leukotriene-e4 and Lung-Neoplasms

To ensure the suitable preservation of isolated lungs, a super-cooling system was used to cool water to temperatures as low as -5 degrees C without freezing.. After lung tissues were obtained from patients with lung cancer, they were kept at -5 degrees C or 4 degrees C for as many as 5 days, and then they were histologically and biochemically examined. To evaluate biochemical stability, tissues after storage were passively sensitized with immunoglobulin E and then incubated with anti-immunoglobulin-E antibody.. Although tissues preserved at -5 degrees C for 5 days had an almost normal appearance with intact cilia on bronchial epithelium and normal endothelium, tissues stored at 4 degrees C showed degradation of these structures. Single-stranded DNA, a sign of DNA cleavage, was frequently noted in tissues stored at 4 degrees C, but only rarely observed at -5 degrees C. A significant amount of cysteinyl-leukotrienes was generated from tissues stored at -5 degrees C for 3 days, but there was no response to antibody stimulation from tissues stored at 4 degrees C.. Super-cooling systems may provide useful applications as a novel preserving method.

Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anaphylaxis; Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic; Cryopreservation; DNA, Single-Stranded; Female; Humans; Hypertonic Solutions; Leukotriene C4; Leukotriene D4; Leukotriene E4; Lung; Lung Neoplasms; Lung Transplantation; Male; Middle Aged; Organ Preservation; Organ Preservation Solutions; Pneumonectomy; Refrigeration; Static Electricity; Temperature; Tissue and Organ Harvesting

During or after surgery, asthma attacks due to airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) are likely to occur in patients with bronchial asthma. Preoperative administration of corticosteroid for prevention of perioperative asthma attacks is useful. We examined the mechanism of prevention of perioperative asthma attacks by the preoperative administration of corticosteroid in vitro.. Five patients with asthma were treated with 20 mg of prednisolone orally for 2 preoperative days and 80 mg of methylprednisolone IV immediately before and after surgery. In another five patients without asthma, no steroids were administered. A noncarcinomatous part of the resected tissue from each patient with lung cancer was passively sensitized with the serum of an atopic patient. In the patients without asthma, the tissue was treated with or without dexamethasone, and then mite antigen was added.. The culture supernatant and lung tissue were recovered, and the supernatant was assayed for histamine, leukotriene E(4) (LTE(4)), interleukin (IL)-5, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha. Degranulation of mast cells was measured by tryptase staining of the lung tissue, and the expression of messenger RNA (mRNA) of IL-5 and TNF-alpha was determined by the reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction method.. While preoperative administration of corticosteroid did not suppress the release of histamine and LTE(4) from the lungs of asthmatic patients, it completely suppressed IL-5 and TNF-alpha production at the mRNA level. The same results were obtained in lung tissues of nonasthmatic patients treated in vitro with dexamethasone.. Our results suggest that corticosteroid treatment reduces AHR and prevents perioperative attacks of asthma primarily by suppressing the production of inflammatory cytokines.

Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Aged; Asthma; Bronchial Hyperreactivity; Cytokines; Female; Gene Expression; Histamine Release; Humans; Infusions, Intravenous; Interleukin-5; Intraoperative Complications; Leukotriene E4; Lung; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Methylprednisolone; Middle Aged; Pneumonectomy; Prednisolone; Premedication; Pulmonary Emphysema; RNA, Messenger; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha