lactic acid and Body Weight studies

Lactic Acid: A normal intermediate in the fermentation (oxidation, metabolism) of sugar. The concentrated form is used internally to prevent gastrointestinal fermentation. (From Stedman, 26th ed)
2-hydroxypropanoic acid : A 2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is propanoic acid in which one of the alpha-hydrogens is replaced by a hydroxy group.

Body Weight: The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms.

Research Excerpts

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
"The objective of this study was to examine the effect of caffeine on judo performance, perceived exertion, and plasma lactate response when ingested during recovery from a 5-day weight loss period."	9.19	Caffeine ingestion after rapid weight loss in judo athletes reduces perceived effort and increases plasma lactate concentration without improving performance. ( Bertuzzi, R; Felippe, LJ; Lima-Silva, AE; Lopes-Silva, JP; Silva-Cavalcante, MD, 2014)
" In this paper, we have assessed the impact of citrus pectin and modified citrus pectin on colorectal cancer in rats (Rattus norvegicus F344) to which azoxymethane and DSS were supplied."	8.02	Behaviour of citrus pectin and modified citrus pectin in an azoxymethane/dextran sodium sulfate (AOM/DSS)-induced rat colorectal carcinogenesis model. ( Fernández, J; Ferreira-Lazarte, A; Gallego-Lobillo, P; Lombó, F; Moreno, FJ; Villamiel, M; Villar, CJ, 2021)
"This study was performed to evaluate antifatigue effect of hydrogen water (HW) drinking in chronic forced exercise mice model."	7.88	Hydrogen Water Drinking Exerts Antifatigue Effects in Chronic Forced Swimming Mice via Antioxidative and Anti-Inflammatory Activities. ( Ahmed, MF; Ara, J; Bajgai, J; Fadriquela, A; Jung, JY; Kim, CS; Kim, SK; Kim, TS; Lee, KJ; Lee, SP; Sajo, MEJ; Shim, KY, 2018)
"Phytic acid (PA) has been demonstrated to have a potent anticarcinogenic activity against colorectal cancer (CRC)."	7.88	Phytic acid improves intestinal mucosal barrier damage and reduces serum levels of proinflammatory cytokines in a 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced rat colorectal cancer model. ( Chen, C; Cheng, L; Li, X; Liu, C; Song, Y; Yang, F, 2018)
"This study demonstrates that direct administration of LS into rat CNS leads to a decrease in body weight of rats and an increase in the expression of leptin in specific areas of the brain and retroperitoneal adipose tissue."	7.74	Effect of Lactobacillus acidophilus supernatants on body weight and leptin expression in rats. ( Halper, J; Lewis, SJ; Li, WI; Sousa, R; Zhang, J, 2008)
"In order to quantify the glucose-alanine relationship in normal human pregnancy, the turnover rates of alanine and the incorporation of alanine carbon into glucose were quantified in 15 pregnant women during the last 4 weeks of gestation following a ten-hour fast."	7.67	Glucose-alanine relationship in normal human pregnancy. ( Gilfillan, CA; Kalhan, SC; Savin, SM; Tserng, KY, 1988)
" However, low peroral bioavailability is a major limiting factor for the success of clinical utilization of curcumin."	5.39	Efficacy of biodegradable curcumin nanoparticles in delaying cataract in diabetic rat model. ( Balakrishna, N; Grama, CN; Kumar, MN; Patil, MA; Raghu, G; Reddy, GB; Suryanarayana, P, 2013)
" Independent covariates related to significant decreases of linezolid concentrations included higher weight, creatinine clearance rates, and fibrinogen and antithrombin concentrations, lower concentrations of lactate, and the presence of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)."	5.22	Predictors of Inadequate Linezolid Concentrations after Standard Dosing in Critically Ill Patients. ( Frechen, S; Frey, L; Fuhr, U; Holdt, LM; Maier, B; Scharf, C; Taubert, M; Vogeser, M; Zander, J; Zoller, M, 2016)
"In conclusion, high-intensity intermittent exercise performance is improved by prior intake of sodium bicarbonate in trained young men, with concomitant elevations in blood alkalosis and peak blood lactate levels, as well as lowered rating of perceived exertion."	5.20	Sodium bicarbonate intake improves high-intensity intermittent exercise performance in trained young men. ( Ermidis, G; Krustrup, P; Mohr, M, 2015)
"The objective of this study was to examine the effect of caffeine on judo performance, perceived exertion, and plasma lactate response when ingested during recovery from a 5-day weight loss period."	5.19	Caffeine ingestion after rapid weight loss in judo athletes reduces perceived effort and increases plasma lactate concentration without improving performance. ( Bertuzzi, R; Felippe, LJ; Lima-Silva, AE; Lopes-Silva, JP; Silva-Cavalcante, MD, 2014)
" In this paper, we have assessed the impact of citrus pectin and modified citrus pectin on colorectal cancer in rats (Rattus norvegicus F344) to which azoxymethane and DSS were supplied."	4.02	Behaviour of citrus pectin and modified citrus pectin in an azoxymethane/dextran sodium sulfate (AOM/DSS)-induced rat colorectal carcinogenesis model. ( Fernández, J; Ferreira-Lazarte, A; Gallego-Lobillo, P; Lombó, F; Moreno, FJ; Villamiel, M; Villar, CJ, 2021)
"This study was performed to evaluate antifatigue effect of hydrogen water (HW) drinking in chronic forced exercise mice model."	3.88	Hydrogen Water Drinking Exerts Antifatigue Effects in Chronic Forced Swimming Mice via Antioxidative and Anti-Inflammatory Activities. ( Ahmed, MF; Ara, J; Bajgai, J; Fadriquela, A; Jung, JY; Kim, CS; Kim, SK; Kim, TS; Lee, KJ; Lee, SP; Sajo, MEJ; Shim, KY, 2018)
"Phytic acid (PA) has been demonstrated to have a potent anticarcinogenic activity against colorectal cancer (CRC)."	3.88	Phytic acid improves intestinal mucosal barrier damage and reduces serum levels of proinflammatory cytokines in a 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced rat colorectal cancer model. ( Chen, C; Cheng, L; Li, X; Liu, C; Song, Y; Yang, F, 2018)
" The results indicated that GABA has an advantage over taurine of anti-fatigue effect."	3.83	Extraction, purification and anti-fatigue activity of γ-aminobutyric acid from mulberry (Morus alba L.) leaves. ( Chen, H; He, Q; He, X; Li, J; Liu, Y; Wang, J; Wei, B; Zhang, C; Zhang, Y, 2016)
"Creatine supplementation significantly increased body weights of the athletes of endurance trial."	3.80	Contribution of creatine to protein homeostasis in athletes after endurance and sprint running. ( Chan, CC; Kuo, PL; Tang, FC, 2014)
"Rats fed with HFD showed higher body weight, insulin, glucose, leptin and total cholesterol plasma levels as compared with those fed with standard diet."	3.79	Changes in cardiac energy metabolic pathways in overweighed rats fed a high-fat diet. ( de las Heras, N; Lahera, V; López-Farré, AJ; Martín-Fernández, B; Mateos-Cáceres, PJ; Modrego, J; Valero-Muñoz, M; Zamorano-León, JJ, 2013)
"The synergic effect of regular exercise and resveratrol, a polyphenolic compound with potent antioxidant activity, was investigated against kainate-induced seizures and oxidative stress in mice."	3.79	The synergic effect of regular exercise and resveratrol on kainate-induced oxidative stress and seizure activity in mice. ( Kim, HJ; Kim, IK; Lee, J; Park, S; Song, W, 2013)
" The BME at a dosage of 10 mg/kg body weight was administered orally to rats for 2 weeks in order to evaluate the following biomarkers of physical fatigue: swimming time, change in body weight, lipid peroxidation, lactic acid (LA), glycogen, antioxidant enzyme activities such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) and blood parameters, namely blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatine kinase (CK)."	3.78	Effect of bacoside extract from Bacopa monniera on physical fatigue induced by forced swimming. ( Anand, T; Bawa, AS; Khanum, F; Pandareesh, MD; Phani Kumar, G; Swamy, MS, 2012)
" We studied the metabolic effects of treatment with mildronate, metformin and a combination of the two in the Zucker rat model of obesity and impaired glucose tolerance."	3.77	Anti-diabetic effects of mildronate alone or in combination with metformin in obese Zucker rats. ( Cirule, H; Dambrova, M; Liepinsh, E; Makrecka, M; Skapare, E; Svalbe, B, 2011)
"We investigated the effect of chronic supplementation with shark liver oil (SLO), an antitumor supplement source of n-3 fatty acids and 1-O-alkylglycerols, alone and combined with coconut fat (CF), a source of saturated fatty acids, on Walker 256 tumor growth and cachexia."	3.77	Chronic supplementation with shark liver oil for reducing tumor growth and cachexia in walker 256 tumor-bearing rats. ( de Brito Belo, SR; de Brito, GA; Fernandes, LC; Franzói, AM; Iagher, F; Muehlmann, LA; Muritiba, AL; Naliwaiko, K; Steffani, JA; Yamazaki, RK, 2011)
"This study demonstrates that direct administration of LS into rat CNS leads to a decrease in body weight of rats and an increase in the expression of leptin in specific areas of the brain and retroperitoneal adipose tissue."	3.74	Effect of Lactobacillus acidophilus supernatants on body weight and leptin expression in rats. ( Halper, J; Lewis, SJ; Li, WI; Sousa, R; Zhang, J, 2008)
"Long-term thiamine deficiency has been largely documented, whilst little is known about effects of short-term depletion/repletion periods on thiamine vitamers status."	3.74	Restoration of thiamine status with white or whole wheat bread in a thiamine-depleted rat model. ( Batifoulier, F; Besson, C; Chanliaud, E; Demigné, C; Rémésy, C; Verny, MA, 2007)
" Our results demonstrate that 1) males sustain isometric force production (F) longer than females under hyperoxia (P O2 = 640 mmHg) with exogenous glucose present; 2) contractility is not maintained under moderate (P O2 = 130 mmHg) or severe hypoxia (P O2 = 10-20 mmHg) with glucose in either sex; however, following reoxygenation, F is higher in females compared with males; and 3) female tissue has higher lactate levels, net lactate efflux, and lactate dehydrogenase activity than males, whereas males have higher glycogen, citrate synthase, and beta-hydroxy acyl-CoA dehydrogenase activities, and greater inotropic responses to exogenous glucose and octanoate."	3.74	Sex differences in energy metabolism and performance of teleost cardiac tissue. ( Battiprolu, PK; Harmon, KJ; Rodnick, KJ, 2007)
" At 14 days after tumor implantation, rats not supplemented displayed cancer cachexia characterized by loss of body weight, hypoglycemia, hyperlacticidemia, hypertriglyceridemia, decreased food intake and depletion of glycogen stores in the liver and skeletal muscles."	3.74	Effect of fish oil supplementation for 2 generations on changes in macrophage function induced by Walker 256 cancer cachexia in rats. ( Aikawa, J; Bonatto, SJ; Curi, R; Fernandes, LC; Folador, A; Hirabara, SM; Yamazaki, RK, 2007)
"The present study was designed to evaluate the effects of aerobic exercise training on glucose tolerance and insulin secretion of obese male Wistar rats (monosodium glutamate [MSG] administration, 4 mg/g-body weight, each other day, from birth to the 14th day)."	3.72	Insulin secretion in monosodium glutamate (MSG) obese rats submitted to aerobic exercise training. ( de Mello, MA; de Souza, CT; Gobatto, CA; Nunes, WM, 2003)
" injections of azoxymethane at a dose of 10 mg/kg body weight once weekly for 2 weeks."	3.72	Energy restriction reduces the number of advanced aberrant crypt foci and attenuates the expression of colonic transforming growth factor beta and cyclooxygenase isoforms in Zucker obese (fa/fa) rats. ( Bird, RP; Raju, J, 2003)
