linoleic-acid and Disease-Resistance

Heat shock transcription factors (HSFs) play a critical regulatory role in many plant disease resistance pathways. However, the molecular mechanisms of cotton HSFs involved in resistance to the soil-borne fungus

Topics: Ascomycota; Disease Resistance; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; Gossypium; Heat Shock Transcription Factors; Linoleic Acid; Phylogeny; Plant Diseases; Plant Proteins; Verticillium

Δ-6-fatty acid desaturase (FADS2) is the key enzyme in the biosynthesis of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), the essential structural determinants of mammalian membrane lipid-bilayers. We developed the auxotrophic fads2(-/-) mouse mutant to assess the enigmatic role of ω3- and ω6-PUFAs in lipid homeostasis, membrane structure and function. Obesity resistance is another major phenotype of the fads2(-/-) mutant, the molecular basis of which is unknown. Phospholipidomic profiling of membrane systems of fads2(-/-)mice revealed diacylglycerol-structures, deprived of PUFAs but substituted with surrogate eicosa-5,11,14-trienoic acid. ω6-Arachidonic (AA) and ω3-docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) supplemented diets transformed fads2(-/-) into AA-fads2(-/-) and DHA-fads2(-/-) mutants. Severely altered phospholipid-bilayer structures of subcellular membranes of fads2(-/-) liver specifically interfered with maturation of transcription factor sterol-regulatory-element-binding protein, the key regulator of lipogenesis and lipid homeostasis. This study strengthens the concept that specific PUFA-substituted membrane phospholipid species are critical constituents of the structural platform operative in lipid homeostasis in normal and disease conditions.

Topics: Adipocytes, White; Adipose Tissue, White; Animals; Arachidonic Acid; Cell Size; Disease Resistance; Docosahexaenoic Acids; Fatty Liver; Female; Linoleic Acid; Linoleoyl-CoA Desaturase; Lipogenesis; Liver; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Obesity; Phospholipids; Transcriptome; Weight Gain