leptin and Rhinitis--Allergic--Perennial

Cross-sectional and longitudinal reports show that obese adults have more asthma than non-obese adults. A proposed mechanism is via effects of adipokines (leptin and adiponectin) on the immune system.. We wished to measure the associations of asthma and other atopic diseases with serum adipokine levels and to find whether the associations with asthma were strong enough to rule out the possibility that they are secondary to the association of fatness measures with asthma.. The Global Asthma and Allergy Network of Excellence (GA(2) LEN) clinical follow-up survey is a clinical survey, embedded in a larger multi-centre cross-sectional postal survey, involving, with a case/control design, enrichment of the sample with subjects with asthma and chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). We recorded serum leptin or adiponectin in 845 men and 1110 women in 15 centres and also anthropometric measures of fatness including body mass index and waist/hip ratio, current asthma, and specific skin prick and IgE sensitisation. We used inverse sampling-probability-weighted rank and regression statistics to measure population associations of disease outcomes with adipokines in males and females, adjusting for confounders (area, age, smoking history, and number of elder siblings) and also mutually adjusting associations with adipokines and fatness measures.. One thousand nine hundred and fifty-five subjects aged 16-77 years had information on leptin or adiponectin levels. Leptin and leptin/adiponectin ratio were positively associated with the level of asthma, especially in females (Somers' D of leptin by asthma score, 0.20; 95% CI, 0.08-0.30; P = 0.00079). These associations were attenuated after adjusting for confounders and became non-significant after additionally adjusting for fatness measures and multiple comparisons.. Asthma levels are positively associated with serum leptin. However, we cannot rule out the possibility that this association is secondary to associations of both with fatness measures.

Topics: Adiponectin; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Asthma; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Leptin; Male; Middle Aged; Obesity; Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial; Sex Factors; Skin Tests

The aim of this study was to evaluate the roles of leptin and adiponectin, which are adipokines produced by adipose tissue, in childhood allergic rhinitis (AR), and their association with severity of AR, parameters of atopy and pro-/anti-inflammatory cytokines. Serum levels of leptin, adiponectin, mite allergen-specific and total immunoglobulin E, eosinophil cationic protein (ECP), and pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines were analysed in 97 non-asthmatic children presenting with persistent AR and in 64 controls. The nasal symptom scores and body mass index were evaluated at the time of blood collection. We found that patients had significantly higher serum levels of leptin and significantly lower serum levels of adiponectin than controls. Furthermore, multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that leptin and adiponectin were significant predictive factors for AR. Serum levels of leptin and adiponectin were significantly correlated with nasal symptom scores. There was no correlation between levels of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and level of leptin or adiponectin. A significant negative correlation was observed between serum levels of adiponectin and ECP levels in AR children. Our findings suggest that serum leptin and adiponectin levels may serve as predictors of disease severity in childhood AR and both of them appear to be attractive candidates for unmasking or modulating AR.

Topics: Adiponectin; Adipose Tissue; Antigens, Dermatophagoides; Child; Child, Preschool; Cytokines; Disease Progression; Eosinophil Cationic Protein; Female; Humans; Immunoglobulin E; Leptin; Male; Nasal Obstruction; Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial

Topics: Animals; Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Biomarkers; Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic; Comorbidity; Desensitization, Immunologic; Diagnosis, Differential; Diagnostic Tests, Routine; Humans; Leptin; Nitric Oxide; Omalizumab; Product Surveillance, Postmarketing; Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial; Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory