leptin and Joint-Diseases

Leptin is an adipokine with pleiotropic actions that regulates food intake, energy metabolism, inflammation and immunity, and also participates in the complex mechanism that regulates skeleton biology, both at bone and cartilage level. Leptin is increased in obesity and contributes to the "low-grade inflammatory state" of obese subjects causing a cluster of metabolic aberrations that affects joints and bone. In this review, we report the most recent research advances about the role of leptin in bone and cartilage function and its implication in inflammatory and degenerative joint diseases, such as osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis and osteoporosis.

Topics: Adipose Tissue; Animals; Bone Diseases; Energy Metabolism; Humans; Joint Diseases; Leptin; Obesity; Signal Transduction

Authors discuss the musculoskeletal aspects of obesity by applying a novel approach. Biochemical changes associated with obesity and especially metabolic syndrome, may have a great impact on the function of bones, joints and muscles. Therefore we need a new view and new strategies in rheumatic diseases. Obesity-associated metabolic changes should be considered during the progress of as well as the selection of treatment in inflammatory rheumatic diseases. Individualised treatment is necessary due to associated comorbidities as well. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(44): 1727-1734.. Absztrakt: A szerzők az elhízás mozgásszervi vonatkozásait új megközelítésben, elsősorban annak metabolikus hatásait kiemelve ismertetik. Az elhízással és különösen a metabolikus szindrómával járó biokémiai változások megváltoztatják a csont, az ízületi struktúrák és az izomzat működését. Ezek alapján szemléletváltozás szükséges bizonyos kórképekben az eddig kialakult nézetekben. A gyulladásos reumatológiai betegségek lefolyásának súlyosságában és az alkalmazott kezelések megválasztásában is figyelembe kell venni az elhízással járó anyagcsere-változásokat. A társuló komorbiditások miatt a személyre szabott kezelés fontossága kiemelt jelentőségű. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(44): 1727–1734.

Topics: Adipokines; Arthritis; Humans; Joint Diseases; Leptin; Metabolic Syndrome; Musculoskeletal Diseases; Obesity; Osteoarthritis; Rheumatic Diseases

The purpose of this study was to identify whether leptin and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) occur in the degenerative fibrocartilage disk and whether cartilage cells express leptin receptors.. The study included 23 patients diagnosed with degenerative articular disk tears of the triangular fibrocartilage (TFC) (Palmer type 2C). Patients were divided into 2 groups based on ulna length: 1 group consisted of patients with an ulna-positive variance (group A), and the other group included patients with ulna-negative or -neutral variance (group B). After arthroscopic debridement of the TFC, histologic sections of biopsy specimens were prepared. The biopsy specimens were immunohistochemically analyzed, and the quantity of leptin-, CTGF-, and leptin receptor-positive cells was assessed.. Cells positive for leptin, leptin receptor, and CTGF were found. The number of cells positive for leptin was significantly increased in specimens of patients with an ulna-negative variance (group B). In contrast, no significant difference was found for leptin receptor and CTGF in biopsy specimens of patients with ulna-positive or ulna-negative/neutral variance. The inner, middle, and outer zones of the disk do not express significantly different quantities of marker-positive cells.. Degenerative fibrocartilage disk tissue cells exhibit leptin receptors and are exposed to the markers leptin and CTGF, providing evidence of a local paracrine system and regenerative processes. Cells of disks from patients with an ulna-neutral/negative length express significantly higher numbers of leptin-positive cells.. Level II, diagnostic study.

Topics: Adult; Biomarkers; Biopsy; Cartilage, Articular; Cells, Cultured; Chondrocytes; Connective Tissue Growth Factor; Debridement; Female; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Joint Diseases; Leptin; Male; Prognosis; Receptors, Leptin; Rupture, Spontaneous; Severity of Illness Index; Wrist Joint