" The aim was to define the insulin-sensitizing effects of S15261, the cleavage products, and troglitazone and metformin in the JCR:LA-cp rat, an animal model of the obesity/insulin resistance syndrome that exhibits an associated vasculopathy and cardiovascular disease."	3.70	Beneficial insulin-sensitizing and vascular effects of S15261 in the insulin-resistant JCR:LA-cp rat. ( Brindley, DN; Davidge, ST; Delrat, P; Jochemsen, R; Kelly, SE; O'Brien, SF; Pégorier, JP; Ravel, D; Russell, JC, 2000)
"Food intake and body weight, circulating lactic acid, glucose, and insulin as well as fetal body weight and number were unaffected by the exercise protocol."	3.70	Aerobic exercise during pregnancy reverts maternal insulin resistance in rats. ( Herrera, E; Iglesias, MA; López-Luna, P; Muñoz, C, 1998)
"In rats injected with bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 5 gamma mg/g body weight [BWT]), the toxin provokes death within 24 h in 23% of the animals and, in surviving rats, causes a decrease in BWT, hyperlactacidemia, hyperlipacidemia, and hyperketonemia, as well as depletion of both liver and muscle glycogen content."	3.69	Protective effects of succinic acid dimethyl ester infusion in experimental endotoxemia. ( Ladriere, L; Malaisse, WJ; Nadi, AB; Zhang, TM, 1997)
" VO2 max, post-exertion blood lactic acid level, body weight gain, food intake, feed efficiency, glucose, triglyceride, total cholesterol, total protein and albumin plasmatic concentrations in adult rats, and weight and number of offspring of pregnant rats were determined."	3.69	High intensity exercise during pregnancy of rats. Effects on mother and offspring. ( Bergamaschi, CT; da Silva, AC; Denadai, BS; Madjian, S; Piçarro, Ida C; Russo, AK; Santos, VC, 1994)
"Responses to insulin-induced hypoglycemia in fasted sham-operated (SHAM), adrenodemedullated (ADM), and epinephrine-infused ADM (ADM + E) rats were studied to ascertain the specific role of epinephrine in increasing resting skeletal muscle content of adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) and fructose 2,6-bisphosphate (F-2,6-P2), which are involved in stimulation of muscle glycogenolysis and lactate production."	3.69	Role of epinephrine during insulin-induced hypoglycemia in fasted rats. ( Chandler, SL; Huang, W; MacLean, PS; Mills, RH; Winder, WW, 1994)
" We studied the effects of anti-inflammatory drugs, indomethacin (IND) and dexamethasone (DX), on glucoregulation, body weight, and mortality in 10-day-old suckling rats administered Salmonella enteritidis lipopolysaccharide (LPS)."	3.68	Dexamethasone and indomethacin treatment during endotoxicosis in the suckling rat. ( Goto, M; Hurley, RM; Zeller, WP, 1990)
"The effect of metformin on glucose metabolism was examined in eight obese (percent ideal body weight, 151 +/- 9%) and six lean (percent ideal body weight, 104 +/- 4%) noninsulin-dependent diabetic (NIDD) subjects before and after 3 months of metformin treatment (2."	3.68	Mechanism of metformin action in obese and lean noninsulin-dependent diabetic subjects. ( Barzilai, N; DeFronzo, RA; Simonson, DC, 1991)
", the highest workrate or VO2 which was achieved without evidence of lactic acidosis, as judged from the profile of ventilatory and gas exchange responses."	3.67	Effect of simulated weightlessness on exercise-induced anaerobic threshold. ( Convertino, VA; Goldwater, DJ; Karst, GM; Kirby, CR, 1986)
"In order to quantify the glucose-alanine relationship in normal human pregnancy, the turnover rates of alanine and the incorporation of alanine carbon into glucose were quantified in 15 pregnant women during the last 4 weeks of gestation following a ten-hour fast."	3.67	Glucose-alanine relationship in normal human pregnancy. ( Gilfillan, CA; Kalhan, SC; Savin, SM; Tserng, KY, 1988)
"A diuretic drug (40 mg of furosemide) was utilized to study the effects of dehydration (D) on competitive running performance, without prior thermal or exercise stress."	3.67	Influence of diuretic-induced dehydration on competitive running performance. ( Armstrong, LE; Costill, DL; Fink, WJ, 1985)
"The effects of iron deficiency and endurance training on muscle myoglobin (Mb), body weights, and blood lactic acid concentration were studied in rats."	3.67	Effects of iron deficiency and exercise on myoglobin in rats. ( Hegenauer, J; McDonald, R; Saltman, P; Sucec, A, 1984)
" Mild hepatic energy charge deficiency and hepatic lactic acidosis were observed in sterile abscess rats, and slightly enhanced energy charge was seen in monoclonal E."	3.67	Hepatic and systemic metabolic responses to aerobic and anaerobic intra-abdominal abscesses in a highly reproducible chronic rat model. ( Hirai, F; Marzella, L; Nakatani, T; Sato, T; Siegel, JH; Trump, BF, 1984)
"Anorexia and cancer cachexia produce significant loss of adipose tissue and muscle mass and eventually reduce survival in cancer patients."	2.75	A phase II study of an herbal decoction that includes Astragali radix for cancer-associated anorexia in patients with advanced cancer. ( Lee, JJ, 2010)
"Oral mucositis is a frequent and potentially severe complication of radiation or chemotherapy for cancer."	2.71	Chitosan delivery systems for the treatment of oral mucositis: in vitro and in vivo studies. ( Aksungur, P; Iskit, AB; Senel, S; Squier, CA; Sungur, A; Unal, S, 2004)
"Glycogen was restored within a day with both diets."	2.70	Postexercise fat intake repletes intramyocellular lipids but no faster in trained than in sedentary subjects. ( Boesch, C; Decarli, B; Décombaz, J; Diem, P; Hoppeler, H; Ith, M; Kreis, R; Schmitt, B, 2001)
" After the initial testing session, subjects were assigned to either a CREATINE (5 g of Cr, 4 times per day for 6 days) or a PLACEBO group (same dosage of a glucose polymer) using a double-blind research design."	2.70	Acute creatine supplementation and performance during a field test simulating match play in elite female soccer players. ( Burke, L; Cox, G; Mujika, I; Tumilty, D, 2002)
"Defective GS activity in obese NIDDM patients is not secondary to hyperglycemia."	2.69	Irreversibility of the defect in glycogen synthase activity in skeletal muscle from obese patients with NIDDM treated with diet and metformin. ( Beck-Nielsen, H; Damsbo, P; Hermann, LS; Hother-Nielsen, O; Vaag, A, 1998)
"Following dehydration (-4% of body weight), eight nonacclimated highly trained cyclists (age = 23."	2.69	Intravenous versus oral rehydration during a brief period: responses to subsequent exercise in the heat. ( Armstrong, LE; Casa, DJ; Elliott, TA; Hacker, FT; Herrera, JA; Kavouras, SA; Keith, NR; Maresh, CM, 2000)
"Treatment with carvedilol restored VMH lactate levels and improved the adrenaline (epinephrine) responses."	1.51	Carvedilol prevents counterregulatory failure and impaired hypoglycaemia awareness in non-diabetic recurrently hypoglycaemic rats. ( Chan, O; Farhat, R; Fisher, SJ; Knight, N; Sejling, AS; Su, G, 2019)
"Metabolic syndrome is an agglomeration of disorders including obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases and characterized as chronic mild inflammation which elevates the circulatory inflammatory markers."	1.51	High fat diet administration leads to the mitochondrial dysfunction and selectively alters the expression of class 1 GLUT protein in mice. ( Jha, D; Mitra Mazumder, P, 2019)
"The dose of 5 g/kg body weight is the optimal dose for anti-exercise-fatigue activity and promotion of sexual interest in male mice."	1.48	Anti-exercise-fatigue and promotion of sexual interest activity of total flavonoids from wasps drone-pupae in male mice. ( Cao, H; Cui, X; Guo, H; Guo, S; Han, C; Li, Y; Xi, X; Xu, F; Zheng, M, 2018)
"Glucose tolerance and hyperinsulinemia improved (P < 0."	1.43	Isocaloric fructose restriction and metabolic improvement in children with obesity and metabolic syndrome. ( Erkin-Cakmak, A; Gugliucci, A; Lustig, RH; Mulligan, K; Noworolski, SM; Schwarz, JM; Tai, VW; Wen, MJ, 2016)
"Potassium cyanide (KCN) is an inhibitor of cytochrome C oxidase causing rapid death due to hypoxia."	1.43	Characterization of a Mouse Model of Oral Potassium Cyanide Intoxication. ( Gibbs, ST; Hong, P; Kobs, CL; Matthews, CM; Patton, KM; Sabourin, CL; Sabourin, PJ; Wakayama, EJ, 2016)
"After 1 week of anoxia, a major part of the glycogen stores was mobilized in liver (79."	1.43	Glycogen dynamics of crucian carp (Carassius carassius) in prolonged anoxia. ( Haverinen, J; Vornanen, M, 2016)
"Lung cancer is the major cause of cancer related lethality worldwide, and metastasis to distant organs is the pivotal cause of death for the vast majority of lung cancer patients."	1.42	Active targeting docetaxel-PLA nanoparticles eradicate circulating lung cancer stem-like cells and inhibit liver metastasis. ( Hou, C; Jiang, Y; Liu, Y; Sun, B; Yang, N; Zhang, H; Zheng, J; Zuo, P, 2015)
"Nilestriol (NIL) has been applied to treat menopausal dysfunctions, yet its mechanism has remained unknown."	1.40	(1)H NMR metabolic profiling analysis offers evaluation of Nilestriol treatment in ovariectomised rats. ( Dong, JX; Huang, RQ; Liu, YR; Xiao, BK; Yang, JY, 2014)
"Cardiac cachexia was provoked in male rats by the ligation of the left coronary artery."	1.40	Mitochondrial protein synthesis is increased in oxidative skeletal muscles of rats with cardiac cachexia. ( Azarnoush, K; Boirie, Y; Cano, N; Chanséaume, S; Giraudet, C; Guillet, C; Lusson, JR; Patrac, V; Thibault, R; Walrand, S, 2014)
"Cisplatin is one of the most potent anticancer agent used in the treatment of various solid tumors, however, its clinical use is limited due to severe adverse effects including nephrotoxicity."	1.40	Biodegradable polymeric system for cisplatin delivery: development, in vitro characterization and investigation of toxicity profile. ( Alam, N; Chandan, B; Dubey, R; Gupta, PN; Khare, V; Kushwaha, M; Saneja, A; Sharma, N; Singh, G, 2014)
" However, low peroral bioavailability is a major limiting factor for the success of clinical utilization of curcumin."	1.39	Efficacy of biodegradable curcumin nanoparticles in delaying cataract in diabetic rat model. ( Balakrishna, N; Grama, CN; Kumar, MN; Patil, MA; Raghu, G; Reddy, GB; Suryanarayana, P, 2013)
" This dosage form permits the prolonged drug release."	1.39	Evaluation of the effects of thalidomide-loaded biodegradable devices in solid Ehrlich tumor. ( Dantas Cassali, G; Ligorio Fialho, S; Maria de Souza, C; Pereira, BG; Silva-Cunha, A, 2013)
"Proximal Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA) is a debilitating neuromuscular disease and a leading inherited genetic cause of infant death."	1.38	Prediction of death in the SMNΔ7 mouse model of spinal muscular atrophy: insight into disease stage and progression. ( Beltran, JA; Charney, R; Chomicova, O; Cirillo, K; El-Khodor, BF; Marino, T; Mushlin, R; Ramboz, S; Winberg, ML, 2012)
" In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of PLGA nanoparticles encapsulating hPNAS-4 combined with cisplatin (DDP) on ovarian carcinoma."	1.37	Antitumor effects of PLGA nanoparticles encapsulating the human PNAS-4 gene combined with cisplatin in ovarian cancer. ( Bai, Y; Li, S; Liu, P; Qi, X; Song, X; Sun, C; Wei, Y; Xie, C; Yi, T; Zhao, X; Zheng, Y, 2011)
" administration of Ac-PLP-BPI-NH(2)-2 microparticles can provide pharmacological efficacy and reduction in dosing frequency without increased toxicity."	1.36	Immune response to controlled release of immunomodulating peptides in a murine experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) model. ( Kiptoo, P; Siahaan, TJ; Topp, EM; Williams, TD; Zhao, H, 2010)
"The D-AMB-coated PLGA-DMSA nanoparticle showed antifungal efficacy, fewer undesirable effects and a favourable extended dosing interval."	1.35	Amphotericin B in poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) and dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) nanoparticles against paracoccidioidomycosis. ( Amaral, AC; Bentes, R; Bocca, AL; Felipe, MS; Lacava, ZG; Morais, PC; Nunes, J; Peixoto, DL; Primo, FL; Ribeiro, AM; Simioni, AR; Tedesco, AC; Titze-de-Almeida, R, 2009)
"Nine men with type 2 diabetes (47."	1.35	Methods to identify the lactate and glucose thresholds during resistance exercise for individuals with type 2 diabetes. ( Arsa, G; Campbell, CS; Lima, LC; Moreira, SR; Oliveira, HB; Simões, HG, 2008)
"Sepsis is a major clinical challenge that is associated with encephalopathy and multi-organ dysfunction."	1.34	Caecal ligation and puncture in the rat mimics the pathophysiological changes in human sepsis and causes multi-organ dysfunction. ( Andrews, PL; Brooks, HF; Davies, DC; Moss, RF; Osabutey, CK, 2007)
"The aim of this study was to get insight into the toxic effects of holmium-166-loaded poly(L-lactic acid) microspheres (Ho-PLLA-MS) which have very interesting features for treatment of liver malignancies."	1.34	Long-term toxicity of holmium-loaded poly(L-lactic acid) microspheres in rats. ( Bakker, CJ; Dullens, HF; Hennink, WE; Krijger, GC; Nijsen, JF; Seppenwoolde, JH; van het Schip, AD; van Rijk, PP; Zielhuis, SW; Zonnenberg, BA, 2007)
"In addition, the TBI-induced cerebral infarction, motor and proprioception deficits, and body weight loss evaluated 3 days after TBI were significantly attenuated by brain cooling."	1.34	Effect of brain cooling on brain ischemia and damage markers after fluid percussion brain injury in rats. ( Chang, CP; Chio, CC; Hsiao, SH; Kuo, JR; Lin, MT, 2007)
"Gluconeogenesis is increased in type 2 diabetes and contributes significantly to fasting and postprandial hyperglycemia."	1.33	Inhibition of fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase reduces excessive endogenous glucose production and attenuates hyperglycemia in Zucker diabetic fatty rats. ( Chandramouli, VC; Dang, Q; Erion, MD; Landau, BR; Potter, SC; van Poelje, PD, 2006)
"Moderate dehydration (-2."	1.33	[Comparison of male and female thermal, cardiac, and muscular responses induced by a prolonged run undertaken in a hot environment]. ( Ben Mdalla, S; Ellouze, F; Ftaiti, F; Grélot, L; Kacem, A; Latiri, I; Tabka, Z; Zouari, N, 2005)
"Taurine treatment also significantly decreased fat accumulation and blood levels of cholesterol and triglyceride, which might improve insulin resistance and utilization of fat and glucose."	1.32	Decreased blood levels of lactic acid and urinary excretion of 3-methylhistidine after exercise by chronic taurine treatment in rats. ( Harada, N; Kurroda, I; Manabe, S; Morishima, M; Nakaya, Y; Okada, K; Okamoto, M; Sakai, K; Takahashi, A, 2003)
"All patients with spinal muscular atrophy and congenital myopathy and one patient with Duchenne dystrophy, but none of six healthy subjects, developed hypoglycemia."	1.32	Patients with severe muscle wasting are prone to develop hypoglycemia during fasting. ( Hebert, A; Laub, M; Vissing, J; Zacho, M; Ørngreen, MC, 2003)
"Stress hyperglycemia is frequent in critically ill patients."	1.32	Metabolic, endocrine, and immune effects of stress hyperglycemia in a rabbit model of prolonged critical illness. ( Coopmans, W; Giulietti, AP; Mathieu, C; Michalaki, M; Van den Berghe, G; Van Herck, E; Weekers, F, 2003)
"After 4 min of cardiac arrest, followed by 3 min of basic life support CPR, 17 animals were randomly assigned to receive, every 5 min, either a combination of vasopressin and epinephrine (vasopressin [IU/kg]/epinephrine [ micro g/kg]: 0."	1.32	Survival with full neurologic recovery after prolonged cardiopulmonary resuscitation with a combination of vasopressin and epinephrine in pigs. ( Klima, GCDN; Krismer, AC; Lindner, KH; Mayr, VD; Pechlaner, S; Rheinberger, K; Stadlbauer, KH; Voelckel, WG; Wagner-Berger, HG; Wenzel, V, 2003)
"Shell and bone ¿Na(+) both fell during anoxia but the fate of this Na(+) is uncertain because plasma ¿Na(+) also fell."	1.31	Bone and shell contribution to lactic acid buffering of submerged turtles Chrysemys picta bellii at 3 degrees C. ( Crocker, CE; Jackson, DC; Ultsch, GR, 2000)
"All subjects lost body mass following dehydration-mean body mass fell 3."	1.31	The effects in humans of rapid loss of body mass on a boxing-related task. ( Dyson, R; Hale, T; Harrison, JH; McManus, P; Smith, MS, 2000)
"L-2-Chloropropionic acid is selectively toxic to the cerebellum in rats; the granule cell necrosis observed within 48 h can be prevented by prior administration of MK-801."	1.31	Neuroprotective effects of MK-801 on L-2-chloropropionic acid-induced neurotoxicity. ( Bachelard, HS; Lock, EA; Williams, RE, 2001)
"Osteopenia has been associated with antiretroviral therapy, particularly with protease inhibitors."	1.31	Osteopenia in HIV-infected men: association with asymptomatic lactic acidemia and lower weight pre-antiretroviral therapy. ( Carr, A; Cooper, DA; Eisman, JA; Miller, J, 2001)
"Colitis was induced in BALB/c mice by 5% dextran sodium sulfate."	1.31	Development of an oral drug delivery system targeting immune-regulating cells in experimental inflammatory bowel disease: a new therapeutic strategy. ( Chiba, T; Ikada, Y; Kawanami, C; Matsushima, Y; Nakase, H; Ohana, M; Okazaki, K; Oshima, C; Tabata, Y; Uchida, K; Uose, S, 2000)
"Eight male adolescents with IDDM and eight healthy controls of similar age, weight, and VO2peak cycled for 60 min at 60%VO2peak on two occasions spaced 1-4 wk apart."	1.31	Perceived exertion with glucose ingestion in adolescent males with IDDM. ( Bar-Or, O; Gerstein, HC; Heigenhauser, GJ; Riddell, MC, 2000)
"Congestive heart failure was produced by left coronary artery ligation in rats."	1.31	Beneficial effects of MET-88, a gamma-butyrobetaine hydroxylase inhibitor in rats with heart failure following myocardial infarction. ( Asaka, N; Hayashi, Y; Kirimoto, T; Matsuura, N; Miyake, H; Nakano, M; Tajima, K, 2000)
"Creatine is a physiologically active substance indispensable to muscle contraction."	1.30	Creatine supplementation in endurance sports. ( Berbalk, A; Engelhardt, M; Neumann, G; Reuter, I, 1998)
" Consequently, the release rate of CyA from PLA microspheres can be improved by adding fatty acid esters and PLA microspheres with fatty acid esters seem to be a useful dosage form for autoimmune disease therapy."	1.30	Modification of release rates of cyclosporin A from polyl(L-lactic acid) microspheres by fatty acid esters and in-vivo evaluation of the microspheres. ( Arimori, K; Nakano, H; Urata, T, 1999)
" However, the chronic administration of dobutamine (a synthetic adrenomimetic) to humans in relevant experiments improves exercise performance by mechanisms that prevent the decline in peak O2 consumption (VO2peak) and reduce the concentration of lactic acid measured in the blood."	1.30	Dobutamine as a countermeasure for reduced exercise performance of rats exposed to simulated microgravity. ( Sebastian, LA; Tipton, CM, 1997)
" Based on these results, the primary toxic effect of lactide was considered to be irritation of the gastrointestinal tract, and the no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) after subchronic oral dosing in dogs was considered to be 100 mg/kg/day."	1.30	Toxicity of lactide in dogs after 2 and 13 weeks of daily oral dosing. ( Conn, RE; Giles, HD; Heath, JE; Hébert, CD; Hogan, DB; Modderman, JP, 1999)
"The bioavailability of calcium from various calcium sources in humans and animals has been the subject of investigation for many years and there is considerable controversy as to the relative bioavailability of different calcium salts."	1.29	Bioavailability of calcium from calcium carbonate, DL-calcium lactate, L-calcium lactate and powdered oyster shell calcium in vitamin D-deficient or -replete rats. ( Ezawa, I; Higashino, R; Igarashi, C; Kimura, T; Kobayashi, T; Okano, T; Oshio, Y; Teraoka, Y; Tsugawa, N, 1995)
"Xylitol-treated rats excreted more calcium and magnesium in urine than did the other rats, probably due to increased absorption of these minerals from the gut."	1.29	Bone repair in calcium-deficient rats: comparison of xylitol+calcium carbonate with calcium carbonate, calcium lactate and calcium citrate on the repletion of calcium. ( Hämäläinen, MM, 1994)
"Urea levels were highest in controls, and lowest in cafeteria rats fed from day 30, a consequence of the different setting of nitrogen sparing induced by the timing of initiation of cafeteria feeding."	1.29	Long-term effects of cafeteria diet feeding on young Wistar rats. ( Alemany, M; Arola, L; Salvadó, J; Segués, T, 1994)
"Metformin treatment did not lead to an increase of the patients body weight."	1.29	[The effect of metformin on lactate levels in type II diabetes]. ( Cacáková, V; Perusicová, J; Richtrová, A, 1996)
" No adverse effect of the vaccine could be seen, except for a granulomatous reaction at the site of injection."	1.29	Poly (D,L-lactide) glycolide polymer microsphere entrapped tetanus toxoid: safety evaluation in Wistar rats. ( Chaudhury, MR; Giri, DK; Sharma, K, 1996)
"Fetal body weights were not different between the groups of animals, although liver/body weight ratio was less (p < 0."	1.29	Effect of prolonged catecholamine infusion on heart rate, blood pressure, breathing, and growth in fetal sheep. ( Bocking, AD; Fraher, L; Han, VK; Hooper, SB; Kent, S; Rundle, H; White, SE, 1995)
" Some toxic manifestations are potentially reversible with time after cessation of exposure."	1.28	Inhalation toxicity of methyl isocyanate: biochemical and cytological profile of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in rats. ( Dixit, R; Gupta, GS; Kaw, JL; Naqvi, SH; Ray, PK, 1991)
" The LD50 value of the CDDP-ms was 23."	1.28	[Toxicity of cis-platinum loaded with lactic acid oligomer microspheres in mice]. ( Hagiwara, A; Hyon, SH; Ikeda, Y; Itoh, M; Iwamoto, A; Kusanoi, Y; Sasabe, T; Shimotsuma, M; Takahashi, T; Yoneyama, C, 1990)
"Treatment by phosalone resulted in the accumulation of lactic acid in blood suggesting that this organophosphate compound inhibits the normal oxidative metabolism."	1.28	Blood carbohydrates and phosalone poisoning in Rana tigrina (Daudin). ( Kasinathadurai, R; Ramalingam, K, 1989)
"Mercury-treated fish were hypoglycemic and hypolactemic."	1.27	Effect of mercuric chloride on some biochemical and physiological parameters of the freshwater murrel, Channa punctatus. ( Rao, DR; Sastry, KV, 1984)
" Diet or period did not alter the rate of disappearance of L-lactate from plasma; the half-life was 13."	1.27	Plasma clearance of L- and D-lactate in steers fed alfalfa hay or high concentrate diets. ( Prior, RL, 1983)
"When propionic acid was included in the feed up to levels of 100 g/kg, from 0 to 28 days, voluntary feed intake of chicks was decreased with increasing dietary levels of acid."	1.27	Effect of dietary propionic and lactic acids on feed intake by chicks. ( Cave, NA, 1984)
"This treatment decreased body weights and increased significantly the relative weights of the hearts."	1.27	Ethanol-induced alteration in thiamin status of young turkey poults. ( Ali, BH; Czarnecki, CM, 1987)
"To determine the effect of thyroid hormone excess on insulin secretion, metabolism and action in humans, we examined intravenous glucose tolerance, glucose-induced insulin secretion, insulin clearance, monocyte insulin receptor binding, and the dose-response characteristics for the effects of insulin on glucose production, uptake, oxidation, and nonoxidative disposal in 10 normal volunteers for 14 days before and after oral administration of triiodothyronine (T3) in doses that increased plasma T3 to levels observed in spontaneous thyrotoxicosis (P less than 0."	1.27	Effect of thyroid hormone excess on action, secretion, and metabolism of insulin in humans. ( Baker, B; Bergman, R; Dimitriadis, G; Gerich, J; Haymond, M; Mandarino, L; Marsh, H; Rizza, R, 1985)

