lipid-a and Mouth-Neoplasms

Vaccines are available against human papillomavirus (HPV), the causal agent of cervical and other cancers. Efficacy data from the HPV-16/18 AS04-adjuvanted vaccine clinical trial program were reviewed. Six randomized, controlled phase II/III trials evaluating cervical endpoints enrolled women from diverse populations and geographical locations. The program analyzed extensively the cohorts most relevant from a public health perspective: the total vaccinated cohort (TVC), approximating a general population including those with existing or previous HPV infection, and TVC-naïve, approximating a population of young women before sexual debut. Results show that the vaccine reduces HPV-16/18 infection and associated cervical endpoints in women regardless of age, location, or sexual experience. It provides cross-protection against some non-vaccine oncogenic HPV types and types causing genital warts, and may be effective against vulvar, oral, and anal HPV infection. Early epidemiology data following its introduction suggest a decline in the prevalence of vaccine and some non-vaccine HPV types.

Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Aluminum Hydroxide; Anus Neoplasms; Clinical Trials, Phase II as Topic; Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic; Condylomata Acuminata; Female; Human papillomavirus 16; Human papillomavirus 18; Humans; Lipid A; Mouth Neoplasms; Papillomavirus Infections; Papillomavirus Vaccines; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms