ledermix and Dental-Leakage

Materials applied to teeth release chemicals which may diffuse through dentine to either harm or help the dental pulp. Chemical threats are minimized by material choice or by using relatively impermeable lining or base materials which are themselves of low chemical toxicity. The most probable long-term threat to the pulp in the restored tooth is bacterial, through leakage around restorations. This may be prevented by the use of treatment sequences designed to develop an effective seal. Pulpal inflammation is treated primarily by removal of the irritant cause; inflammation may also be suppressed in the very short term by corticosteroids, and its resolution aided in the longer term by zinc oxide-eugenol preparations.

Topics: Demeclocycline; Dental Cements; Dental Leakage; Dental Materials; Dental Pulp Capping; Dentin; Dentin Permeability; Drug Combinations; Humans; Pulpitis; Triamcinolone Acetonide; Zinc Oxide-Eugenol Cement

The aim of this study was to examine whether intracanal medication prior to root canal obturation has an inhibitory effect on corono-apical penetration of bacteria. 93 single rooted teeth were instrumented and sterilized with ethylene oxide. They were assigned to three control groups and four test groups with n = 20 each. For one week, they were dressed with different medicaments: The first group with a 5% chlorhexidine gel, the second with Ledermix, the third with a fresh mix of calcium hydroxide and water and the fourth without any medication. After obturation (lateral condensation, AH26) the roots were fixed between a top and a bottom chamber. The top chamber contained 3 mL trypticase soy broth with 10(8) Staphylococcus epidermidis CFU's/mL, whereas the bottom chamber contained sterile trypticase soy broth. For one year, the mounts were incubated at 37 degrees C. They were checked on a regular basis for turbidity in their bottom chambers indicating bacterial growth. None of the test samples leaked for three months. After one year, the calcium hydroxide group had only 6 leaking samples whereas the chlorhexidine group had 14, the Ledermix group 15, and the unmedicated group had 13 leaking samples. It may be concluded that under the conditions of this study, calcium hydroxide was the medicament of choice to avoid bacterial penetration of the root canal. Ledermix did not perform better than no premedication. Chlorhexidine was superior to Ledermix in the second third of the observation period.

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Bismuth; Calcium Hydroxide; Chi-Square Distribution; Chlorhexidine; Demeclocycline; Dental Leakage; Dental Pulp Cavity; Drug Combinations; Epoxy Resins; Humans; Methenamine; Root Canal Filling Materials; Root Canal Irrigants; Root Canal Obturation; Silver; Staphylococcus epidermidis; Time Factors; Titanium; Triamcinolone Acetonide

The aim of this study was to evaluate the time required by four different root canal medications coupled with the temporary filling material Cavit (ESPE, Seefeld, Germany) to prevent penetration of bacteria into the root canal. There were 145 roots prepared in a standardized manner. Four groups with 15 samples each were dressed with calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)(2)), a 5% chlorhexidine gel (CHX), a chloromono-campherphenolic compound (ChKM), and Ledermix (LM), respectively, and sealed with Cavit. Four control groups contained identical medications but the roots were left unsealed. The 25 remaining roots served as additional controls. A standard setup for bacterial leakage studies was chosen with Staphylococcus epidermidis as test strain. Cavit application resulted in a significantly better seal compared with the unsealed groups. In the Cavit-sealed groups, all groups differed significantly from one another except for the CHX and the ChKM groups. The Ca(OH)(2) medicated roots provided the longest protection (median of 36 days), followed by the Ledermix-group (27 days) and the CHX (18 days) or ChKM groups (19 days). It may be concluded that Cavit-sealed and medicated root canals do not provide adequate protection against bacterial leakage for more than 1 month.

Topics: Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Calcium Hydroxide; Calcium Sulfate; Camphor; Chlorophenols; Cuspid; Demeclocycline; Dental Cements; Dental Leakage; Drug Combinations; Humans; Polyvinyls; Root Canal Filling Materials; Root Canal Irrigants; Staphylococcus epidermidis; Triamcinolone Acetonide; Zinc Oxide