Research

Studies (472)

Authors

Clinical Trials (18)

Trial Overview

Trial Outcomes

Infectious Diseases Incidence

Timeframe	Studies, this research(%)	All Research%
pre-1990	50 (10.59)	18.7374
1990's	112 (23.73)	18.2507
2000's	162 (34.32)	29.6817
2010's	128 (27.12)	24.3611
2020's	20 (4.24)	2.80

Authors	Studies
Hesketh, KL	1
Church, H	1
Kinnafick, F	1
Shepherd, SO	1
Wagenmakers, AJM	1
Cocks, M	1
Strauss, JA	1
Zhao, Y	3
Zhang, Y	6
Qi, M	1
Ping, F	1
Zhang, H	2
Xu, L	1
Li, W	1
Li, Y	4
Grzebisz-Zatońska, N	1
Poprzęcki, S	1
Stanula, A	1
Sadowska-Krępa, E	1
Gerasimuk, D	1
Li, VL	1
He, Y	1
Contrepois, K	1
Liu, H	1
Kim, JT	1
Wiggenhorn, AL	1
Tanzo, JT	1
Tung, AS	1
Lyu, X	1
Zushin, PH	1
Jansen, RS	1
Michael, B	1
Loh, KY	1
Yang, AC	1
Carl, CS	1
Voldstedlund, CT	1
Wei, W	1
Terrell, SM	1
Moeller, BC	1
Arthur, RM	1
Wallis, GA	1
van de Wetering, K	1
Stahl, A	1
Kiens, B	1
Richter, EA	1
Banik, SM	1
Snyder, MP	1
Xu, Y	1
Long, JZ	1
Chen, JY	1
Li, T	1
Wang, JL	1
Wang, ZL	1
Zang, LQ	1
Filho, RAA	1
Oliveira, JJG	1
Zovico, PVC	1
Rica, RL	1
Barbosa, WA	1
Machado, AF	1
Evangelista, AL	1
Costa, EC	1
Bergamin, M	1
Baker, JS	1
Bocalini, DS	1
Kitaoka, Y	1
Takahashi, K	1
Hatta, H	3
Wang, S	1
Downing, G	1
Olsen, KF	1
Sawyer, TK	1
Cone, RD	1
Schwendeman, SP	1
Dunkel, B	1
Knowles, EJ	1
Chang, YM	1
Menzies-Gow, NJ	1
Borghi, F	1
Morais, CL	1
Silva, C	1
da Silva, PC	1
Ishizu, LY	1
Costa, GT	1
Grassi-Kassisse, DM	1
Yao, W	1
Wang, T	1
Xia, J	1
Li, J	3
Yu, X	2
Huang, F	1
Ogata, T	1
Makino, H	1
Ishizuka, N	1
Iwamoto, E	1
Masaki, T	1
Ikuta, K	1
Kim, YH	1
Sato, S	1
Yang, Z	1
Sunil, C	1
Jayachandran, M	1
Zheng, X	2
Cui, K	1
Su, Y	1
Xu, B	1
Suranindyah, YY	1
Widyobroto, BP	1
Astuti, SD	1
Vötterl, J	1
Klinsoda, J	1
Zebeli, Q	3
Hennig-Pauka, I	1
Kandler, W	1
Metzler-Zebeli, B	1
Jagan, N	1
Morrow, LE	1
Walters, RW	1
Plambeck, RW	1
Wallen, TJ	1
Patel, TM	1
Malesker, MA	1
Diry, A	1
Ratel, S	1
Bardin, J	1
Armstrong, N	1
De Larochelambert, Q	1
Thomas, C	1
Maciejewski, H	1
Xiao, M	1
Lin, L	1
Chen, H	3
Ge, X	1
Huang, Y	1
Zheng, Z	2
Li, S	2
Pan, Y	1
Liu, B	2
Zeng, F	1
Ferreira-Lazarte, A	1
Fernández, J	1
Gallego-Lobillo, P	1
Villar, CJ	1
Lombó, F	1
Moreno, FJ	1
Villamiel, M	1
Dolci, F	1
Kilding, AE	1
Spiteri, T	1
Chivers, P	1
Piggott, B	1
Maiorana, A	1
Hart, N	1
He, Z	1
Fang, Y	1
Li, DC	1
Chen, DS	1
Wu, F	2
Wierczeiko, A	1
Gammel, L	1
Radyushkin, K	1
Nguyen, VTT	1
Todorov, H	1
Gerber, S	1
Endres, K	1
Maleki Dizaji, N	1
Garjani, A	1
Mousavi, S	1
Mohammadi, M	1
Vaez, H	1
Matsukawa, T	1
Motojima, H	1
Sato, Y	1
Takahashi, S	1
Villareal, MO	1
Isoda, H	1
Stefánsdóttir, GJ	1
Gunnarsson, V	1
Roepstorff, L	1
Ragnarsson, S	1
Jansson, A	2
Jagim, AR	1
Rader, O	1
Jones, MT	1
Oliver, JM	1
Joshi, D	1
Sarkar, D	1
Singh, SK	1
Viblanc, VA	1
Schull, Q	1
Cornioley, T	1
Stier, A	1
Ménard, JJ	1
Groscolas, R	1
Robin, JP	1
Xu, P	1
Wang, F	1
Zhou, XL	1
Li, L	1
Xiong, D	1
Yong, YQ	1
Jiang, WX	1
Camerlink, I	2
Turner, SP	2
Farish, M	2
Arnott, G	1
Naeem, M	1
Bae, J	1
Oshi, MA	1
Kim, MS	1
Moon, HR	1
Lee, BL	1
Im, E	1
Jung, Y	1
Yoo, JW	1
Ara, J	1
Fadriquela, A	1
Ahmed, MF	1
Bajgai, J	1
Sajo, MEJ	1
Lee, SP	2
Kim, TS	1
Jung, JY	1
Kim, CS	1
Kim, SK	1
Shim, KY	1
Lee, KJ	1
Liu, C	2
Chen, C	1
Yang, F	1
Li, X	2
Cheng, L	1
Song, Y	1
Li, D	1
Ren, JW	1
Zhang, T	1
Liu, R	1
Wu, L	1
Du, Q	1
Xi, X	1
Guo, S	1
Guo, H	1
Cui, X	1
Cao, H	1
Xu, F	1
Zheng, M	1
Han, C	1
Asano, M	1
Matsumae, H	1
Suzuki, K	1
Nakai, Y	1
Nakayama, T	1
Nomura, N	1
Mishima, A	1
DE Salles Painelli, V	1
Nemezio, KM	1
Pinto, AJ	1
Franchi, M	1
Andrade, I	1
Riani, LA	1
Saunders, B	1
Sale, C	1
Harris, RC	1
Gualano, B	1
Artioli, GG	1
Itoh, T	2
Miyake, Y	2
Yamaguchi, T	1
Tsukaguchi, S	1
Mitarai, R	1
Enomoto, M	1
Ensho, S	1
Shimomiya, Y	1
Nakamura, Y	2
Ando, M	1
Tsukamasa, Y	1
Takahata, M	1
Tornero-Aguilera, JG	1
Clemente-Suárez, VJ	1
Farhat, R	1
Su, G	1
Sejling, AS	1
Knight, N	1
Fisher, SJ	1
Chan, O	1
Cantor, MC	1
Stanton, AL	1
Combs, DK	1
Costa, JHC	1
Jha, D	1
Mitra Mazumder, P	1
Boileau, A	1
Hofmaier, F	1
Dinger, K	1
Braun, R	1
Sterner-Kock, A	1
de Moura, LP	1
Sponton, AC	1
de Araújo, MB	1
Dalia, RA	2
Pauli, JR	1
Rostom de Mello, MA	2
Wu, RE	1
Huang, WC	2
Liao, CC	1
Chang, YK	1
Kan, NW	1
Huang, CC	2
Iwasa, M	1
Aoi, W	2
Mune, K	1
Yamauchi, H	1
Furuta, K	1
Sasaki, S	1
Takeda, K	1
Harada, K	1
Wada, S	1
Sato, K	1
Higashi, A	1
Chester, AL	1
Edwards, AM	1
Crowe, M	1
Quirk, F	1
E, L	1
Lu, J	1
Selfridge, JE	1
Burns, JM	1
Swerdlow, RH	1
Hou, CC	1
Tsai, TL	1
Su, WP	1
Hsieh, HP	1
Yeh, CS	1
Shieh, DB	1
Su, WC	1
Sanches, IC	1
Conti, FF	1
Sartori, M	1
Irigoyen, MC	1
De Angelis, K	1
Bourgois, J	1
Steyaert, A	1
Boone, J	1
Grama, CN	1
Suryanarayana, P	1
Patil, MA	1
Raghu, G	1
Balakrishna, N	1
Kumar, MN	1
Reddy, GB	1
Golder, HM	1
Celi, P	1
Rabiee, AR	1
Lean, IJ	1
Liu, YR	1
Huang, RQ	1
Xiao, BK	1
Yang, JY	1
Dong, JX	1
Yeh, TS	1
Chuang, HL	1
Chen, YM	1
Hsu, MC	1
Thibault, R	1
Chanséaume, S	1
Azarnoush, K	1
Guillet, C	1
Giraudet, C	1
Patrac, V	1
Lusson, JR	1
Cano, N	1
Boirie, Y	2
Walrand, S	1
Alam, N	1
Khare, V	1
Dubey, R	1
Saneja, A	1
Kushwaha, M	1
Singh, G	1
Sharma, N	1
Chandan, B	1
Gupta, PN	1
Li, C	1
Zhang, L	2
Kang, J	1
Cai, Y	1
Xu, M	1
He, M	1
Yuan, W	1
Theytaz, F	1
de Giorgi, S	1
Hodson, L	1
Stefanoni, N	1
Rey, V	1
Schneiter, P	2
Giusti, V	1
Tappy, L	2
Lopes-Silva, JP	1
Felippe, LJ	1
Silva-Cavalcante, MD	1
Bertuzzi, R	1
Lima-Silva, AE	1
Jówko, E	1
Długołęcka, B	1
Makaruk, B	1
Cieśliński, I	1
Jang, S	1
Park, ED	1
Suh, HJ	1
Lee, SH	1
Kim, JS	1
Park, Y	1
Yang, N	1
Jiang, Y	1
Sun, B	1
Hou, C	1
Zheng, J	1
Liu, Y	2
Zuo, P	1
Renberg, J	1
Sandsund, M	1
Wiggen, ØN	1
Reinertsen, RE	1
Pradhan, R	1
Ramasamy, T	1
Choi, JY	1
Kim, JH	1
Poudel, BK	1
Tak, JW	1
Nukolova, N	1
Choi, HG	1
Yong, CS	1
Kim, JO	1
Ushakova, NA	1
Kovalzon, VM	1
Bastrakov, AI	1
Kozlova, AA	1
Revishchin, AV	1
Pavlova, GV	1
Pavlov, DS	1
Ando, S	1
Komiyama, T	1
Sudo, M	1
Kiyonaga, A	2
Tanaka, H	3
Higaki, Y	1
Tanaka, M	2
Kanazashi, M	1
Maezawa, T	1
Kondo, H	1
Fujino, H	1
Krustrup, P	2
Ermidis, G	1
Mohr, M	1
Du, Y	1
Liu, X	1
Zhang, Q	2
Jing, L	1
Liang, X	1
Chi, C	1
Dai, Z	1
Tian, J	1
Lustig, RH	1
Mulligan, K	1
Noworolski, SM	1
Tai, VW	1
Wen, MJ	1
Erkin-Cakmak, A	1
Gugliucci, A	1
Schwarz, JM	1
Maciej, J	1
Schäff, CT	1
Kanitz, E	1
Tuchscherer, A	1
Bruckmaier, RM	1
Wolffram, S	1
Hammon, HM	3
Wearing, OH	1
Eme, J	1
Rhen, T	1
Crossley, DA	1
Firshman, AM	1
Borgia, LA	1
Valberg, SJ	1
Camerino, SR	1
Lima, RC	1
França, TC	1
Herculano, Ede A	1
Rodrigues, DS	1
Gouveia, MG	1
Cameron, LC	1
Prado, ES	1
Sugita, M	1
Kapoor, MP	1
Nishimura, A	1
Okubo, T	1
He, X	1
He, Q	1
Zhang, C	1
Wei, B	1

