leptin and Fetal-Membranes--Premature-Rupture

We investigated differences between singleton and twin gestations in immune mediators in midtrimester amniotic fluid.. Amniotic fluid from 252 singleton and 46 twin gestations were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for interleukin-1beta, interleukin-1 receptor antagonist, interleukin-4, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, nitric oxide, Clara cell protein 16, leptin, and the 70-kDa heat shock protein. A subset of amniotic fluid was also tested for leukemia inhibitory factor, angiogenin, and migration inhibitory factor-related protein 8 and migration inhibitory factor-related protein 14. Data were analyzed by the Mann-Whitney U test and Spearman rank correlation.. Median concentrations of interleukin-1beta, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-4, Clara cell protein 16, leptin, and angiogenin were increased in amniotic fluid from twins; median levels of the 70-kDa heat shock protein, leukemia inhibitory factor, migration inhibitory factor-related protein 8, and migration inhibitory factor-related protein 14 were highest in amniotic fluid from singletons (P < .001).. Elevated levels of immune activators may contribute to the increased rate of preterm premature rupture of membranes and spontaneous preterm birth in twin populations.

Topics: Adult; Amniotic Fluid; Female; Fetal Membranes, Premature Rupture; HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins; Humans; Inflammation; Interleukin-1; Interleukins; Leptin; Macrophage Migration-Inhibitory Factors; Phospholipases A; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Trimester, Second; Pregnancy, Multiple; Twins; Uteroglobin