-[3 - 5 - methyl - 1, 3, 4 - oxadiazol - 2 - yl) - 3, 3 - diphenylpropyl] - 2 - azabicyclo [2.2.2]octane), a new antidiarrheal agent, resulting from binding to opiate receptor sites of brai
Topics: Animals; Antidiarrheals; Brain; Bridged Bicyclo Compounds; Bridged-Ring Compounds; Central Nervous S | 1977 |
Loperamide dependence.
Topics: Adult; Diarrhea; Humans; Loperamide; Male; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related Disorder | 1992 |