Trial	Phase	Enrollment	Study Type	Start Date	Status
A Randomized Controlled Trial of the Effect of Replacing Sugar-sweetened Beverages With Non-nutritive Sweetened Beverages or Water on Gut Microbiome and Metabolic Outcomes: STOP Sugars NOW Trial[NCT03543644]		81 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-05-31	Completed
Measure of Intestinal Lipogenesis in Healthy Volunteers and Obese Subjects Before and After Gastroplasty: Modulation by Glucose and Fructose[NCT01792089]		24 participants (Actual)	Observational	2013-02-28	Completed
Effects of Post-Exercise Recovery Drink Composition on Subsequent Performance in Masters Class Athletes[NCT04859491]		24 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-07-22	Completed
Drug Monitoring of Antibiotics in Critical Care Patients[NCT01793012]		186 participants (Actual)	Observational	2013-03-31	Completed
Studio Clinico Randomizzato Per Valutare l'Efficacia Del Bifidobacterium BB-12® Nel Trattamento Delle Coliche Infantili[NCT03434249]		80 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-11-11	Completed
A Randomized, Double-blind, Controlled Study to Evaluate the Gut Health, Feces Characteristics and Growth of Healthy Term Infants Fed With a New Infant Organic Formula[NCT05695300]		75 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2023-02-03	Active, not recruiting
Albumin vs. Plasma for PEdiAtric pRiming Trial[NCT02738190]	Phase 4	80 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-01-31	Completed
Examination of Menstruation Symptoms in Women Who Exercise Regularly.[NCT06006507]		50 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2023-09-01	Completed
Determining the Factors That Affects Emergency Department Visits of Hyperglycemic Patients in 30 Days.[NCT04665128]		120 participants (Anticipated)	Observational	2020-12-15	Recruiting
Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Treatment With Paracetamol in Children and Adults With Spinal Muscular Atrophy and Cerebral Palsy[NCT03648658]	Phase 4	48 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2019-02-18	Recruiting
Safety and Efficacy of Therapeutic Hypothermia in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients Treated With Mechanical Thrombectomy: a Prospective, Randomized, Controlled Clinical Study[NCT05779176]		252 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-05-01	Not yet recruiting
Metformin Pharmacology in Human Cancers[NCT03477162]	Early Phase 1	18 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-05-15	Terminated (stopped due to Enrollment was closed as efforts had become more challenging, and the lab indicated that they were able to obtain their primary objective with the number that had already been enrolled.)
Effectiveness of the Treatment With Dapagliflozin and Metformin Compared to Metformin Monotherapy for Weight Loss on Diabetic and Prediabetic Patients With Obesity Class III[NCT03968224]	Phase 2/Phase 3	90 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2018-07-07	Recruiting
Modulation of Insulin Secretion and Insulin Sensitivity in Bangladeshi Type 2 Diabetic Subjects by an Insulin Sensitizer Pioglitazone and T2DM Association With PPARG Gene Polymorphism.[NCT01589445]	Phase 4	77 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2008-11-30	Completed
Comparing the Effects of a High- and Low-carbohydrate Pre-exercise Meal Relative to Fasting on Exercise Metabolism, Subsequent Appetite, and Energy Intake in Healthy Males.[NCT05107583]		12 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-09-01	Completed
Effects of Including 30-s Sprints During Low-intensity Cycling Exercises During a Training Camp on Performance and Muscle/Blood Characterisitcs[NCT04640883]		18 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-10-23	Completed
Walking Intervention in African American Adults With Newly Diagnosed Hypertension[NCT00298207]		20 participants	Interventional	2001-04-30	Completed
Fluid Balance During Exercise in the Heat With Water, Flavored Placebo, or a Carbohydrate-electrolyte Beverage Intake (The APEX Study)[NCT01893853]		24 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-10-31	Completed
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

"Number of infections in respiratory system, gastrointestinal system, urinary tract and skin.~An infection was defined as an Adverse Event with SOC equal to Infections and Infestations." (NCT03434249)
Timeframe: at each visit, for 5 weeks starting from the enrollment in the study (Visit T0, T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5)

Beta-defensin Type 2

Intervention	Number of infections (Mean)
Bifidobacterium BB-12®	0
Placebo	0

Evaluation of Beta-defensin type 2 levels in fecal samples (NCT03434249)
Timeframe: at 7 days (Visit T1 - baseline) and 28 days from the baseline (Visit T5)

Bowel Evacuation - Stool Consistency

Intervention	ng/g (Mean)
	Visit T1 - baseline	Visit T5
Bifidobacterium BB-12®	73.50	166.34
Placebo	69.41	127.97

"Stool consistency was evaluated as the number and the proportion of patients who reported at least one stool sample of each type per week, according to Bristol scale as follows:~Type A = separate hard lumps, like nuts (hard to pass) Type B = sausage-shaped, but lumpy Type C = Like a sausage but with cracks on its surface Type D = like a sausage or snake, smooth and soft Only a descriptive statistics Type E = soft blobs with clear-cut edges (passed easily) Type F = fluffy pieces with ragged edges, a mushy stool Type G = watery, no solid pieces (entirely liquid). Patients could report more than one stool consistency per day then the sum of the Count of Participants for each group at each visit could be Greater then the Overall Number of Participants Analyzed" (NCT03434249)
Timeframe: at each weekly visit from baseline (Visit T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5)

Bowel Evacuation - Stool Frequency

Intervention	participants (Number)
	T1: Patients with at least 1 stool of type C	T1: Patients with at least one stool of type D	T1: Patients with at least one stool of type E	T1: Patients with at least one stool of type F	T1: Patients with at least one stool of type G	T2: Patients with at least one stool of type C	T2: Patients with at least one stool of type D	T2: Patients with at least one stool of type E	T2: Patients with at least one stool of type F	T2: Patients with at least one stool of type G	T3: Patients with at least one stool of type C	T3: Patients with at least one stool of type D	T3: Patients with at least one stool of type E	T3: Patients with at least one stool of type F	T3: Patients with at least one stool of type G	T4: Patients with at least one stool of type C	T4: Patients with at least one stool of type D	T4: Patients with at least one stool of type E	T4: Patients with at least one stool of type F	T4: Patients with at least one stool of type G	T5: Patients with at least one stool of type C	T5: Patients with at least one stool of type D	T5: Patients with at least one stool of type E	T5: Patients with at least one stool of type F	T5: Patients with at least one stool of type G
Bifidobacterium BB-12®	0	14	21	27	12	0	14	25	30	12	0	16	24	27	8	0	18	27	23	8	0	17	26	19	6
Placebo	1	10	15	34	21	1	8	19	34	20	0	8	26	30	8	0	15	30	27	5	0	25	29	16	3

Daily frequency of bowel evacuation. The frequency of stools were collected daily in the diary. Stool frequency was evaluated as the mean of total daily stools reported per week. (NCT03434249)
Timeframe: at each weekly visit from baseline (Visit T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5)

Calprotectin

Intervention	daily number of bowel evacuations (Mean)
	Visti T1 - Baseline	Visit T2	Visit T3	Visit T4	Visit T5
Bifidobacterium BB-12®	5.30	5.15	4.92	4.51	4.34
Placebo	5.61	5.50	5.35	5.10	4.64

Evaluation of calprotectin levels in fecal samples (NCT03434249)
Timeframe: at 7 days (Visit T1 - baseline) and 28 days from the baseline (Visit T5)

Infant's Feeding

Intervention	mM/Kg (Mean)
	Visit T1 - Baseline	Visit T5
Bifidobacterium BB-12®	667.76	802.64
Placebo	658.47	915.41

Duration of feeding (in minutes) was collected daily in the diary during the entire study period. Mean daily feeding time by week was defined as the mean of the daily durations during the selected week and was described by means of descriptive statistics for continuous data. (NCT03434249)
Timeframe: at each weekly visit from baseline (Visit T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5)

Infant's Mood

Intervention	minutes (Mean)
	Visit T1 - Baseline	Visit T2	Visit T3	Visit T4	Visit T5
Bifidobacterium BB-12®	187.72	186.13	179.80	180.31	176.47
Placebo	177.72	188.98	185.98	182.22	182.26

"The infant's mood (calm, asleep, agitated, irritable) was collected daily in the diary and was evaluated as the number and the proportion of infants who reported at least one mood of each type per week.~Patients could report more than one mood per day then the sum of the Count of Participants for each group at each visit could be greater then the Overall Number of Participants Analyzed." (NCT03434249)
Timeframe: at each weekly visit from baseline (Visit T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5)

Infant's Sleep

Intervention	participants (Number)
	T1: Pts with at least one mood equal to Calm	T1: Pts. with at least one mood equal to Asleep	T1: Pts. with at least one mood equal to Agitated	T1: Pts. with at least one mood equal to Irritable	T2: Pts. with at least one mood equal to Calm	T2: Pts. with at least one mood equal to Asleep	T2: Pts. with at least one mood equal to Agitated	T2: Pts. with at least one mood equal to Irritable	T3: Pts. with at least one mood equal to Calm	T3: Pts. with at least one mood equal to Asleep	T3: Pts. with at least one mood equal to Agitated	T3: Pts. with at least one mood equal to Irritable	T4: Pts. with at least one mood equal to Calm	T4: Pts. with at least one mood equal to Asleep	T4: Pts. with at least one mood equal to Agitated	T4: Pts. with at least one mood equal to Irritable	T5: Pts. with at least one mood equal to Calm	T5: Pts. with at least one mood equal to Asleep	T5: Pts. with at least one mood equal to Agitated	T5: Pts. with at least one mood equal to Irritable
Bifidobacterium BB-12®	4	5	38	36	14	11	37	33	28	12	34	25	35	21	32	11	35	27	9	5
Placebo	5	6	25	36	7	8	32	34	12	8	33	30	15	17	36	28	17	23	34	20

