lidocaine and Bends
lidocaine has been researched along with Bends in 9 studies
Lidocaine: A local anesthetic and cardiac depressant used as an antiarrhythmia agent. Its actions are more intense and its effects more prolonged than those of PROCAINE but its duration of action is shorter than that of BUPIVACAINE or PRILOCAINE.
lidocaine : The monocarboxylic acid amide resulting from the formal condensation of N,N-diethylglycine with 2,6-dimethylaniline.
Research Excerpts
Excerpt | Relevance | Reference |
---|---|---|
"1 MPa, lidocaine injection caused only slight dizziness and buzzing in the ear." | 5.09 | Lidocaine pharmacokinetics during hyperbaric hyperoxia in humans. ( Fischer, DC; Kalff, G; Rump, AF; Siekmann, U, 1999) |
"This research investigated whether decompression sickness (DCS) risk or severity could be reduced using drug interventions that are easier to implement and equal to or more efficacious than recompression therapy." | 1.35 | Pharmacological interventions to decompression sickness in rats: comparison of five agents. ( Fahlman, A; Kayar, SR; Montcalm-Smith, EA, 2008) |
"A case of serious decompression sickness complicated by frequent, unifocal, premature ventricular contractions (PVC) is presented." | 1.26 | Ventricular dysrhythmia associated with serious decompression sickness. ( Kizer, KW, 1980) |
Research
Studies (9)
Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
---|---|---|
pre-1990 | 1 (11.11) | 18.7374 |
1990's | 5 (55.56) | 18.2507 |
2000's | 3 (33.33) | 29.6817 |
2010's | 0 (0.00) | 24.3611 |
2020's | 0 (0.00) | 2.80 |
Authors
Authors | Studies |
---|---|
Wright, JL | 1 |
Durieux, ME | 1 |
Groves, DS | 1 |
Montcalm-Smith, EA | 1 |
Fahlman, A | 1 |
Kayar, SR | 1 |
Kizer, KW | 1 |
Broome, JR | 1 |
Dick, EJ | 1 |
Cogar, WB | 1 |
Moon, RE | 1 |
de Lisle Dear, G | 1 |
Stolp, BW | 1 |
Rump, AF | 1 |
Siekmann, U | 1 |
Fischer, DC | 1 |
Kalff, G | 1 |
Mitchell, SJ | 1 |
Drewry, A | 1 |
Gorman, DF | 1 |
Clinical Trials (1)
Trial Overview
Trial | Phase | Enrollment | Study Type | Start Date | Status | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Lidocaine For Neuroprotection During Cardiac Surgery[NCT00938964] | 550 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2009-07-31 | Completed | |||
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024] |
Trial Outcomes
Change in Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D)
"Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). The CES-D is a 20-item self-report examination designed to measure symptoms of depression. Subjects rate the degree to which they have experienced a range of symptoms of depression, such as I had crying spells and I felt lonely. Scores range from 0 to 60, with higher scores indicating greater depressive symptoms. Scores greater than 16 are typically considered indicative of clinically significant depression." (NCT00938964)
Timeframe: baseline, 1-year
Intervention | units on a scale (Mean) |
---|---|
Lidocaine | -1.27 |
Placebo | -0.89 |
Change in Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D)
"Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). The CES-D is a 20-item self-report examination designed to measure symptoms of depression. Subjects rate the degree to which they have experienced a range of symptoms of depression, such as I had crying spells and I felt lonely. Scores range from 0 to 60, with higher scores indicating greater depressive symptoms. Scores greater than 16 are typically considered indicative of clinically significant depression." (NCT00938964)
Timeframe: baseline, 6-weeks
Intervention | units on a scale (Mean) |
---|---|
Lidocaine | 0.57 |
Placebo | 0.16 |
Change in Cognitive Function From Baseline
