linoleic-acid and Proteinuria

In an earlier study, we showed that feeding CLA immediately after weaning prolonged survival of NZB/W F1 mice after onset of proteinuria. In the present study, the feeding of CLA was delayed until mice had developed proteinuria. Thirty NZB/W F1 mice were fed a regular rodent chow after weaning. Urine samples were collected to detect proteinuria. Once a mouse was proteinuria positive, it was then randomly assigned to a 0.5% CLA supplement semipurified diet or a control diet (supplement 0.5% corn oil). The next proteinuria positive mouse was then assigned to the opposite diet to which the first mouse was assigned. Mice fed the control diet lost 25% more body weight (13.0 g) than mice fed the CLA diet (9.7 g). Moreover, CLA-fed mice survived an average 1.7-fold longer (148 d) than mice fed the control diet (89 d) after the onset of proteinuria. This follow-up study confirmed that dietary CLA had a beneficial effect in the autoimmune NZB/W F1 mouse. In summary, the cachectic symptom of systemic lupus erythematosus was decreased by dietary CLA and survival days were increased over control group.

Topics: Animals; Dietary Supplements; Disease Progression; Female; Linoleic Acid; Linoleic Acids; Linoleic Acids, Conjugated; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Mice; Mice, Inbred NZB; Proteinuria; Renal Insufficiency; Survival Analysis; Weight Loss

The role of linoleic acid in chronic renal failure (CRF) is controversial. In the present study 21 male Wistar rats submitted to 5/6 renal mass reduction (R) and 16 normal controls (C) were fed a supplement (S) or normal (N) linoleic acid diet for 60 days starting 10 days after CRF. As expected, serum creatinine, cholesterol and triglycerides (mean +/- SEM) were higher in the CRF groups compared to the C groups (P<0.05). The RS group presented lower cholesterol (84 +/- 4 vs 126 +/- 13 mg%) and triglyceride (88 +/- 9 vs 132 +/- 19 mg%) levels compared to the RN group. Proteinuria and kidney weight did not differ between CRF groups. Glomerular area increased 78% in RS and 100% in RN compared to control rats. Glomerular sclerosis index tended to be lower in RS (27%) compared to RN (38%), tubulointerstitial damage was similar between CRF groups (RS = 1.91 +/- 0.2 and RN = 2.14 +/- 0.3), and mesangial fractional volume increased to the same extent in both CRF groups. The data suggest that a linoleic acid-enriched diet did not protect against the progression of CRF after 60 days.

Topics: Animals; Cholesterol; Creatinine; Dietary Fats, Unsaturated; Dietary Supplements; Disease Progression; Kidney; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Linoleic Acid; Male; Proteinuria; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Time Factors; Triglycerides

Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is a naturally occurring fatty acid with anti-carcinogenic, anti-atherosclerotic and immune-enhancing activities. Dietary CLA accelerated the onset of proteinuria in autoimmune-prone NZB/W F1 mice but did not affect anti-DNA antibody production. Body weight of the CLA group was decreased compared to the control group at the time proteinuria first developed. CLA group also had slightly earlier mortality than control fed mice, however the mean days of survival did not differ between CLA and control fed mice. Body weight loss between proteinuria onset and death was approximately twice as much in the control group as in the CLA group. Moreover, duration between proteinuria and death was longer in the CLA than in the control group. Our data suggested that dietary CLA may accelerate the autoimmune symptoms of NZB/W F1 mice, however, CLA protected against the disease related body weight loss and prolonged survival after proteinuria.

Topics: Animals; Antibodies, Antinuclear; Dietary Fats, Unsaturated; Female; Linoleic Acid; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Mice; Mice, Inbred NZB; Proteinuria; Weight Loss

Renal function deteriorates progressively in partially nephrectomized rats. This deterioration of renal function may be ameliorated by a diet either low in protein or high in linoleic acid. In the present experiment, partially nephrectomized rats were pair fed diets low in protein, high in linoleic acid or both low in protein and high in linoleic acid. Survival of renal function was most prolonged in rats fed a diet with both a low protein and high linoleic acid content; glomeruli from these animals demonstrated increased glomerular PGE2 production. This additive effect may be mediated by increased production of the vasodilatory PGE2 by glomeruli.

Topics: Animals; Dietary Fats; Dietary Proteins; Dinoprostone; Female; Kidney; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Kidney Glomerulus; Linoleic Acid; Linoleic Acids; Lipids; Nephrectomy; Prostaglandins E; Proteinuria; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains

Female rats with 1-3/4 nephrectomy were divided in two groups and pair fed for five weeks diets differing in their linoleic acid content. Five weeks after subtotal nephrectomy, values for glomerular filtration rate and renal plasma flow were significantly higher and the values of blood pressure significantly lower in rats fed a diet rich in linoleic acid. Systolic blood pressure averaged 156 +/- 5.6 mm Hg in high and 215 +/- 8.1 mm Hg in low linoleic acid-fed rats. Differences in the values of blood pressure between the two groups were observed three weeks after subtotal renal ablation and persisted throughout the period of observation. Inulin clearance averaged 0.89 +/- 0.07 ml/min in the high and 0.44 +/- 0.05 ml/min in the low linoleic acid group. Protein excretion in the urine was significantly less in rats fed the high linoleic acid diet (36.9 +/- 4.4 mg/24 hr) than in those fed the low linoleic acid diet (90.1 +/- 12.5 mg/24 hr). The weight of the remnant kidney five weeks after subtotal renal ablation was greater in rats fed a low linoleic acid diet as compared to those fed a high linoleic acid diet (P less than 0.05). Glomerular lesions were more severe in rats fed a low linoleic acid diet than in those fed a high linoleic acid diet. Feeding high linoleic acid diets to normal and subtotally nephrectomized rats increased the content of linoleic and arachidonic acid in renal cortex and medulla.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Topics: Animals; Blood Pressure; Body Weight; Dietary Fats; Fatty Acids; Female; Inulin; Kidney; Kidney Function Tests; Linoleic Acid; Linoleic Acids; Nephrectomy; p-Aminohippuric Acid; Prostaglandins; Proteinuria; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains

The effects of increasing two dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids, eicosapentaenoic and linoleic, on the glomerulonephritis induced by repeated injections of apoferritin in the mouse were studied. Urinary protein excretion was measured serially; serum creatinine, aortic and renal production of eicosanoids and kidney histology were measured at sacrifice at 8 weeks. Both high EPA and LA feedings were associated with lesser proteinuria, normalization of renal function and profound changes in the tissue production of prostaglandin and thromboxane, which may explain their protective effect in this model of renal disease.

Topics: Animals; Apoferritins; Creatinine; Dietary Fats; Eicosapentaenoic Acid; Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; Glomerulonephritis; Immune Complex Diseases; Linoleic Acid; Linoleic Acids; Male; Mice; Prostaglandins; Proteinuria; Thromboxane B2

In pharmacologic doses E series prostaglandins attenuate the development of immune complex nephritis. We studied the effect of the dietary prostaglandin precursor linoleic acid on murine apoferritin-induced immune complex glomerulonephritis. High, normal, or low linoleic acid diets were fed to mice for 4 weeks prior to and during the intraperitoneal apoferritin administration. A high linoleic acid diet feeding was associated with less proteinuria, less renal histologic damage, and prevented a rise in serum creatinine. We conclude that linoleic acid has a protective effect on the development of murine apoferritin-induced immune complex nephritis.

Topics: Animals; Apoferritins; Diet; Glomerulonephritis; Immune Complex Diseases; Kidney Glomerulus; Kidney Tubules; Linoleic Acid; Linoleic Acids; Male; Mice; Prostaglandins E; Proteinuria