lactoferrin and Jaw--Edentulous--Partially

The aim of the present study was to characterise microbiota and inflammatory host response around implants and teeth in patients with peri-implantitis. We included 17 partly edentulous patients with a total of 98 implants, of which 45 showed marginal bone loss of more than three fixture threads after the first year of loading. Nineteen subjects with stable marginal tissue conditions served as controls. Oral hygiene, gingival inflammation, and probing pocket depth were evaluated clinically at teeth and implants. Microbiological and crevicular fluid samples were collected from five categories of sites: 1) implants with peri-implantitis (PI), 2) stable implants (SI) in patients with both stable and peri-implantitis implants, 3) control implants (CI) in patients with stable implants alone, 4) teeth in patients (TP) and 5) controls (TC). Crevicular fluid from teeth and implants was analysed for elastase activity, lactoferrin and IL-1 beta concentrations. Elastase activity was higher at PI than at CI in controls. Lactoferrin concentration was higher at PI than at SI in patients with peri-implantitis. Higher levels of both lactoferrin and elastase activity were found at PI than at teeth in patients. The concentrations of IL-1 beta were about the same in the various sites. Microbiological DNA-probe analysis revealed a putative periodontal microflora at teeth and implants in patients and controls. Patients with peri-implantitis harboured high levels of periodontal pathogens, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, Bacteroides forsythus and Treponema denticola. These findings indicate a site-specific inflammation rather than a patient-associated specific host response.

Topics: Aged; Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans; Alveolar Bone Loss; Bacteroides; Dental Implants; Dental Plaque Index; Female; Gingival Crevicular Fluid; Gingivitis; Humans; Interleukin-1; Jaw, Edentulous, Partially; Lactoferrin; Male; Middle Aged; Pancreatic Elastase; Periodontal Index; Periodontal Pocket; Periodontitis; Porphyromonas gingivalis; Prevotella intermedia; Statistics, Nonparametric; Treponema

The 19 patients included in this study had all been successfully treated for total or partial edentulism with single crystal sapphire implants as retention for overdentures or fixed bridges. As there is a need for more reliable non-invasive parameters for detecting changes surrounding endosseous implants, the aim of this study was to assess the content and the activity of neutrophils in crevicular fluid samples from 3 categories of sites: (1) crevices around implants from edentulous patients (2) crevices around implants in partially edentulous patients, and (3) crevices surrounding teeth. Fluid samples were taken with paper strips from 9 partially edentulous and 10 edentulous patients and the volume measured with a Periotron 6000. Elastase activity was measured as a marker of neutrophil activity and lactoferrin concentration as a marker of the number of neutrophils. Elastase activity per microliter and lactoferrin concentration was, despite similar clinical and radiographic signs, significantly higher in samples from crevices surrounding teeth and implants in the partially edentulous patients compared to samples from crevices around implants in the totally edentulous patients. There were no differences between teeth and implants in partially edentulous patients. The increased elastase activity and lactoferrin concentration indicates a higher neutrophil activity in patients with remaining teeth.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Aluminum Oxide; Biomarkers; Dental Implantation, Endosseous; Dental Implants; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Female; Gingival Crevicular Fluid; Humans; Jaw, Edentulous, Partially; Lactoferrin; Leukocyte Count; Leukocyte Elastase; Male; Middle Aged; Mouth, Edentulous; Neutrophil Activation; Neutrophils; Periodontitis; Proteins; Statistics, Nonparametric