To characterize cognitive function over time, while minimizing potential redundancy in the cognitive measures, a factor analysis was performed on the 14 cognitive test scores from baseline. We chose a five-factor solution, which represents 5 cognitive domains: structured verbal memory, unstructured verbal memory, executive function, visual memory and attention/concentration. To quantify overall cognitive function, a baseline cognitive index was first calculated as the mean of the 5 preoperative domain scores. The cognitive index score has a mean of zero, thus any positive score is above the mean, any negative score is below the mean. A continuous change score was then calculated by subtracting the baseline from the 1 year cognitive index. The resulting outcome measure is unbounded with standard deviation of 0.35. A negative change score indicating decline and a positive score indicating improvement (NCT00938964)
Timeframe: 1 year after surgery
Intervention | units on a scale (Mean) |
---|---|
Lidocaine | 0.09 |
Placebo | 0.07 |
Change in Cognitive Function From Baseline Characterized as Continuous Cognitive Change
To characterize cognitive function over time, while minimizing potential redundancy in the cognitive measures, a factor analysis was performed on the 14 cognitive test scores from baseline. We chose a five-factor solution, which represents 5 cognitive domains: structured verbal memory, unstructured verbal memory, executive function, visual memory and attention/concentration. To quantify overall cognitive function, a baseline cognitive index was first calculated as the mean of the 5 preoperative domain scores. The cognitive index score has a mean of zero, thus any positive score is above the mean, any negative score is below the mean. A continuous change score was then calculated by subtracting the baseline from the 6-week cognitive index. The resulting outcome measure is unbounded with standard deviation of 0.35. A negative change score indicating decline and a positive score indicating improvement. (NCT00938964)
Timeframe: Preoperative to 6 weeks after surgery
Intervention | units on a scale (Mean) |
---|---|
Lidocaine | 0.07 |
Placebo | 0.07 |
Change in Duke Activity Status Index (DASI)
"The DASI is a 12-item scale of functional capacity that has been found to correlate well with objective measures of maximal exercise capacity. Items reflect activities of personal care, ambulation, household tasks, sexual function, and recreational activities. Activities done with no difficulty receive scores, which are weighted and summed, for a quantitative measure of functional status. Scores range from 0 to 60; a higher-weighted score indicates better function." (NCT00938964)
Timeframe: baseline, 1-year
Intervention | units on a scale (Mean) |
---|---|
Lidocaine | 6.3 |
Placebo | 6.96 |
Change in Duke Activity Status Index (DASI)
"The DASI is a 12-item scale of functional capacity that has been found to correlate well with objective measures of maximal exercise capacity. Items reflect activities of personal care, ambulation, household tasks, sexual function, and recreational activities. Activities done with no difficulty receive scores, which are weighted and summed, for a quantitative measure of functional status. Scores range from 0 to 60; a higher-weighted score indicates better function." (NCT00938964)
Timeframe: baseline, 6-weeks
Intervention | units on a scale (Mean) |
---|---|
Lidocaine | -10.98 |
Placebo | -11.67 |
Change in Neurological Function, as Measured by the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS)
The National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) is a 15-item neurologic examination stroke scale used to evaluate the effect of acute cerebral infarction on the levels of consciousness, language, neglect, visual-field loss, extraocular movement, motor strength, ataxia, dysarthria, and sensory loss. A trained observer rates the patent's ability to answer questions and perform activities. Ratings for each item are scored with 3 to 5 grades with 0 as normal, and there is an allowance for untestable items. The range of scores is from 0 (normal) to 42 (profound effect of stroke on patient). (NCT00938964)
Timeframe: baseline, 1-year
Intervention | units on a scale (Mean) |
---|---|
Lidocaine | 0.05 |
Placebo | 0.07 |
Change in Neurological Function, as Measured by the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS)
