lewis-x-antigen and Lymphoma--B-Cell

The diagnosis of Hodgkin's disease is based on histopathologic examination and the demonstration of Reed-Sternberg cells. These cells express antigens (Ki-1/CD30 CD15) which are of diagnostic value. Two types of Hodgkin's disease are now identified: 1. the "classical Hodgkin's disease" which includes nodular sclerosis, mixed cellularity and some tumors rich in malignant cells formerly designated Hodgkin's disease with lymphocyte depletion; 2. the "lymphocyte predominance Hodgkin's disease" in particular the nodular form (paragranuloma). These lesions are now considered an indolent form of B-cell lymphoma with possible transformation into large B-cell lymphoma. Epstein-Barr virus is involved in the "Classical Hodgkin's disease" but not in the "Lymphocyte predominance Hodgkin's disease". However, the role of Epstein-Barr virus in the occurrence of the disease and the prognostic implications of its detection remain ro be elucidated.

Topics: Herpesvirus 4, Human; Hodgkin Disease; Humans; Immunophenotyping; Ki-1 Antigen; Lewis X Antigen; Lymphoma, B-Cell; Reed-Sternberg Cells

To study clinical and histopathological features, and diagnosis of mediastinal tumours of haematopoietic and lymphoid tissues (MTHL).. Forty cases of MTHL were analyzed for clinicopathology by microscopy and immunohistochemical staining and in situ hybridization, according to the updated 2008 WHO classification of tumours of haematopoietic and lymphoid tissues.. In 40 cases of MTHL, there were 20 males and 20 females. The ratio of male/female was 1:1. The mean age was 31.8 years and median age was 29 years (range, 12 - 70 years).Superior vena cava syndrome was observed in 28 cases. The specimens of 4 cases were obtained by lumpectomy, whereas 36 cases by biopsy (25 cases by thoracoscopy, 1 by core needle aspiration). Twenty cases lay in anterior mediastinum, and 2 in posterior, 1 in superior, 8 in anterior and superior, 2 in posterior and superior, 2 in anterior and middle, 1 in middle and anterior mediastinum.Frozen section were performed in 28 cases, and 17 cases were diagnosed as tumours of haematopoietic and lymphoid tissues (consistency ratio was 60.7%). Twelve cases were classical Hodgkin lymphomas (cHL) (8 were nodular sclerosis subtype, and 3 were mixed cellarity, 1 was lymphocyte-rich subtype), and 10 were primary mediastinal (thymic) large B cell lymphoma (PMBCL), 10 were precursor lymphocyte neoplasm [8 were T lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphomas (T-LBL), 2 were B-LBL], 1 was MALT lymphoma, 1 was composite lymphoma (PMBCL and cHL), 2 were myeloid sarcomas, 4 were gray zone lymphomas (GZL) (3 had morphology reminiscent of cHL, and 1 of DLBCL, all cases were positive for CD20, PAX5, CD30 and CD15).EBER were detected in 11 cases by in situ hybridization, 2 of which were positive (18.2%), and the 2 positive cases were cHL.. MTHLs occur predominantly in adolescents and young adults, mainly present as superior vena cava syndrome and anterior mediasinal masses. cHL, PMBCL, T-LBL were the most common MTHLs.GZLs mainly occur in young adults, those whose morphology reminiscent of cHL, immunohistochemistry reminiscent of PMBCL, and vice versa. Thoracoscopy, frozen section and a suitable panel of antibodies were practical approaches to MTHL.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Antigens, CD20; Child; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Hodgkin Disease; Humans; Ki-1 Antigen; Lewis X Antigen; Lymphoma, B-Cell; Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone; Male; Mediastinal Neoplasms; Middle Aged; PAX5 Transcription Factor; Precursor B-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma; Precursor T-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma; Retrospective Studies; Superior Vena Cava Syndrome; Survival Rate; Young Adult

