lignans and Staphylococcal-Infections

Infections caused by methicillin-resistant

Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antimicrobial Peptides; Biofilms; Lignans; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus; Mice; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Staphylococcal Infections; Vancomycin

Topics: A549 Cells; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Bacterial Toxins; Biphenyl Compounds; Cell Survival; Disease Models, Animal; Hemolysin Proteins; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Inflammasomes; Lignans; Liver; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Molecular Docking Simulation; Protein Binding; Receptors, Cell Surface; Staphylococcal Infections; Staphylococcus aureus; Treatment Outcome

To study the inhibition of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureas (MRSA) biofilm by honokiol.. We used triphenyl tetrazolium chloride method to evaluate the inhibition of biofilm formation and mature by honokiol. We used congo red agar and spectrophotometer to detect the influence of honokiol on polysaccharide intercellular adhesion formation and extracellular DNA release. RT-PCR analysis was used to determine the effect of honokiol on expression of icaA, cidA and agrA.. Honokiol showed strong antimicrobial activity both on biofilm formation and mature biofilm of MRSA 41573. Minimum inhibitory concentration was 10 μg/mL for biofilm formation and 50 μg/mL for mature biofilm. Minimum bactericidal concentration was 20 μg/mL for biofilm formation and 100 μg/mL for mature biofilm. Honokiol showed synergy effect with vancomycin and it significantly increased the sensitivity of mature biofilm to vancomycin. Polysaccharide intercellular adhesion formation and extracellular DNA release were effectively inhibited by honokiol. Extracellular DNA release decreased by 28.3% when honokiol at 1/8 MIC. After incubated with 1/2 MIC of honokiol for 16 h, the relative expression of icaA, cidA and agrA of MRSA41573 was reduced by 59.1%, 56% and 72.3%, respectively.. Honokiol can significantly inhibit biofilm formation of MRSA41573 and its mechanism is mainly the inhibited expression of icaA and cidA to influence the synthesis of polysaccharide intercellular adhesion and extracellular DNA. Moreover, it also affect biofilm formation by QS system.

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Biofilms; Biphenyl Compounds; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Humans; Lignans; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Staphylococcal Infections

The emergence of antibiotic resistant strains such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) reminds us an urgent need to develop a new immune-modulating agent for preventing S. aureus infection. In this study, we found that herbal medicines, honokiol and magnolol, caused a significant cellular immune modulatory effect during S. aureus infection. In mouse macrophages, these compounds drove upregulation of an antioxidant effect in response to S. aureus, resulting in a dampened total cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and decreased production of inflammatory cytokines/chemokines, whereas honokiol induced increased types I and III interferon messenger RNA (mRNA) expression levels in response to MSSA infection. Moreover, the internalization of S. aureus by human alveolar epithelial cells was inhibited by these compounds. Furthermore, honokiol and magnolol treatment promoted a delay in killing during MSSA infection in Caenorhabditis elegans, suggesting antimicrobial function in vivo. In conclusion, honokiol and magnolol may be considered as attractive immune-modulating treatment for S. aureus infection.

Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Biphenyl Compounds; Caenorhabditis elegans; Cytokines; Humans; Lignans; Macrophages; Methicillin; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus; Mice; Plant Extracts; Plants, Medicinal; Staphylococcal Infections; Staphylococcus aureus

Cell division protein, FtsZ, has been identified as a new potential antimicrobial target against multidrug-resistant (MDR) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). By using computer-aided simulation, the phenolic compounds magnolol and honokiol from Magnolia officinalis were shown to have high anchor energies to FtsZ of S. aureus. The calculated binding energies of magnolol and honokiol for this FtsZ (PDB Code: 4DXD) were established to be -7.6 kcal/mol and -8.2 kcal/mol, respectively. Both of them showed polymerization inhibition efficacy for this FtsZ at 100 ppm, which confirmed the simulation results. Their antibacterial activity against S. aureus including multidrug-resistant (MDR) and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values in the range of 8-16 ppm. These findings support the use of computer-aided simulation to screen natural compounds for this cell division protein, FtsZ, and this method can be a quick and promising approach for the development of antimicrobial agents against multi-drug resistant S. aureus.

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Biphenyl Compounds; Humans; Lignans; Magnolia; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Plant Exudates; Staphylococcal Infections; Staphylococcus aureus

Chitosan based microcapsule which encapsulated with phyllanthin was developed by simple coacervation. The composition and surface morphology of phyllanthin containing microcapsules were analyzed by Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy, respectively. The release of phyllanthin from the microcapsules was found to be more than 60% after 120 h. In vitro biological assays demonstrated that these phyllanthin containing microcapsules showed a stronger anti-oxidation potential on both human fibroblasts and keratinocytes as well as a better growth inhibitory activity towards Staphylococcus aureus.

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antioxidants; Capsules; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; Chitosan; Drug Design; Fibroblasts; Humans; Keratinocytes; Lignans; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Models, Chemical; Reactive Oxygen Species; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; Staphylococcal Infections; Staphylococcus aureus; Surface Properties; Time Factors