The National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) is a 15-item neurologic examination stroke scale used to evaluate the effect of acute cerebral infarction on the levels of consciousness, language, neglect, visual-field loss, extraocular movement, motor strength, ataxia, dysarthria, and sensory loss. A trained observer rates the patent's ability to answer questions and perform activities. Ratings for each item are scored with 3 to 5 grades with 0 as normal, and there is an allowance for untestable items. The range of scores is from 0 (normal) to 42 (profound effect of stroke on patient). (NCT00938964)
Timeframe: baseline, 6-weeks
Intervention | units on a scale (Mean) |
---|---|
Lidocaine | 0.05 |
Placebo | 0.04 |
Change in Neurological Function, as Measured by the Western Perioperative Neurologic Scale (WPNS)
The Western perioperative neurologic scale was designed to detect neurologic deficits after cardiac surgery. It includes 14 items classified into eight domains (mentation, speech, cranial nerve function, motor weakness, sensation and cerebellum, reflexes, and gait). Each item is scored from 0 (severe deficit) to3 (normal), and a maximum score of 42 indicates normal neurological function. (NCT00938964)
Timeframe: baseline, 1-year
Intervention | units on a scale (Mean) |
---|---|
Lidocaine | 0.02 |
Placebo | -0.02 |
Change in Neurological Function, as Measured by the Western Perioperative Neurologic Scale (WPNS)
The Western perioperative neurologic scale was designed to detect neurologic deficits after cardiac surgery. It includes 14 items classified into eight domains (mentation, speech, cranial nerve function, motor weakness, sensation and cerebellum, reflexes, and gait). Each item is scored from 0 (severe deficit) to3 (normal), and a maximum score of 42 indicates normal neurological function. (NCT00938964)
Timeframe: baseline, 6-weeks
Intervention | units on a scale (Mean) |
---|---|
Lidocaine | 0.04 |
Placebo | -0.01 |
Change in Perceived Social Support
"Perceived Social Support Scale: Twelve items indicate how strongly subjects agree that there is a special person who is around when I am in need and my family really tries to help me. Choices range from very strongly disagree to very strongly agree. Items are summed for a range of 12 to 84, with a high score meaning more social support." (NCT00938964)
Timeframe: baseline, 1-year
Intervention | units on a scale (Mean) |
---|---|
Lidocaine | 0.71 |
Placebo | -1.16 |
Change in Perceived Social Support
"Perceived Social Support Scale: Twelve items indicate how strongly subjects agree that there is a special person who is around when I am in need and my family really tries to help me. Choices range from very strongly disagree to very strongly agree. Items are summed for a range of 12 to 84, with a high score meaning more social support." (NCT00938964)
Timeframe: baseline, 6-weeks
Intervention | units on a scale (Mean) |
---|---|
Lidocaine | 1.23 |
Placebo | -0.49 |
Change in Social Activity
"Social Activity: This measure consisted of eight items that indicate the degree of social interaction. Sample items are How often do you talk on the telephone with friends and relatives? and How often do you attend meetings of social groups, clubs, or civic organizations? Scores range from 8 to 32. A lower score indicates more social activity." (NCT00938964)
Timeframe: baseline, 1-year
Intervention | units on a scale (Mean) |
---|---|
Lidocaine | -0.20 |
Placebo | 0.03 |
Change in Social Activity
"Social Activity: This measure consisted of eight items that indicate the degree of social interaction. Sample items are How often do you talk on the telephone with friends and relatives? and How often do you attend meetings of social groups, clubs, or civic organizations? Scores range from 8 to 32. A lower score indicates more social activity." (NCT00938964)
Timeframe: baseline, 6-weeks
Intervention | units on a scale (Mean) |
---|---|
Lidocaine | 0.95 |
Placebo | 1.59 |
Change in Spielberger State Anxiety Inventory (STAI)
"Spielberger State Anxiety Inventory (STAI): The STAI consists of two 20-item scales that measure anxiety. Representative items include statements such as I feel nervous and I feel worried. These items are rated on a 4-point scale, based on how well they describe the patient's current or typical mood, from not at all to very much so. Scores range from 20 to 80, with higher scores indicating greater anxiety." (NCT00938964)
