levetiracetam and Pain--Postoperative

Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic; Double-Blind Method; Humans; India; Levetiracetam; Pain, Postoperative; Piracetam; Premedication; Prospective Studies; Time Factors; Tramadol; Treatment Outcome

The aim of this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study was to test whether levetiracetam relieves the postmastectomy pain syndrome (PMPS).. Postmastectomy pain syndrome was defined as pain of neuropathic character located in the area of the surgery and/or the ipsilateral arm. The inclusion criteria were: age more than 18 years, characteristic symptoms corresponding to PMPS more than 6 months after surgery for breast cancer, pain duration more than 3 months, peripheral nerve lesions confirmed by abnormal neurological and quantitative sensory tests, intensity of pain more than 4 on a numeric rating scale from 0 to 10 and pain present at least 4 days a week.. Forty-nine patients were screened for participation and 27 patients were included in the study. Twenty-five patients completed two treatment phases of 4 weeks duration with levetiracetam (3000 mg/day) and placebo. There was no difference in the rating of pain relief between treatment with levetiracetam (P = 0.83) and placebo nor when adjusted for possible period effect (P = 0.60). Analysis defining response as pain relief more than 4 on an eleven-point numeric rating scale showed no significant difference between treatment with levetiracetam and placebo (P = 1.00).. Levetiracetam apparently does not relieve peripheral neuropathic pain in PMPS.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Analgesics; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Levetiracetam; Mastectomy; Middle Aged; Neuralgia; Pain, Postoperative; Piracetam

Preemptive versus therapeutic effects of levetiracetam were investigated in a model of postoperative incisional pain in rats.. Levetiracetam (250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg intraperitoneal (i.p.) or morphine (5 mg/kg i.p.) was administered either 1 h before (preemptive administration) or 1 h after (therapeutic administration) incisional surgery to the hind paw of rats. The effects of levetiracetam were evaluated based on thermal hyperalgesia measured by the plantar test.. All preoperatively treated levetiracetam groups showed a significant, dose dependent, increase in paw withdrawal latency. However, post-incisional administration of levetiracetam produced no antihyperalgesic effect at any dose or at any time. In contrast, post-incisional administration of morphine reduced thermal hyperalgesia, while preemptive administration of morphine did not produce any significant antihyperalgesic effects.. The present results suggest that levetiracetam might possess preemptive analgesic activity.

Topics: Analgesics; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Levetiracetam; Male; Morphine; Pain, Postoperative; Piracetam; Premedication; Preoperative Care; Random Allocation; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Statistics, Nonparametric; Treatment Outcome