Topics: Aged; B-Lymphocytes; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Hodgkin Disease; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Ki-1 Antigen; Lewis X Antigen; Lymphoma, B-Cell; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a heterogenous entity. The pattern of CD15, CD30 and Bcl-2 expression is not well documented, especially in local population. We investigated 67 consecutive cases of DLBCL by immunohistochemistry on paraffin-embedded tissue. The male to female ratio was 1.2:1 with median age of 55 years, and more common nodal than extranodal in presentation. Only 3 of 67 cases expressed CD15. In addition, three cases showed weak membrane staining for CD30. Only one of these three cases was noted to have co-expression of CD15 and with occasional tumour cells showing weak CD30 expression. Bcl-2 protein was expressed in 43 of 67 (64%), more frequently in nodal than in extranodal tumours. In conclusion, CD15 and CD30 expressions are infrequent in DLBCL, and co-expression is rare. Bcl-2 protein expression is common in DLBCL.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; bcl-2-Associated X Protein; Biomarkers, Tumor; Child; Female; Genes, bcl-2; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Ki-1 Antigen; Lewis X Antigen; Lymphoma, B-Cell; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse; Male; Middle Aged; Prospective Studies

The purpose of this study was to evaluate fluorescence in situ hybridization abnormalities of the 2p23 anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene loci in lymphomas with anaplastic morphology. We studied 24 anaplastic large cell lymphomas (ALCL) classified by World Health Organization criteria [17 primary nodal/systemic (10 ALK+, 7 ALK-), seven primary cutaneous], and 17 additional non-Hodgkin's lymphomas [one ALK+ B-lineage lymphoma, 14 ALK- diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (seven anaplastic variants, five nonanaplastic, two secondary CD30+), two follicular lymphomas]. ALK- lymphomas with anaplastic morphology showed extra nonrearranged anaplastic lymphoma kinase gene loci (P=0.004) due to trisomy 2 irrespective of the following factors: B or T/null phenotype (P=0.315), diagnostic categories of systemic or cutaneous ALCL or the above-mentioned B-cell lymphomas (P=0.131), and CD30 positivity by immunohistochemistry (P=1.000). Trisomy 2 was absent in all ALK+ lymphomas (P=0.009), which showed rearranged ALK gene loci (P<0.001). Whether trisomy 2 is a primary or secondary event that leads to ALK- lymphomas cannot be determined from this study. Its presence in secondary B-cell lymphomas suggests that trisomy 2 may be a secondary cytogenetic aberration in lymphomas in general. Further investigation of this finding is necessary to further our understanding of the heterogeneous group of ALK- lymphomas.

Topics: Adult; Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase; Child; Chromosome Aberrations; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 2; Female; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; Ki-1 Antigen; Lewis X Antigen; Lymphoma, B-Cell; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse; Male; Mucin-1; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; Statistics as Topic

Classical Hodgkin's lymphoma (cHL) rarely coexists as composite lymphoma with B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (B-NHL). We characterized 12 cases of composite marginal zone B-cell lymphoma (MZBL) and cHL by immunohistochemistry and molecular biology.. Eight patients had gastric MZBL of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT)-type, in five cases with a diffuse large B-cell lymphoma component. Concurrent cHL was observed either in the stomach wall, regional, or distant lymph nodes. One patient each had composite pulmonary/thyroid MZBL of MALT-type and cHL. In two cases, nodal composite MZBL and cHL was observed. cHL displayed features of mixed cellularity type in 10 cases, while in two cases only scattered Hodgkin- and Reed-Sternberg (H/RS) cells were noted. H/RS cells expressed CD30, multiple myeloma oncogene 1 protein (MUM1P), p53 (100%), CD15 (58%), CD20 (58%) and Epstein-Barr virus-associated LMP1 (50%). No t(11;18)(q21;q21) was detected in composite MZBL of MALT-type and cHL.. MZBL and cHL may occur as composite lymphoma, possibly reflecting clonal lymphoma progression. Derivation from extranodal MZBL of MALT-type should be excluded in cases in which a diagnosis of primary extranodal cHL is considered.

Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Antigens, CD; Antigens, CD20; B-Lymphocytes; Bronchi; CD79 Antigens; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 11; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 18; Female; Hodgkin Disease; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Ki-1 Antigen; Lewis X Antigen; Lymph Nodes; Lymphoma, B-Cell; Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse; Male; Middle Aged; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell; Stomach; Thyroid Gland; Translocation, Genetic; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53

Topics: Adult; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; Antigens, CD; Antigens, CD20; Antineoplastic Agents; CD79 Antigens; Cell Differentiation; Chromosome Deletion; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 6; Epstein-Barr Virus Infections; fas Receptor; Hodgkin Disease; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Ki-1 Antigen; Kidney Transplantation; Leukocyte Common Antigens; Lewis X Antigen; Lymphoma, B-Cell; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse; Lymphoproliferative Disorders; Male; Postoperative Complications; Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell; Rituximab; Treatment Outcome

We report a rare case of primary pulmonary Hodgkin's lymphoma associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and cytomegaly virus (CMV) infections as demonstrated by in situ hybridisation method. Reed-Sternberg cells were CD30 positive. Numerous CD15+ cells were noticed, some of them with concomitant CMV infection.

Topics: Cytomegalovirus; Cytomegalovirus Infections; Diagnosis, Differential; Epstein-Barr Virus Infections; Female; Herpesvirus 4, Human; Hodgkin Disease; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; In Situ Hybridization; Ki-1 Antigen; Lewis X Antigen; Lung Neoplasms; Lymphoma, B-Cell; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse; Lymphoma, T-Cell; Middle Aged; Reed-Sternberg Cells; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

The clinicopathological features of histiocyte-rich, T-cell-rich B-cell lymphoma (HRTR-BCL) were first recognized in 1992. In this study, 60 cases of HRTR-BCL were analysed in order to provide a detailed morphological and immunophenotypical profile of the disorder.. HRTR-BCL is easily distinguished from other B-cell lymphomas rich in stromal T-cells by (i) a diffuse or vaguely nodular growth pattern, (ii) the presence of a minority population of CD15-, CD20+ large neoplastic B-cells, (iii) a prominent stromal component composed of both T-cells and non-epithelioid histiocytes, and (iv) the scarcity of small reactive B-cells. These criteria also enable a reliable distinction from lymphocyte-rich classical Hodgkin's lymphoma (CHL), from lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin's lymphoma (LPHL), paragranuloma type and from peripheral T-cell lymphoma. Based on the morphology of the neoplastic cells and on their frequent bcl-6 immunoreactivity, we speculate that HRTR-BCL may be derived from a progenitor cell of germinal centre origin.. HRTR-BCL presents characteristic clinical features, affecting predominantly middle-aged men who present with advanced stage disease and are at high risk of treatment failure. Considering these distinctive clinicopathological features, recognizing HRTR-BCL as a lymphoma entity may be justified.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Antigens, CD20; Biomarkers, Tumor; Cyclin D1; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Histiocytes; Humans; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Immunophenotyping; Lewis X Antigen; Lymph Nodes; Lymphoma, B-Cell; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse; Male; Middle Aged; Spleen; T-Lymphocytes