Timeframe: baseline, 1-year
Intervention | units on a scale (Mean) |
---|---|
Lidocaine | -6.70 |
Placebo | -6.39 |
Change in Spielberger State Anxiety Inventory (STAI)
"Spielberger State Anxiety Inventory (STAI): The STAI consists of two 20-item scales that measure anxiety. Representative items include statements such as I feel nervous and I feel worried. These items are rated on a 4-point scale, based on how well they describe the patient's current or typical mood, from not at all to very much so. Scores range from 20 to 80, with higher scores indicating greater anxiety." (NCT00938964)
Timeframe: baseline, 6-weeks
Intervention | units on a scale (Mean) |
---|---|
Lidocaine | -7.12 |
Placebo | -6.31 |
Change in Symptom Limitations
Symptom limitations: Patients were given a list of eight symptoms and asked to rate the degree to which the symptom limited daily activities. The symptoms were angina, shortness of breath, arthritis, back trouble, leg pains, headaches, fatigue, and other. Scores range from 8 to 32, with higher scores indicating greater limitations. (NCT00938964)
Timeframe: baseline, 1-year
Intervention | units on a scale (Mean) |
---|---|
Lidocaine | -1.39 |
Placebo | -1.48 |
Change in Symptom Limitations
Symptom limitations: Patients were given a list of eight symptoms and asked to rate the degree to which the symptom limited daily activities. The symptoms were angina, shortness of breath, arthritis, back trouble, leg pains, headaches, fatigue, and other. Scores range from 8 to 32, with higher scores indicating greater limitations. (NCT00938964)
Timeframe: baseline, 6-weeks
Intervention | units on a scale (Mean) |
---|---|
Lidocaine | -0.67 |
Placebo | -0.8 |
Change in the Cognitive Difficulties Scale
"Cognitive Difficulties Scale: a 39-item scale, is a self-report assessment of perceived problems in long- and short-term memory, concentration, attention, and psycho-motor coordination. Sample items are I forget errands I planned to do and I fail to recognize people I know. Scores range from 39 to 164, with higher scores indicating greater cognitive difficulty." (NCT00938964)
Timeframe: baseline, 1-year
Intervention | units on a scale (Mean) |
---|---|
Lidocaine | -0.46 |
Placebo | -1.02 |
Change in the Cognitive Difficulties Scale
"Cognitive Difficulties Scale: a 39-item scale, is a self-report assessment of perceived problems in long- and short-term memory, concentration, attention, and psycho-motor coordination. Sample items are I forget errands I planned to do and I fail to recognize people I know. Scores range from 39 to 164, with higher scores indicating greater cognitive difficulty." (NCT00938964)
Timeframe: baseline, 6-weeks
Intervention | units on a scale (Mean) |
---|---|
Lidocaine | -3 |
Placebo | -3.21 |
Change in the Duke Older Americans Resources and Services Procedures- Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (OARS-IADL)
"Duke Older Americans Resources and Services Procedures- Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (OARS-IADL): This measure contains six items that assess the ability to perform important tasks for daily living (e.g., Could you prepare your own meals? Could you drive a car?). Scores range from 6 to 24. Higher scores indicate increasing difficulty in engaging in daily activities." (NCT00938964)
Timeframe: baseline, 1-year
Intervention | units on a scale (Mean) |
---|---|
Lidocaine | -0.15 |
Placebo | -0.31 |
Change in the Duke Older Americans Resources and Services Procedures- Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (OARS-IADL)
"Duke Older Americans Resources and Services Procedures- Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (OARS-IADL): This measure contains six items that assess the ability to perform important tasks for daily living (e.g., Could you prepare your own meals? Could you drive a car?). Scores range from 6 to 24. Higher scores indicate increasing difficulty in engaging in daily activities." (NCT00938964)