Duration of sleep (in minutes) was collected daily in the diary during the entire study period. Mean daily duration of sleep by week was defined as the mean of the daily durations during the selected week and was described by means of descriptive statistics for continuous data. (NCT03434249)
Timeframe: at each weekly visit from baseline (Visit T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5)

Infant's Temper

Intervention	minutes (Mean)
	Visit T1 - baseline	Visit T2	Visit T3	Visit T4	Visit T5
Bifidobacterium BB-12®	678.14	687.47	722.37	725.76	713.20
Placebo	693.62	696.68	711.99	725.14	738.61

Duration of temper episodes (in minutes) was collected daily in the diary during the entire study period. Mean daily duration of temper episodes by week was defined as the mean of the daily durations during the selected week and was described by means of descriptive statistics for continuous data. (NCT03434249)
Timeframe: at each weekly visit from baseline (Visit T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5)

LL37 Peptide

Intervention	minutes (Mean)
	Visit T1 - Baseline	Visit T2	Visit T3	Visit T4	Visit T5
Bifidobacterium BB-12®	158.82	118.61	89.48	71.71	36.79
Placebo	138	117.24	84.33	84.89	72.96

Evaluation of LL37 peptide levels in fecal samples (NCT03434249)
Timeframe: at 7 days (Visit T1 - baseline) and 28 days from the baseline (Visit T5)

Number of Crying Episodes

Intervention	ng/g (Mean)
	Visit T1 - Baseline	Visit T5
Bifidobacterium BB-12®	5.50	7.65
Placebo	5.37	6.07

"Weekly mean of cries will be defined as the mean number of cries reported in the Evaluation of behavior section during the week (i.e. number of episodes/number of days with episodes) and will be described by means of descriptive statistics for continuous data.~Mean changes from baseline (i.e. mean of the first Week) to the mean of the selected week will be analyzed too." (NCT03434249)
Timeframe: at 7 days (Visit T1 - baseline) and 28 days from the baseline (Visit T5)

Number of Participants With >=50% Reduction in Mean Weekly Crying Duration

Intervention	number of episodes (Mean)
	Visit T1 - Baseline	Visit T5
Bifidobacterium BB-12®	7.92	3.15
Placebo	8.28	6.04

"Treatment success rate was evaluated in terms of reduction of crying duration, comparing mean weekly duration of the last Week (from T4 to T5) and mean weekly duration of Week 1 (from T0 to T1). The daily number and duration of crying episodes has been collected in the 'Evaluation of crying' section of the patient diary.~Weekly mean is defined as the mean of the calculated average daily durations during the selected week and is described by means of descriptive statistics for continuous data. Mean changes from baseline (i.e. mean of the first Week) to the mean of the selected week will be computed as well.~The following categories of patients has been defined:~Success = patients who meet the criteria for the treatment success rate No Success = patients who do not meet the criteria for the treatment success rate Missing = patients who did not do the last visit (Visit T5 - at 28 days from baseline)" (NCT03434249)
Timeframe: at 28 days from the baseline (Visit T5)

Secretory Immunoglobulin A (SIgA)

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
	Visit T5 - Success	Visit T5 - No Success	Visit T5 - Missing
Bifidobacterium BB-12®	32	3	5
Placebo	13	24	3

Secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA) levels in fecal samples (NCT03434249)
Timeframe: at 7 days (Visit T1 - baseline) and 28 days from the baseline (Visit T5)

Short Chain Fatty Acids - Butyrate

Intervention	microg/g (Mean)
	Visit T1 - Baseline	Visit T5
Bifidobacterium BB-12®	84.79	250.65
Placebo	86.55	192.01

Evaluation of Butyrate levels in fecal samples (NCT03434249)
Timeframe: at 7 days (Visit T1 - baseline) and 28 days from the baseline (Visit T5)

Concentration of Metformin in Adipose Tissue

Intervention	mM/Kg (Mean)
	Visit T1 - Baseline	Visit T5
Bifidobacterium BB-12®	0.19	0.63
Placebo	0.17	0.32

To determine the concentration of metformin in adipose tissue. (NCT03477162)
Timeframe: Within 7 days from surgery

Concentration of Metformin in Plasma.

Intervention	ng/g (Median)
Metformin	70

To determine the concentration of metformin in plasma. (NCT03477162)
Timeframe: Within 7 days from surgery

Concentration of Metformin in Tumor-adjacent Normal Tissue

Intervention	ng/mL (Median)
Metformin	450

To determine the concentration of metformin in tumor-adjacent normal tissue. (NCT03477162)
Timeframe: Within 7 days from surgery

Concentration of Metformin in Whole Blood.

Intervention	ng/g (Median)
Metformin	749

To determine the concentration of metformin in whole blood. (NCT03477162)
Timeframe: Within 7 days from surgery

Lung Tumor Tissue Concentration of Metformin

Intervention	ng/mL (Median)
Metformin	514

To determine the intra-tumor concentrations of metformin, with a standard deviation ≤25% of the mean, in patients with solid tumors of thoracic origin administered metformin extended release. (NCT03477162)
Timeframe: Within 7 days from surgery

Comparison of Changes in Fasting Serum Glucose (FSG)With Pioglitazone and Metformin

Intervention	ng/g (Median)
Metformin	1290

Response rate was defined by ≥10% decrease of FSG or/and ≥1% decrease of HbA1c from the baseline values after 3 months treatment.48 responded to pioglitazone and 32 responded to metformin. (NCT01589445)
Timeframe: 3 months for each drug

Comparison of Changes in Fasting Serum Insulin (FSI)With Pioglitazone and Metformin

Intervention	mmol/l (Mean)
	Baseline FSG	3rd Month FSG
Metformin ( 002 Group)	6.2	6.5
Pioglitazone (001 Group)	6.9	5.4

Comparison of Changes in Glycosylated Hemoglobin (HbA1c)With Pioglitazone and Metformin

Intervention	μU/ml (Mean)
	Baseline FSI	3rd month FSI
Metformin ( 002 Group)	13.0	13.9
Pioglitazone (001 Group)	16.2	12.3

Comparison of Changes in HOMA Percent B and HOMA Percent S With Pioglitazone and Metformin

Intervention	percentage (Mean)
	Baseline HbA1c	3rd month HbA1c
Metformin ( 002 Group)	7.8	7.0
Pioglitazone (001 Group)	7.3	6.7

"Response rate was defined by ≥10% decrease of FSG or/and ≥1% decrease of HbA1c from the baseline values after 3 months treatment.48 responded to pioglitazone and 32 responded to metformin.~Analysis 1: Homeostatic Model Assessment of Beta cell function(HOMA percent B) Analysis 2: Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Sensitivity (Homa percent S)" (NCT01589445)
Timeframe: 3 months for each drug

Comparison of Changes in Insulin Levels (HOMA IR,QUICKI) With Pioglitazone and Metformin

Intervention	percentage (Mean)
	Baseline HOMA percent beta cells function	3rd month HOMA percent beta cells function	Baseline HOMA percent sensitivity	3rd month HOMA percent sensitivity
Metformin ( 002 Group)	109.3	116.0	76.2	67.2
Pioglitazone (001 Group)	118.9	132.3	51.1	69.3

"Response rate was defined by ≥10% decrease of FSG or/and ≥1% decrease of HbA1c from the baseline values after 3 months treatment.48 responded to pioglitazone and 32 responded to metformin.~Analysis 1: Homeostasis Model Assessment Insulin Resistance(HOMA IR) Analysis 2: Quantitative Insulin sensitivity Check Index(QUICKI)" (NCT01589445)
Timeframe: 3 months for each drug

Comparison of Changes in Lipid Profiles With Pioglitazone and Metformin

Intervention	Score on a scale ( SI unit) (Mean)
	Baseline QUICKI	3rd month QUICKI	Baseline HOMA IR	3rd month HOMA IR
Metformin ( 002 Group)	0.57	0.54	3.7	4.3
Pioglitazone (001 Group)	0.52	0.59	5.1	2.9

"Response rate was defined by ≥10% decrease of FSG or/and ≥1% decrease of HbA1c from the baseline values after 3 months treatment.48 responded to pioglitazone and 32 responded to metformin.~Analysis 1:Total Cholesterol(TC) Analysis 2:Triglyceride(TG) Analysis 3:High Density Lipoprotein(HDL) Analysis 4:Low Density Lipoprotein(LDL)" (NCT01589445)
Timeframe: 3 months for each drug

Intervention	mg/dl (Mean)
	Baseline TC	3rd month TC	Baseline TG	3rd month TG	Baseline HDL	3rd month HDL	Baseline LDL	3rd month LDL
Metformin (002 Group)	193.0	177.0	166.0	175.0	34.4	34.7	125.6	112.0
Pioglitazone (001 Group)	182.0	178	183	195	33	33.2	112.8	105.5

Article	Year
Performing at extreme altitude: muscle cellular and subcellular adaptations. European journal of applied physiology, 2003, Volume: 90, Issue:3-4 Topics: Acclimatization; Adult; Altitude; Atmospheric Pressure; Body Weight; Citrate (si)-Synthase; Electron	2003
Effects of the menstrual cycle on exercise performance. Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.), 2003, Volume: 33, Issue:11 Topics: Body Temperature; Body Weight; Drug Interactions; Estrogens; Exercise; Humans; Lactic Acid; Menstrua	2003

