leukotriene-b4 and Cough

To study the effect of Hanchuan Zupa granule combined with conventional western medicine in the treatment of children with bronchial asthma.. 98 cases in Fengrun District People's Hospital of Tangshan City from June 2018 to February 2021 were selected. The control group was given oxygen therapy, antibiotics, and aerosol inhalation of quick acting. After treatment, the levels of sputum IL-4, IL-17, neu, and ECP in the two groups decreased, and the observation group was lower than the control group (. Bairui granule combined with conventional western medicine in the treatment of children with bronchial asthma, the curative effect is worthy of affirmation, can effectively improve cough symptoms, reduce EOS, CXCR, LTB4, SDF-1 levels, inhibit airway inflammation, and has good clinical application value.

Topics: Asthma; Child; Cough; Eosinophils; Humans; Inflammation Mediators; Leukotriene B4; Leukotriene C4; Sputum

Asthmatic patients are hypersensitive to the cough-provoking effect of hypertonic aerosols. 15- hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (15(S)-HETE) and leukotriene (LT) B4 are asthma-related mediators which can be released upon hypertonic stimuli, and both are potent agonists of the transient receptor potential vanilloid subfamily member 1 (TRPV1), a major cough receptor. Therefore, they are potential mediators for hypertonicity-provoked cough. Twenty-six asthmatic and ten healthy subjects underwent a hypertonic saline cough provocation test. Exhaled breath condensate was collected before and after the test, and the concentrations of 15(S)-HETE and LTB4 were analysed. Neither the baseline concentrations of these mediators nor the saline test-induced changes in them were associated with cough responsiveness to hypertonicity. High baseline 15(S)-HETE was associated with aspirin hypersensitivity and high LTB4 with male sex and large variability in ambulatory peak flow measurements. The TRPV1 agonists 15(S)-HETE and LTB4 seem not to be involved in the cough response to hypertonicity in asthmatic patients.

Topics: Adult; Asthma; Bronchial Provocation Tests; Cough; Female; Humans; Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic Acids; Leukotriene B4; Male; Middle Aged; Saline Solution, Hypertonic; TRPV Cation Channels

Macrolides are antibiotics that have anti-inflammatory activities. Hence, they are used for both acute and chronic inflammatory airway diseases. However, the effects of these agents on allergic airway disorders presenting with an isolated chronic cough, such as non-asthmatic eosinophilic bronchitis and eosinophilic tracheobronchitis with cough hypersensitivity (atopic cough), still remain to be elucidated.. To determine if macrolides are effective in the management of chronic cough caused by eosinophilic airway inflammation.. The cough reflex sensitivity to inhaled capsaicin was measured at 48h after challenge with an aerosolized antigen in actively sensitized guinea pigs. The 14-, 15- or 16-membered macrolides (erythromycin, azythromycin, or josamycin, respectively) were given intraperitoneally every 12h after the antigen challenge. Bronchoalveolar lavage and the resection of the tracheal tissue were performed immediately after the measurement of the cough response to capsaicin.. The antigen-induced increase in the number of coughs elicited by capsaicin inhalation was significantly reduced by treatments with erythromycin and azythromycin, but not with josamycin. Erythromycin dose-dependently inhibited the increases in the substance P, prostaglandin E(2) and leukotriene B(4) levels, but not the histamine levels, in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. However, erythromycin did not influence the antigen-induced decrease in the neutral endopeptidase (NEP) activity in the tracheal tissue.. Both 14- and 15-membered, but not 16-membered, macrolides could reduce the antigen-induced cough reflex hypersensitivity by inhibiting the antigen-induced release of the afferent sensory nerve sensitizers. These macrolides may be therapeutically useful for the treatment of isolated chronic cough based on cough reflex hypersensitivity in allergic airway diseases such as non-asthmatic eosinophilic bronchitis and atopic cough.

Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antigens; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid; Cough; Dinoprostone; Erythromycin; Guinea Pigs; Leukotriene B4; Macrolides; Male; Reflex; Substance P

It is unclear how chronic expectoration influences airway inflammation in patients with chronic lung disease. The aim of this study was to investigate factors influencing inflammation in induced sputum samples, including, in particular, chronic sputum production. Myeloperoxidase, interleukin-8, leukotriene B4 (LTB4), neutrophil elastase, secretory leukoprotease inhibitor (SLPI) and protein leakage were compared in induced sputum samples from 48 patients (36 with chronic expectoration) with COPD (with and without alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency; AATD), 9 individuals with AATD but without lung disease and 14 healthy controls. There were no differences in inflammation in induced sputum samples from healthy control subjects and from AATD deficient patients with normal lung function but without chronic expectoration (P>0.05). Inflammation in induced sputum from AATD patients with airflow obstruction and chronic sputum expectoration was significantly greater than for similar patients who did not expectorate: Interleukin-8 (P<0.01), elastase activity (P=0.01), and protein leakage (P<0.01). The presence of spontaneous sputum expectoration in AATD patients with airflow obstruction was associated with increased neutrophilic airway inflammation in induced sputum samples. The presence of chronic expectoration in some patients will clearly complicate interpretation of studies employing sputum induction where this feature has not been identified.

Topics: Adult; Aged; alpha 1-Antitrypsin Deficiency; Biomarkers; Bronchi; Case-Control Studies; Cough; Female; Humans; Inflammation; Interleukin-8; Leukotriene B4; Male; Middle Aged; Pancreatic Elastase; Peroxidase; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive; Saline Solution, Hypertonic; Serum Albumin; Sputum