laromustine and Hematologic-Neoplasms

Laromustine (Onrigin™), formerly known as Cloretazine(®) (VNP40101M), belongs to a novel class of alkylating agents--the sulfonylhydrazines--and was selected for clinical development based on its broad anti-tumor activity in preclinical models. Laromustine is metabolized to yield 90CE and methylisocyanate, the former rapidly produces an alkylating, chloroethylating species, similar to the chloroethylating species generated by carmustine. However, several features distinguish laromustine from carmustine and possibly account for their biological differences in vitro and in vivo. The chloroethylating species responsible for laromustine's alkylator effect is relatively specific for guanine and forms a crosslink after incorporation into DNA. Laromustine has significant activity in both older patients with previously untreated acute myeloid leukemia or high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome, including those with very poor-risk disease, and in patients with relapsed disease. Further clinical studies are required with laromustine to evaluate its place as an anticancer agent in other hematological malignancies.

Topics: Animals; Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating; Clinical Trials as Topic; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Hematologic Neoplasms; Humans; Hydrazines; Sulfonamides

Topics: Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating; Clinical Trials, Phase I as Topic; Dacarbazine; Hematologic Neoplasms; Hematology; Humans; Hydrazines; Leukemia, Myeloid; Multiple Myeloma; Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit; Sulfonamides; Temozolomide