Article	Year
High-intensity Interval Training Shock Microcycle Improves Running Performance but not Economy in Female Soccer Players. International journal of sports medicine, 2021, Volume: 42, Issue:8 Topics: Body Height; Body Weight; Exercise Test; Female; Heart Rate; High-Intensity Interval Training; Human	2021
High-Intensity Interval Training Augments Muscle Carnosine in the Absence of Dietary Beta-alanine Intake. Medicine and science in sports and exercise, 2018, Volume: 50, Issue:11 Topics: Adaptation, Physiological; Anaerobic Threshold; beta-Alanine; Body Fat Distribution; Body Weight; Ca	2018
Fermented milk improves glucose metabolism in exercise-induced muscle damage in young healthy men. Nutrition journal, 2013, Jun-16, Volume: 12 Topics: Blood Glucose; Body Mass Index; Body Weight; C-Reactive Protein; Carbohydrate Metabolism; Cholestero	2013
Effects of feed additives on rumen and blood profiles during a starch and fructose challenge. Journal of dairy science, 2014, Volume: 97, Issue:2 Topics: Ammonia; Animal Feed; Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Animals; Body Weight; Cattle; Diet	2014
Metabolic fate of fructose ingested with and without glucose in a mixed meal. Nutrients, 2014, Jul-15, Volume: 6, Issue:7 Topics: Adipose Tissue; Adult; Blood Glucose; Blood Pressure; Body Mass Index; Body Weight; Chylomicrons; Cr	2014
Metabolic fate of fructose ingested with and without glucose in a mixed meal. Nutrients, 2014, Jul-15, Volume: 6, Issue:7 Topics: Adipose Tissue; Adult; Blood Glucose; Blood Pressure; Body Mass Index; Body Weight; Chylomicrons; Cr	2014
Metabolic fate of fructose ingested with and without glucose in a mixed meal. Nutrients, 2014, Jul-15, Volume: 6, Issue:7 Topics: Adipose Tissue; Adult; Blood Glucose; Blood Pressure; Body Mass Index; Body Weight; Chylomicrons; Cr	2014
Metabolic fate of fructose ingested with and without glucose in a mixed meal. Nutrients, 2014, Jul-15, Volume: 6, Issue:7 Topics: Adipose Tissue; Adult; Blood Glucose; Blood Pressure; Body Mass Index; Body Weight; Chylomicrons; Cr	2014
Caffeine ingestion after rapid weight loss in judo athletes reduces perceived effort and increases plasma lactate concentration without improving performance. Nutrients, 2014, Jul-22, Volume: 6, Issue:7 Topics: Adipose Tissue; Adult; Athletes; Athletic Performance; Body Composition; Body Weight; Caffeine; Cros	2014
The effect of green tea extract supplementation on exercise-induced oxidative stress parameters in male sprinters. European journal of nutrition, 2015, Volume: 54, Issue:5 Topics: Ascorbic Acid; beta Carotene; Biomarkers; Body Mass Index; Body Weight; Creatine Kinase; Cross-Over	2015
The effects of temporal neck cooling on cognitive function during strenuous exercise in a hot environment: a pilot study. BMC research notes, 2015, May-30, Volume: 8 Topics: Adult; Body Temperature; Body Weight; Cognition; Cold Temperature; Environment; Exercise; Heart Rate	2015
Sodium bicarbonate intake improves high-intensity intermittent exercise performance in trained young men. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 2015, Volume: 12 Topics: Alkalosis; Blood Glucose; Body Weight; Cross-Over Studies; Fatigue; Heart Rate; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion	2015
Short communication: Effects of oral flavonoid supplementation on the metabolic and antioxidative status of newborn dairy calves. Journal of dairy science, 2016, Volume: 99, Issue:1 Topics: Administration, Oral; Animal Feed; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Antioxidants; Blood Glucose; Body Weig	2016
Keto analogue and amino acid supplementation and its effects on ammonemia and performance under thermoneutral conditions. Food & function, 2016, Volume: 7, Issue:2 Topics: Amino Acids; Athletes; Athletic Performance; Bicycling; Body Weight; Cognition; Dietary Supplements;	2016
Influence of green tea catechins on oxidative stress metabolites at rest and during exercise in healthy humans. Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.), 2016, Volume: 32, Issue:3 Topics: 8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine; Antioxidants; Biomarkers; Blood Pressure; Body Weight; Catechin; Catech	2016
Expectancy of ergogenicity from sodium bicarbonate ingestion increases high-intensity cycling capacity. Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme, 2016, Volume: 41, Issue:4 Topics: Bicycling; Blood Glucose; Body Mass Index; Body Weight; Cardiovascular System; Dietary Supplements;	2016
Influence of Post-Exercise Carbohydrate-Protein Ingestion on Muscle Glycogen Metabolism in Recovery and Subsequent Running Exercise. International journal of sport nutrition and exercise metabolism, 2016, Volume: 26, Issue:6 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Blood Glucose; Body Mass Index; Body Weight; Dietary Carbohydrates; Dietary Prote	2016
Predictors of Inadequate Linezolid Concentrations after Standard Dosing in Critically Ill Patients. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 2016, Volume: 60, Issue:9 Topics: Aged; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Body Weight; Creatinine; Critical Illness; Drug Administration Schedule	2016
The Effect of Post-Resistance Exercise Amino Acids on Plasma MCP-1 and CCR2 Expression. Nutrients, 2016, Jul-02, Volume: 8, Issue:7 Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Amino Acids; Biomarkers; Body Mass Index; Body Weight; CD11b Antigen; C	2016
The Acute Effects of Simple Sugar Ingestion on Appetite, Gut-Derived Hormone Response, and Metabolic Markers in Men. Nutrients, 2017, Feb-14, Volume: 9, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Appetite; Biomarkers; Blood Glucose; Body Mass Index; Body Weight; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified	2017
Fructose and Sucrose Intake Increase Exogenous Carbohydrate Oxidation during Exercise. Nutrients, 2017, Feb-20, Volume: 9, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Bicycling; Blood Glucose; Body Mass Index; Body Weight; Cross-Over Studies; Diet; Dietary Car	2017
Effects of Bifidobacterium lactis Bb12 supplementation on body weight, fecal pH, acetate, lactate, calprotectin, and IgA in preterm infants. Pediatric research, 2008, Volume: 64, Issue:4 Topics: Acetates; Bifidobacterium; Body Weight; Dietary Supplements; Feces; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentrati	2008
Effects of Bifidobacterium lactis Bb12 supplementation on body weight, fecal pH, acetate, lactate, calprotectin, and IgA in preterm infants. Pediatric research, 2008, Volume: 64, Issue:4 Topics: Acetates; Bifidobacterium; Body Weight; Dietary Supplements; Feces; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentrati	2008
Effects of Bifidobacterium lactis Bb12 supplementation on body weight, fecal pH, acetate, lactate, calprotectin, and IgA in preterm infants. Pediatric research, 2008, Volume: 64, Issue:4 Topics: Acetates; Bifidobacterium; Body Weight; Dietary Supplements; Feces; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentrati	2008
Effects of Bifidobacterium lactis Bb12 supplementation on body weight, fecal pH, acetate, lactate, calprotectin, and IgA in preterm infants. Pediatric research, 2008, Volume: 64, Issue:4 Topics: Acetates; Bifidobacterium; Body Weight; Dietary Supplements; Feces; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentrati	2008
Four weeks of speed endurance training reduces energy expenditure during exercise and maintains muscle oxidative capacity despite a reduction in training volume. Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985), 2009, Volume: 106, Issue:1 Topics: Adaptation, Physiological; Adult; Body Weight; Capillaries; Energy Metabolism; Heart Rate; Humans; I	2009
Improved endurance capacity following chocolate milk consumption compared with 2 commercially available sport drinks. Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme, 2009, Volume: 34, Issue:1 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Animals; Beverages; Body Weight; Cacao; Dietary Carbohydrates; Energy Intake; Gly	2009
Creatine supplementation improves the anaerobic performance of elite junior fin swimmers. Acta physiologica Hungarica, 2009, Volume: 96, Issue:3 Topics: Administration, Oral; Adolescent; Body Weight; Creatine; Dietary Supplements; Double-Blind Method; H	2009
Effect of heavy strength training on thigh muscle cross-sectional area, performance determinants, and performance in well-trained cyclists. European journal of applied physiology, 2010, Volume: 108, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Anatomy, Cross-Sectional; Athletes; Athletic Performance; Bicycling; Biomarkers; Body Weight;	2010
A phase II study of an herbal decoction that includes Astragali radix for cancer-associated anorexia in patients with advanced cancer. Integrative cancer therapies, 2010, Volume: 9, Issue:1 Topics: Aged; Anorexia; Astragalus Plant; Body Weight; Cytokines; Disease Progression; Drugs, Chinese Herbal	2010
Orange juice improved lipid profile and blood lactate of overweight middle-aged women subjected to aerobic training. Maturitas, 2010, Volume: 67, Issue:4 Topics: Adipose Tissue; Adult; Anaerobic Threshold; Ascorbic Acid; Body Weight; Cholesterol, HDL; Cholestero	2010
Relevance of colloid oncotic pressure regulation during neonatal and infant cardiopulmonary bypass: a prospective randomized study. European journal of cardio-thoracic surgery : official journal of the European Association for Cardio-thoracic Surgery, 2011, Volume: 39, Issue:6 Topics: Body Weight; Cardiopulmonary Bypass; Colloids; Double-Blind Method; Drug Administration Schedule; Fe	2011
Effects of β-alanine supplementation on performance and body composition in collegiate wrestlers and football players. Journal of strength and conditioning research, 2011, Volume: 25, Issue:7 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Anaerobic Threshold; Analysis of Variance; Athletic Performance; beta-Alanine; Bo	2011
A comparison of asynchronous and synchronous arm cranking during the Wingate test. International journal of sports physiology and performance, 2011, Volume: 6, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Arm; Biomarkers; Body Weight; Exercise Test; Humans; Lactic Acid; Male; Muscle Contraction; M	2011
Effects of beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate and creatine monohydrate supplementation on the aerobic and anaerobic capacity of highly trained athletes. The Journal of sports medicine and physical fitness, 2003, Volume: 43, Issue:1 Topics: Administration, Oral; Adolescent; Adult; Body Weight; Creatine; Dietary Supplements; Exercise; Exerc	2003
The influence of a 6.5% carbohydrate-electrolyte solution on performance of prolonged intermittent high-intensity running at 30 degrees C. Journal of sports sciences, 2003, Volume: 21, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Ammonia; Blood Pressure; Body Temperature Regulation; Body Weight; Carbohydrates; Drinking; E	2003
Short-term creatine supplementation does not improve muscle activation or sprint performance in humans. European journal of applied physiology, 2004, Volume: 91, Issue:2-3 Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Anatomy, Cross-Sectional; Body Weight; Creatine; Dietary Supplements; E	2004
Energetics of karate kumite. European journal of applied physiology, 2004, Volume: 92, Issue:4-5 Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Adult; Aerobiosis; Anaerobiosis; Body Weight; Carbon Dioxide; Energy Metabol	2004
Residual effects of prior exercise and recovery on subsequent exercise-induced metabolic responses. European journal of applied physiology, 2004, Volume: 92, Issue:4-5 Topics: Adult; Anaerobic Threshold; Bed Rest; Body Temperature; Body Weight; Energy Metabolism; Exercise; He	2004
Chitosan delivery systems for the treatment of oral mucositis: in vitro and in vivo studies. Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society, 2004, Aug-11, Volume: 98, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Animals; Antifungal Agents; Biological Availability; Body Weight; Chitosan; Cricetinae; Cross	2004
Effect of administration of recombinant human leptin during the neonatal period on the plasma concentration and gene expression of leptin in the piglet. Biology of the neonate, 2005, Volume: 87, Issue:1 Topics: Adipose Tissue; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Biometry; Body Weight; Bone Development; Female; Gene Exp	2005
Effects of drinking water treatment on susceptibility of laying hens to Salmonella enteritidis during forced molt. Poultry science, 2005, Volume: 84, Issue:2 Topics: Acetic Acid; Animals; Body Weight; Cecum; Chickens; Crop, Avian; Fatty Acids, Volatile; Female; Food	2005
Effects of intense training during and after pregnancy in top-level athletes. Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports, 2005, Volume: 15, Issue:2 Topics: Anaerobic Threshold; Analysis of Variance; Body Weight; Ergometry; Exercise; Fatigue; Female; Heart	2005
17beta-estradiol supplementation decreases glucose rate of appearance and disappearance with no effect on glycogen utilization during moderate intensity exercise in men. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2005, Volume: 90, Issue:11 Topics: Adult; Body Weight; Double-Blind Method; Estradiol; Exercise; Glucose; Glycogen; Humans; Lactic Acid	2005
Influence of creatine supplementation on 800 m wheelchair performance: a pilot study. Spinal cord, 2006, Volume: 44, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Analysis of Variance; Body Weight; Creatine; Cross-Over Studies; Dietary Supplements; Double-	2006
The effects of work-rest duration on intermittent exercise and subsequent performance. Journal of sports sciences, 2005, Volume: 23, Issue:8 Topics: Adult; Blood Glucose; Body Weight; Exercise; Heart Rate; Humans; Lactic Acid; Male; Oxygen Consumpti	2005
Effects of colostrum feeding and glucocorticoid administration on insulin-dependent glucose metabolism in neonatal calves. Domestic animal endocrinology, 2006, Volume: 31, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Blood Glucose; Body Weight; Cattle; Colostrum; Dexamethasone; Eating; Fat	2006