Timeframe: baseline, 6-weeks
Intervention | units on a scale (Mean) |
---|---|
Lidocaine | 2.46 |
Placebo | 2.1 |
Count of Participants With a Decline of Greater Than or Equal to One Standard Deviation in One or More of Five Cognitive Domain Scores Reported as a Dichotomous Post-operative Cognitive Deficit (POCD) Outcome
To characterize cognitive function over time, while minimizing potential redundancy in the cognitive measures, a factor analysis was performed on the 14 cognitive test scores from baseline. We chose a five-factor solution, which represents 5 cognitive domains: structured verbal memory, unstructured verbal memory, executive function, visual memory and attention/concentration. Each domain score is normally distributed with a mean of zero. A change score was calculated for each domain by subtracting the baseline from the 6-week score. A dichotomous outcome variable of post-operative cognitive deficit was defined as a decline of ≥1 standard deviation in 1 or more of the 5 domains. (NCT00938964)
Timeframe: Preoperative to 6 weeks after surgery
Intervention | Participants (Count of Participants) |
---|---|
Lidocaine | 87 |
Placebo | 83 |
Change in Study 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36)
The Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36): The SF-36 was designed to measure general health status. Two scales were used: Work Activities (four items) and General Health (one item). For the work activities scale, the reported score was the sum of four questions, each with values ranging from 1 to 4, the total score could range from 4 to 16. A higher score on Work Activities indicates more health-related problems For the general health question, the patients ranked their health from Excellent (1) to poor (5), the scale ranged from 1 to 5 with 1 being best health and 5 being worst. A high score in General Health indicates poorer health state. (NCT00938964)
Timeframe: baseline, 1-year
Intervention | units on a scale (Mean) | |
---|---|---|
1 year Change Work Activities | 1 year Change General health perception | |
Lidocaine | -1.37 | -0.28 |
Placebo | -1.42 | -0.43 |
Change in Study 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36)
The Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36): The SF-36 was designed to measure general health status. Two scales were used: Work Activities (four items) and General Health (one item). For the work activities scale, the reported score was the sum of four questions, each with values ranging from 1 to 4, the total score could range from 4 to 16. A higher score on Work Activities indicates more health-related problems For the general health question, the patients ranked their health from Excellent (1) to poor (5), the scale ranged from 1 to 5 with 1 being best health and 5 being worst. A high score in General Health indicates poorer health state. (NCT00938964)
Timeframe: baseline, 6-weeks
Intervention | units on a scale (Mean) | |
---|---|---|
6-Week Change Work activities | 6-Week Change General health perception | |
Lidocaine | 2.71 | -0.004 |
Placebo | 3 | -0.03 |
Transcerebral Activation Gradient of Platelet-neutrophil Conjugates
Paired jugular venous and radial arterial blood samples were drawn at baseline, cross-clamp removal, end of cardiopulmonary bypass, and 6 hours post cross-clamp removalime points and analyzed by fluorescence-activated cell sorting to identify activated platelets. Transcerebral activation gradients were calculated by subtracting arterial values from venous values and were compared between groups (NCT00938964)
Timeframe: Baseline to 6 hours post cross-clamp removal
Intervention | Mean linear fluorescence intensity-MLFI (Mean) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Baseline | Cross-clamp removal | End of Bypass | 6 hours post cross-clamp removal | |
Lidocaine | -0.15 | 0.02 | -0.73 | -0.10 |
Placebo | -0.43 | -0.73 | -0.40 | 0.19 |
Transcerebral Activation Gradients of Monocytes