Large B-cell lymphoma manifesting in the mediastinum shows distinctive clinical and immunophenotypic features and is recognized as a unique type of large B-cell lymphoma in the Revised European-American Lymphoma classification. Fifty-one cases of primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma were retrieved from the immunodiagnosis laboratory database files and were stained with anti-CD30 (Ber-H2). Of the 51 cases, 35 (69%) stained for CD30. This staining ranged from strong membrane staining of all or almost all of the neoplastic cells to positivity of rare individual cells. Eleven cases (22%) were negative; 4 (8%) were equivocal. Only 1 case was uninterpretable owing to B-5 fixation and lack of a positive internal control. Thus, the majority of mediastinal large B-cell lymphomas express the Hodgkin marker CD30. This finding may result in misdiagnosis of large cell lymphoma as Hodgkin disease.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Antigens, Neoplasm; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Hodgkin Disease; Humans; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Ki-1 Antigen; Leukocyte Common Antigens; Lewis X Antigen; Lymphoma, B-Cell; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse; Male; Mediastinal Neoplasms; Middle Aged

We describe the histologic and immunohistochemical findings in specimens from bone marrow (BM) biopsies performed for staging purposes in 13 patients with a previous tissue-based diagnosis of T-cell-rich B-cell lymphoma (TCRBCL). Bone marrow involvement was found in 8 (62%) of 13 cases and was often paratrabecular. The histologic appearance was not pathognomonic of TCRBCL, with the differential diagnosis including Hodgkin's disease and peripheral T-cell lymphoma. The infiltrates typically had a pale low-power appearance (due to histiocytic infiltration, relative hypocellularity, or both) that, in conjunction with the presence of a polymorphous infiltrate of scattered large atypical cells amid a mixed infiltrate of small lymphocytes and histiocytes, was suggestive of Hodgkin's disease. Immunohistochemistry revealed CD20 reactivity of the large atypical cells with the absence of CD15 and CD30 reactivity, supporting the diagnosis of TCRBCL. A prominent small T-cell infiltrate accompanying the large atypical cells was observed in all positive BM biopsy specimens. The increased incidence of BM involvement in TCRBCL is significantly higher than that found in de novo B-cell diffuse large cell lymphoma, suggesting a possible biologic difference between the two entities. Our cases share some similar clinicopathologic features with histiocyte-rich B-cell lymphoma and with diffuse lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin's disease, paragranuloma type. We discuss the possible relationship to these two entities.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Antigens, CD20; Biopsy; Bone Marrow; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Genotype; Hodgkin Disease; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Immunophenotyping; Ki-1 Antigen; Lewis X Antigen; Lymph Nodes; Lymphoma, B-Cell; Lymphoma, T-Cell; Male; Middle Aged; Survival Rate; T-Lymphocytes

B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas with a marked preponderance of reactive T cells, so-called T-cell rich B-cell lymphomas (TCRBCLs), can be morphologically confused with Hodgkin's disease (HD). To establish helpful distinguishing features in paraffin sections, 10 cases of L26-positive, CD15-negative HD and 10 cases of TCRBCL were compared; 4 cases of HD had morphologic features of the nodular lymphocyte predominant (LP) type. Nine of 10 cases of HD contained fewer than 20 mitoses/20 high power fields (hpf) and only 1 had pericapsular involvement. In contrast, 9 of 10 TCRBCL had greater than 20 mitoses/20 hpf and 7 had perinodal infiltration. HDLP was easily distinguished from TCRBCL by the expanded dendritic meshworks outlining the L & H nodules and the high content of CD57-positive lymphocytes. The remaining 6 cases of non-LP L26-positive HD had a relatively distinctive immunostaining pattern, with absence of CD45 and discordant reactivity for L26 and Ki-B5 in Reed-Sternberg cells and variants. Only 3 cases of TCRBCL had a similar CD45 and L26/Ki-B5 immunostaining pattern, and these could be distinguished by demonstrable cytoplasmic light-chain restriction. These results show that evaluation of the mitotic count, pericapsular involvement, and immunohistochemical staining patterns for Ki-M4p, CD57, L26/Ki-B5, and CD45 can help to discriminate TCRBCL from L26-positive HD when only fixed material is available.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Antigens, Neoplasm; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Hodgkin Disease; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Lewis X Antigen; Lymphoma, B-Cell; Male; Middle Aged; T-Lymphocytes