linoleic-acid and Peripheral-Nervous-System-Diseases

Oxaliplatin, a platinum-based chemotherapeutic drug, which is used as first-line treatment for some types of colorectal carcinoma, causes peripheral neuropathic pain in patients. In addition, an acute peripheral pain syndrome develop in almost 90% of patients immediately after oxaliplatin treatment, which is poorly understood mechanistically but correlates with incidence and severity of the later-occurring neuropathy. Here we investigated the effects of acute oxaliplatin treatment in a murine model, showing that male and female mice develop mechanical hypersensitivity 24 h after oxaliplatin treatment. Interestingly, we found that the levels of several lipids were significantly altered in nervous tissue during oxaliplatin-induced acute pain. Specifically, the linoleic acid metabolite 9,10-EpOME (epoxide of linoleic acid) as well as the lysophospholipids lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) 18:1 and LPC 16:0 were significantly increased 24 h after oxaliplatin treatment in sciatic nerve, DRGs, or spinal cord tissue as revealed by untargeted and targeted lipidomics. In contrast, inflammatory markers including cytokines and chemokines, ROS markers, and growth factors are unchanged in the respective nervous system tissues. Importantly, LPC 18:1 and LPC 16:0 can induce Ca

Topics: Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Calcium Signaling; Chemokines; Cytokines; Female; Hyperalgesia; Linoleic Acid; Lipidomics; Lysophosphatidylcholines; Lysophospholipids; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Oxaliplatin; Pain; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases; TRPM Cation Channels; TRPV Cation Channels

This study investigated the association between dietary intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and peripheral neuropathy in the U.S. population.. We analyzed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2004 for adults >or=40 years of age with diagnosed diabetes, an assessment of peripheral neuropathy, and reliable 24-h dietary recall. The dietary intake of PUFAs was analyzed by peripheral neuropathy status. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to estimate the odds of having peripheral neuropathy in higher quintiles of PUFA intake compared with the lowest quintile.. The mean dietary intake of linolenic acid was 1.25 +/- 0.07 g among adults with peripheral neuropathy, significantly lower than the 1.45 +/- 0.05 g intake among those without peripheral neuropathy. After controlling for potential confounding variables, adults whose linolenic acid intake was in the highest quintile had lower odds of peripheral neuropathy than adults in the lowest quintile (adjusted odds ratio 0.40 [95% CI 0.21-0.77]).. Among adults with diagnosed diabetes, dietary intake of linolenic acid is positively associated with lower odds of peripheral neuropathy.

Topics: Adult; Diabetes Mellitus; Diabetic Neuropathies; Dietary Fats; Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; Health Surveys; Humans; Linoleic Acid; Multivariate Analysis; Nutritional Status; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases; United States

Pre-clinical studies suggest that both omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids have beneficial effects on peripheral nerve function. Rats feed a diet rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) showed modification of phospholipid fatty acid composition in nerve membranes and improvement of sciatic nerve conduction velocity (NCV). We tested the hypothesis that baseline plasma omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids levels predict accelerated decline of peripheral nerve function. Changes between baseline and the 3-year follow-up in peripheral nerve function was assessed by standard surface ENG of the right peroneal nerve in 384 male and 443 female participants of the InCHIANTI study (age range: 24-97 years). Plasma concentrations of selected fatty acids assessed at baseline by gas chromatography. Independent of confounders, plasma omega-6 fatty acids and linoleic acid were significantly correlated with peroneal NCV at enrollment. Lower plasma PUFA, omega-6 fatty acids, linoleic acid, ratio omega-6/omega-3, arachidonic acid and docosahexanoic acid levels were significantly predicted a steeper decline in nerve function parameters over the 3-year follow-up. Low plasma omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids levels were associated with accelerated decline of peripheral nerve function with aging.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Aging; alpha-Linolenic Acid; Anthropometry; Arachidonic Acid; Cholesterol; Cohort Studies; Comorbidity; Cross-Sectional Studies; Diabetes Mellitus; Docosahexaenoic Acids; Eicosapentaenoic Acid; Fatty Acids; Fatty Acids, Omega-3; Fatty Acids, Omega-6; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Italy; Linoleic Acid; Male; Middle Aged; Neural Conduction; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases; Peripheral Vascular Diseases; Peroneal Nerve; Predictive Value of Tests; Triglycerides