Paired jugular venous and radial arterial blood samples were drawn at baseline, cross-clamp removal, end of cardiopulmonary bypass, and 6 hours post cross-clamp removalime points and analyzed by fluorescence-activated cell sorting to identify activated platelets. Transcerebral activation gradients were calculated by subtracting arterial values from venous values and were compared between groups (NCT00938964)
Timeframe: Baseline to 6 hours post cross-clamp removal
Intervention | Mean linear fluorescence intensity-MLFI (Mean) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Baseline | Cross-clamp removal | End of Bypass | 6 hours post cross-clamp removal | |
Lidocaine | -4.22 | -2.46 | -0.34 | 1.21 |
Placebo | -0.04 | 1.83 | 2.64 | 0.54 |
Transcerebral Activation Gradients of Neutrophils
Paired jugular venous and radial arterial blood samples were drawn at baseline, cross-clamp removal, end of cardiopulmonary bypass, and 6 hours post cross-clamp removal and analyzed by fluorescence-activated cell sorting to identify activated platelets. Transcerebral activation gradients were calculated by subtracting arterial values from venous values and were compared between groups (NCT00938964)
Timeframe: Baseline to 6 hours post cross-clamp removal
Intervention | Mean linear fluorescence intensity-MLFI (Mean) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Baseline | Cross-clamp removal | End of Bypass | 6 hours post cross-clamp removal | |
Lidocaine | -2.02 | 0.56 | 0.58 | 1.04 |
Placebo | -0.08 | 0.17 | 1.19 | -0.68 |
Transcerebral Activation Gradients of Platelets
Paired jugular venous and radial arterial blood samples were drawn at baseline, cross-clamp removal, end of cardiopulmonary bypass, and 6 hours post cross-clamp removalime points and analyzed by fluorescence-activated cell sorting to identify activated platelets. Transcerebral activation gradients were calculated by subtracting arterial values from venous values and were compared between groups (NCT00938964)
Timeframe: Baseline to 6 hours post cross-clamp removal
Intervention | Mean linear fluorescence intensity-MLFI (Mean) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Baseline | Cross-clamp removal | End of Bypass | 6 hours post cross-clamp removal | |
Lidocaine | -0.03 | 0.03 | 0.33 | 0.37 |
Placebo | 0.35 | 0.43 | 0.05 | 0.27 |
Reviews
3 reviews available for lidocaine and Bends
Article | Year |
---|---|
A brief review of innovative uses for local anesthetics.
Topics: Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Decompression Sickness; Dose-Response Relationship, Dru | 2008 |
Treatment of decompression illness and latrogenic gas embolism.
Topics: Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Barotrauma; Decompression Sickness; Humans; Hyperbaric Oxygenation; Iat | 1999 |
Lidocaine in the treatment of decompression illness: a review of the literature.
Topics: Cell Hypoxia; Decompression Sickness; Energy Metabolism; Humans; Intracranial Embolism; Lidocaine; N | 2001 |
Trials
1 trial available for lidocaine and Bends
Article | Year |
---|---|
Lidocaine pharmacokinetics during hyperbaric hyperoxia in humans.
Topics: Adult; Anticonvulsants; Cross-Over Studies; Decompression Sickness; Dizziness; Drug Monitoring; Huma | 1999 |
Other Studies
5 other studies available for lidocaine and Bends
Article | Year |
---|---|
Pharmacological interventions to decompression sickness in rats: comparison of five agents.
Topics: Air Pressure; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Anticoagulants; Aspirin; Caro | 2008 |
Ventricular dysrhythmia associated with serious decompression sickness.
Topics: Adult; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Decompression Sickness; Diving; Electrocardiography; Heart Ventricles; | 1980 |
Neurological decompression illness in swine.
Topics: Animals; Decompression Sickness; Disease Models, Animal; Lidocaine; Male; Purpura; Skin; Spinal Cord | 1996 |
Intravenous lidocaine as adjunctive therapy in the treatment of decompression illness.
Topics: Adult; Combined Modality Therapy; Decompression Sickness; Diving; Female; Humans; Hyperbaric Oxygena | 1997 |
Lidocaine as an adjunct to hyperbaric therapy in decompression illness: a case report.
Topics: Adult; Atmosphere Exposure Chambers; Combined Modality Therapy; Decompression Sickness; Humans; Infu | 1992 |