lactoferrin and Gingival-Hemorrhage

Whole saliva is a complex mixture of fluids essential for the well-being of the oral hard and soft tissues. Saliva contains numerous antimicrobial proteins that help protect the oral ecosystem from infectious agents. Chronic periodontitis is an infectious chronic inflammatory condition that affects the tooth-supporting structures and leads to their destruction. The aim of the present study was to investigate differences in concentrations of salivary lactoferrin in subjects with and without periodontal disease and correlate these values with clinical variables associated with periodontal disease.. Stimulated whole saliva was collected from 17 subjects with chronic periodontitis and 17 periodontally healthy control subjects. Data relating to bleeding on probing, probing pocket depth and horizontal bone loss were registered. Concentrations of lactoferrin, lysozyme and IgA in stimulated whole saliva were quantified using ELISA.. Subjects with chronic periodontits showed higher concentrations of lactoferrin in stimulated whole saliva compared with periodontally healthy control subjects (p < 0.05). Salivary concentrations of lactoferrin were positively correlated with bleeding on probing (p < 0.001) and the number of sites with probing pocket depth ≥ 6 mm (p < 0.001).. Lactoferrin is raised in stimulated whole saliva in subjects with chronic periodontitis and is correlated with probing pocket depth ≥ 6 mm.

Topics: Adult; Alveolar Bone Loss; Biomarkers; Chronic Periodontitis; Diabetes Complications; Female; Gingival Hemorrhage; Gingivitis; Humans; Immunoglobulin A, Secretory; Lactoferrin; Male; Middle Aged; Muramidase; Periodontal Index; Periodontal Pocket; Periodontium; Radiography, Bitewing; Saliva; Smoking

Some patients suffering from aggressive periodontitis (Ag-P) also display neutrophil chemotaxis dysfunction. In this study, we attempted to identify the proteins involved in Ag-P associated with neutrophil chemotaxis dysfunction using proteome analysis.. A two-dimensional fluorescence difference gel electrophoresis system was used to detect differences in protein expression between neutrophils from four patients suffering from Ag-P combined with neutrophil chemotaxis dysfunction and those from four controls. Moreover, the mRNA levels of the proteins identified by the above method were examined in neutrophils from four types of subjects using the real-time polymerase chain reaction: twenty patients suffering from Ag-P with or without the dysfunction, 15 patients with chronic periodontitis, and 15 controls.. Four proteins, lactoferrin, caldesmon, heat shock protein 70, and stac, displayed a higher protein expression level in the neutrophils from the patients suffering from Ag-P combined with the neutrophil dysfunction than in those from the control group. The caldesmon mRNA levels in the neutrophils from the patients suffering from Ag-P combined with the neutrophil dysfunction were high compared with those in the neutrophils from the patients suffering from the other two types of periodontitis and those from the control group.. Caldesmon may be a marker of Ag-P combined with neutrophil chemotaxis dysfunction.

Topics: Adult; Aggressive Periodontitis; Biomarkers; Calmodulin-Binding Proteins; Case-Control Studies; Chemotaxis, Leukocyte; Chronic Periodontitis; Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional; Female; Gingival Hemorrhage; HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins; Humans; Lactoferrin; Leukocyte Count; Male; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neutrophils; Periodontal Attachment Loss; Periodontal Pocket; Periodontium; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Proteome; RNA, Messenger; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization

The local, saliva-associated defense mechanisms of 28 juvenile periodontitis (JP) patients and their age- and sex-matched controls were studied. Lysozyme, lactoferrin, salivary peroxidase, myeloperoxidase, and thiocyanate concentrations were determined from both whole saliva and parotid saliva. The total concentrations of salivary IgA, IgG, and IgM were assayed. The periodontal condition and the salivary flow rates were registered. Among the JP patients, a significantly elevated concentration of IgG was found in parotid saliva but not in whole saliva. Salivary peroxidase activities were significantly low both in the whole and in the parotid saliva samples of the JP patients, and leukocyte-derived myeloperoxidase was present in significantly low amounts in whole saliva of these patients. Because both glandular (salivary peroxidase) and polymorphonuclear-cell-derived (myeloperoxidase) enzyme activities were low among the JP patients, suppressed peroxidase-mediated host defense mechanisms could be characteristic of JP.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aggressive Periodontitis; Amylases; Female; Gingival Hemorrhage; Humans; Immunoglobulin A, Secretory; Immunoglobulin G; Immunoglobulin M; Lactoferrin; Male; Muramidase; Periodontal Pocket; Peroxidase; Peroxidases; Saliva