linoleic-acid and Acute-Coronary-Syndrome

Cardiovascular disease is a known risk factor for the development of psychiatric disorder and about 20% of patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) develop depression. Our previous prospective study showed that serum linoleic acid (LA) level at baseline (admission) is a risk factor for the development of psychiatric disorder 3 months later. However, it was unclear whether serum LA could predict psychiatric disorders after 3 months. Thus, we examined the effects of polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) levels at ACS onset on comorbid psychiatric disorders at 6 months. The study involved a follow-up investigation of the previous prospective cohort study of ACS patients. The sample with complete participant data at 6 months post-ACS comprised 100 patients. On admission, serum n-3 and n-6 PUFA levels were measured by gas chromatography and patients were interviewed to obtain medical information. Eight patients (8%) showed psychiatric disorder at 6 months. The association between psychiatric disorder and serum PUFA concentrations at ACS onset was examined by multivariable logistic regression analysis. Psychiatric disorders were predicted by baseline serum LA level (odds ratio = 7.27, 95% confidence interval = 1.11-47.76), indicating that it is a significant risk factor for the development of psychiatric disorder at 6 months. Thus, dietary education to reduce the intake of LA-containing foods might be useful for preventing psychiatric disorder in the population at high risk for ACS. However, the prevalence of psychiatric disorder, particularly depressive disorder, may have been too low to identify significant differences in PUFA analysis.

Topics: Acute Coronary Syndrome; Adult; Aged; Depressive Disorder; Diet; Dietary Supplements; Fatty Acids, Omega-3; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Japan; Linoleic Acid; Male; Middle Aged; Prevalence; Prospective Studies; Risk Factors

Although fatty acid intake has been associated with risk of coronary disease events, the association between blood omega-6 and trans fatty acids (FAs) at the time of an acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is unknown.. The relationship of blood FA composition to ACS was analyzed in 768 incident cases and 768 controls (matched on age, sex, and race).. Compared to controls, ACS cases' blood cell membrane content of linoleic acid was 13% lower (P < .0001); arachidonic acid was 3.6% higher (P < .001); the trans isomer of oleic acid was 13.3% higher (P < .0001); and the trans-trans isomer of linoleic acid was 13.3% higher (P = .003). In multivariable analyses, a 1-SD decrease in linoleic acid was associated with >3 times the odds for being a case (odds ratio [OR] 3.23, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.63-4.17). The relationship of arachidonic acid to ACS was U shaped; compared to the first quartile of arachidonic acid, the ORs for case status in the second, third, and fourth quartiles were 0.73 (95% CI 0.47-1.13), 0.65 (95% CI 0.41-1.04), and 2.32 (95% CI 1.39-3.90), respectively. The OR for a 1-SD increase in trans oleic acid was 1.24 (95% CI 1.06-1.45), and for trans-trans linoleic acid, 1.1 (95% CI 0.93-1.30). All associations were independent of membrane omega-3 FA content.. High blood levels of linoleic acid but low levels of trans oleic acid are inversely associated with ACS. The relationship of arachidonic acid to ACS appears more complex.

Topics: Acute Coronary Syndrome; Aged; Arachidonic Acid; Austria; Biomarkers; Case-Control Studies; Cholesterol; Erythrocyte Membrane; Fatty Acids, Omega-6; Female; Humans; Linoleic Acid; Male; Middle Aged; Myocardial Infarction; Oleic Acid; Reference Values; Risk Factors; Trans Fatty Acids; Triglycerides