Effects of purified oxygenated water on exercise performance during acute hypoxic exposure. International journal of sport nutrition and exercise metabolism, 2005, Volume: 15, Issue:6 Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Altitude; Bicycling; Blood Gas Analysis; Body Weight; Cross-Over Studie	2005
Metabolic and anthropometric changes one year after switching from didanosine/stavudine to tenofovir in HIV-infected patients. European journal of medical research, 2007, Feb-26, Volume: 12, Issue:2 Topics: Adenine; Adult; Aged; Anti-HIV Agents; Body Weight; CD4 Lymphocyte Count; Cholesterol; Cholesterol,	2007
Prolonged administration of recombinant human erythropoietin increases submaximal performance more than maximal aerobic capacity. European journal of applied physiology, 2007, Volume: 101, Issue:4 Topics: Absorptiometry, Photon; Adiposity; Adult; Anaerobic Threshold; Athletic Performance; Bicycling; Body	2007
Effect of farm floor type on the behaviour of heavy pigs during pre-slaughter handling. Veterinary research communications, 2007, Volume: 31 Suppl 1 Topics: Abattoirs; Animal Husbandry; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Body Weight; Creatine Kinase; Floors and Flo	2007
Effect of graded fructose coingestion with maltodextrin on exogenous 14C-fructose and 13C-glucose oxidation efficiency and high-intensity cycling performance. Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985), 2008, Volume: 104, Issue:6 Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Athletic Performance; Beverages; Bicarbonates; Blood Glucose; Body Weig	2008
Skeletal muscle metabolism during short duration high-intensity exercise: influence of creatine supplementation. Acta physiologica Scandinavica, 1995, Volume: 154, Issue:3 Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Adult; Body Weight; Creatine; Exercise; Exercise Test; Glycolysis; Humans; H	1995
Efficacy of metformin in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. The Multicenter Metformin Study Group. The New England journal of medicine, 1995, Aug-31, Volume: 333, Issue:9 Topics: Blood Glucose; Body Weight; Cholesterol; Diabetes Mellitus; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Double-Blind	1995
Efficacy of metformin in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. The Multicenter Metformin Study Group. The New England journal of medicine, 1995, Aug-31, Volume: 333, Issue:9 Topics: Blood Glucose; Body Weight; Cholesterol; Diabetes Mellitus; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Double-Blind	1995
Efficacy of metformin in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. The Multicenter Metformin Study Group. The New England journal of medicine, 1995, Aug-31, Volume: 333, Issue:9 Topics: Blood Glucose; Body Weight; Cholesterol; Diabetes Mellitus; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Double-Blind	1995
Efficacy of metformin in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. The Multicenter Metformin Study Group. The New England journal of medicine, 1995, Aug-31, Volume: 333, Issue:9 Topics: Blood Glucose; Body Weight; Cholesterol; Diabetes Mellitus; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Double-Blind	1995
Efficacy of metformin in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. The Multicenter Metformin Study Group. The New England journal of medicine, 1995, Aug-31, Volume: 333, Issue:9 Topics: Blood Glucose; Body Weight; Cholesterol; Diabetes Mellitus; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Double-Blind	1995
Efficacy of metformin in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. The Multicenter Metformin Study Group. The New England journal of medicine, 1995, Aug-31, Volume: 333, Issue:9 Topics: Blood Glucose; Body Weight; Cholesterol; Diabetes Mellitus; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Double-Blind	1995
Efficacy of metformin in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. The Multicenter Metformin Study Group. The New England journal of medicine, 1995, Aug-31, Volume: 333, Issue:9 Topics: Blood Glucose; Body Weight; Cholesterol; Diabetes Mellitus; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Double-Blind	1995
Efficacy of metformin in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. The Multicenter Metformin Study Group. The New England journal of medicine, 1995, Aug-31, Volume: 333, Issue:9 Topics: Blood Glucose; Body Weight; Cholesterol; Diabetes Mellitus; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Double-Blind	1995
Efficacy of metformin in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. The Multicenter Metformin Study Group. The New England journal of medicine, 1995, Aug-31, Volume: 333, Issue:9 Topics: Blood Glucose; Body Weight; Cholesterol; Diabetes Mellitus; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Double-Blind	1995
Physiological determinants of 10-km performance in highly trained female runners of different ages. Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985), 1995, Volume: 78, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Aging; Anaerobic Threshold; Body Composition; Body Weight; Energy Metabolism; Female; Humans;	1995
Aerobic and anaerobic contribution to Wingate test performance in sprint and middle-distance runners. European journal of applied physiology and occupational physiology, 1995, Volume: 70, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Aerobiosis; Anaerobiosis; Body Weight; Energy Metabolism; Humans; Lactates; Lactic Acid; Male	1995
Influence of training on the response of androgen plasma concentrations to exercise in swimmers. European journal of applied physiology and occupational physiology, 1995, Volume: 70, Issue:2 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Androgens; Blood Proteins; Body Weight; Exercise; Hematocrit; Humans; Hydrocortis	1995
The metabolic and ventilatory response to exercise in Tibetans born at low altitude. Respiration physiology, 1994, Volume: 98, Issue:1 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aerobiosis; Altitude; Body Composition; Body Height; Body Weight; Exercise; Exerc	1994
The influence of a 1-year programme of brisk walking on endurance fitness and body composition in previously sedentary men aged 42-59 years. European journal of applied physiology and occupational physiology, 1994, Volume: 68, Issue:6 Topics: Adult; Body Composition; Body Weight; Energy Intake; Exercise; Heart Rate; Humans; Lactates; Lactic	1994
Changes in appetite and weight during the pharmacological treatment of patients with panic disorder. Canadian journal of psychiatry. Revue canadienne de psychiatrie, 1993, Volume: 38, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Agoraphobia; Appetite; Body Weight; Diazepam; Dietary Carbohydrates; Double-Blind Method; Fem	1993
Energy cost and energy sources in karate. European journal of applied physiology and occupational physiology, 1995, Volume: 71, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Aerobiosis; Anaerobiosis; Blood Gas Analysis; Body Weight; Energy Metabolism; Energy Transfer	1995
Peak blood lactate and blood lactate vs. workload during acclimatization to 5,050 m and in deacclimatization. Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985), 1996, Volume: 80, Issue:2 Topics: Acclimatization; Acid-Base Equilibrium; Adipose Tissue; Adult; Altitude; Blood Gas Analysis; Body Co	1996
The effect of creatine supplementation on two 700-m maximal running bouts. International journal of sport nutrition, 1997, Volume: 7, Issue:2 Topics: Body Weight; Food, Fortified; Humans; Lactic Acid; Male; Matched-Pair Analysis; Phosphocreatine; Run	1997
Blood glucose and glucoregulatory hormone responses to solid and liquid carbohydrate ingestion during exercise. International journal of sport nutrition, 1998, Volume: 8, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Blood Glucose; Body Weight; Cohort Studies; Dietary Carbohydrates; Energy Intake; Exercise; G	1998
Relationship between maximal pulmonary ventilation and arterialized venous blood potassium and dopamine concentrations obtained at exhaustion in man. The Japanese journal of physiology, 1998, Volume: 48, Issue:1 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Body Weight; Carbon Dioxide; Catecholamines; Dopamine; Exercise Test; Humans; Hyd	1998
Altered metabolic response of iron-depleted nonanemic women during a 15-km time trial. Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985), 1998, Volume: 84, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Anemia; Blood Glucose; Body Weight; Double-Blind Method; Energy Metabolism; Ergometry; Female	1998
The effects of caffeine on the maximal accumulated oxygen deficit and short-term running performance. International journal of sport nutrition, 1998, Volume: 8, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Body Weight; Caffeine; Double-Blind Method; Exercise; Humans; Lactic Acid; Male; Oxygen Consu	1998
Irreversibility of the defect in glycogen synthase activity in skeletal muscle from obese patients with NIDDM treated with diet and metformin. Diabetes care, 1998, Volume: 21, Issue:9 Topics: Adult; Blood Glucose; Body Weight; Calorimetry, Indirect; Diabetes Mellitus; Diabetes Mellitus, Type	1998
African runners exhibit greater fatigue resistance, lower lactate accumulation, and higher oxidative enzyme activity. Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985), 1999, Volume: 86, Issue:3 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Anaerobic Threshold; Black People; Body Composition; Body Height; Body Weight; Ci	1999
Effect of acute postexercise ethanol intoxication on the neuroendocrine response to resistance exercise. Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985), 2000, Volume: 88, Issue:1 Topics: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Adult; Alcoholic Intoxication; Body Weight; Epinephrine; Ethanol; Exerc	2000
Intravenous versus oral rehydration during a brief period: responses to subsequent exercise in the heat. Medicine and science in sports and exercise, 2000, Volume: 32, Issue:1 Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Analysis of Variance; Blood Pressure; Body Temperature; Body Temperatur	2000
Suppression of nocturnal fatty acid concentrations by bedtime carbohydrate supplement in type 2 diabetes: effects on insulin sensitivity, lipids, and glycemic control. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 2000, Volume: 71, Issue:5 Topics: Blood Glucose; Body Weight; C-Peptide; Circadian Rhythm; Cross-Over Studies; Diabetes Mellitus, Type	2000
Effect of acute hypoxia on vasopressin release and intravascular fluid during dynamic exercise in humans. American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology, 2000, Volume: 279, Issue:1 Topics: Acute Disease; Adult; Arginine Vasopressin; Blood Gas Analysis; Blood Pressure; Body Water; Body Wei	2000
Effects of differing heat and humidity on the performance and recovery from multiple high intensity, intermittent exercise bouts. International journal of sports medicine, 2000, Volume: 21, Issue:6 Topics: Adult; Bicycling; Body Weight; Dehydration; Exercise; Hematocrit; Hot Temperature; Humans; Humidity;	2000
The effects of drafting on stroking variations during swimming in elite male triathletes. European journal of applied physiology, 2000, Volume: 82, Issue:5-6 Topics: Adult; Biomechanical Phenomena; Body Composition; Body Height; Body Weight; Energy Metabolism; Human	2000
Effects of drafting behind a two- or a six-beat kick swimmer in elite female triathletes. European journal of applied physiology, 2000, Volume: 82, Issue:5-6 Topics: Adult; Biomechanical Phenomena; Body Composition; Body Height; Body Weight; Energy Metabolism; Femal	2000
Postexercise fat intake repletes intramyocellular lipids but no faster in trained than in sedentary subjects. American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology, 2001, Volume: 281, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Body Composition; Body Weight; Carbon Isotopes; Dietary Fats; Exercise Test; Glycogen; Humans	2001
The effect of organic acids on the control of post-weaning oedema disease of piglets. Research in veterinary science, 2001, Volume: 70, Issue:3 Topics: Animal Feed; Animals; Anti-Infective Agents; Body Weight; Citric Acid; Dietary Supplements; Edema Di	2001
Hypohydration adversely affects lactate threshold in endurance athletes. Journal of strength and conditioning research, 2002, Volume: 16, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Body Weight; Dehydration; Exercise Test; Female; Heart Rate; Humans; Lactic Acid; Male; Oxyge	2002
Increases in maximal accumulated oxygen deficit after high-intensity interval training are not gender dependent. Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985), 2002, Volume: 92, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Body Composition; Body Height; Body Weight; Exercise; Exercise Test; Female; Heart Rate; Huma	2002
Acute creatine supplementation and performance during a field test simulating match play in elite female soccer players. International journal of sport nutrition and exercise metabolism, 2002, Volume: 12, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Body Weight; Creatine; Dietary Supplements; Double-Blind Method; Exercise Test; Female; Heart	2002
Effects of high-fat and high-carbohydrate diets on metabolism and performance in cycling. Metabolism: clinical and experimental, 2002, Volume: 51, Issue:6 Topics: Adult; Blood Glucose; Body Weight; Dietary Carbohydrates; Dietary Fats; Energy Metabolism; Exercise	2002
Effects of coenzyme athletic performance system as an ergogenic aid on endurance performance to exhaustion. International journal of sport nutrition, 1992, Volume: 2, Issue:3 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Blood Glucose; Body Weight; Coenzymes; Cytochrome c Group; Diet; Fatty Acids, Non	1992
Antihypertensive and volume-depleting effects of mild exercise on essential hypertension. Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979), 1987, Volume: 9, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Blood Volume; Body Weight; Electrolytes; Exercise Therapy; Female; Hemodynamics; Humans; Hype	1987

lactic acid and Body Weight