Page last updated: 2024-10-18

kynurenine and Parkinson Disease

kynurenine has been researched along with Parkinson Disease in 42 studies

Kynurenine: A metabolite of the essential amino acid tryptophan metabolized via the tryptophan-kynurenine pathway.
kynurenine : A ketone that is alanine in which one of the methyl hydrogens is substituted by a 2-aminobenzoyl group.

Parkinson Disease: A progressive, degenerative neurologic disease characterized by a TREMOR that is maximal at rest, retropulsion (i.e. a tendency to fall backwards), rigidity, stooped posture, slowness of voluntary movements, and a masklike facial expression. Pathologic features include loss of melanin containing neurons in the substantia nigra and other pigmented nuclei of the brainstem. LEWY BODIES are present in the substantia nigra and locus coeruleus but may also be found in a related condition (LEWY BODY DISEASE, DIFFUSE) characterized by dementia in combination with varying degrees of parkinsonism. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1059, pp1067-75)

Research Excerpts

ExcerptRelevanceReference
"Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) are the most common neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), presenting a broad range of symptoms from motor dysfunctions to psychobehavioral manifestations."6.66Exploring the Etiological Links behind Neurodegenerative Diseases: Inflammatory Cytokines and Bioactive Kynurenines. ( Tanaka, M; Toldi, J; Vécsei, L, 2020)
"Boosting KYNA levels, through interference with the KP enzymes or through application of prodrugs/analogs with high bioavailability and potency, is a promising clinical approach."2.82Kynurenic acid in neurodegenerative disorders-unique neuroprotection or double-edged sword? ( Ostapiuk, A; Urbanska, EM, 2022)
"Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) are the most common neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), presenting a broad range of symptoms from motor dysfunctions to psychobehavioral manifestations."2.66Exploring the Etiological Links behind Neurodegenerative Diseases: Inflammatory Cytokines and Bioactive Kynurenines. ( Tanaka, M; Toldi, J; Vécsei, L, 2020)
"Parkinson's disease is a common progressive neurodegenerative disorder presenting with characteristic motor symptoms."2.53Excitotoxic Mechanisms in Non-Motor Dysfunctions and Levodopa- Induced Dyskinesia in Parkinson's Disease: The Role of the Interaction Between the Dopaminergic and the Kynurenine System. ( Fülöp, F; Majláth, Z; Toldi, J; Vécsei, L, 2016)
" Although levodopa continues to be the gold standard of symptomatic efficacy for treatment of the cardinal motor features, its chronic use is associated with potentially disabling motor complications."2.46Medical treatment of Parkinson's disease: today and the future. ( Gárdián, G; Vécsei, L, 2010)
"L-kynurenine is a central compound of this pathway since it can change to the neuroprotective agent kynurenic acid or to the neurotoxic agent quinolinic acid."2.43Kynurenines, Parkinson's disease and other neurodegenerative disorders: preclinical and clinical studies. ( Németh, H; Toldi, J; Vécsei, L, 2006)
" To exploit possibilities of TDO inhibitory treatment, development of further selective TDO inhibitor compounds with good bioavailability features and models adequately replicating PD symptoms of systemic origin should be prioritized."1.62Tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase, a novel therapeutic target for Parkinson's disease. ( Boros, FA; Vécsei, L, 2021)
"The kynurenine (KYN) pathway plays an important role in degrading molecules responsible for oxidative stress in the central nervous system (CNS), but can also have neurotoxic effects."1.56Impaired metabolism of kynurenine and its metabolites in CSF of parkinson's disease. ( Iwaoka, K; Kato, K; Maeda, T; Otsuka, C; Takahashi, K; Terayama, Y; Yamahara, K, 2020)
"The pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD) remains to be elucidated."1.48Alternations of Metabolic Profile and Kynurenine Metabolism in the Plasma of Parkinson's Disease. ( Chang, KH; Chen, CM; Cheng, ML; Huang, CY; Tang, HY; Wu, YR, 2018)
"L-3,4-Dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA) is the most effective drug in the symptomatic treatment of Parkinson's disease, but chronic use is associated with L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia in more than half the patients after 10 years of treatment."1.46Changes in kynurenine pathway metabolism in Parkinson patients with L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia. ( Andersen, AD; Binzer, M; Blaabjerg, M; Faergeman, NJ; Gramsbergen, JB; Havelund, JF; Heegaard, NHH; Stenager, E, 2017)
"In 22 patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and in 11 age-matched controls, serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) neopterin concentrations were measured by ELISA."1.31Increased neopterin production and tryptophan degradation in advanced Parkinson's disease. ( Fuchs, D; Leblhuber, F; Widner, B, 2002)
"In untreated patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), the total (free and conjugated) serotonin (5-HT) and dopamine (DA) concentrations in the cerebrospinal fluid decreased significantly."1.29Alterations in the concentration of serotonergic and dopaminergic substances in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with Parkinson's disease, and their changes after L-dopa administration. ( Abe, T; Hamato, H; Takahashi, J; Takahashi, S; Tohgi, H, 1993)

Research

Studies (42)

TimeframeStudies, this research(%)All Research%
pre-19901 (2.38)18.7374
1990's4 (9.52)18.2507
2000's5 (11.90)29.6817
2010's16 (38.10)24.3611
2020's16 (38.10)2.80

Authors

AuthorsStudies
Boros, FA1
Vécsei, L11
Ostapiuk, A1
Urbanska, EM1
Endepols, H1
Zlatopolskiy, BD1
Zischler, J1
Alavinejad, N1
Apetz, N1
Vus, S1
Drzezga, A1
Neumaier, B1
Venkatesan, D1
Iyer, M1
S, RW1
Narayanasamy, A1
Kamalakannan, S1
Valsala Gopalakrishnan, A1
Vellingiri, B1
Qin, W1
Shi, Y1
Chen, W1
Jia, X1
Asakawa, T1
Martins, LB1
Silveira, ALM1
Teixeira, AL1
Török, N1
Maszlag-Török, R1
Molnár, K1
Szolnoki, Z1
Somogyvári, F1
Boda, K1
Tanaka, M2
Klivényi, P4
Fathi, M1
Vakili, K1
Yaghoobpoor, S1
Tavasol, A1
Jazi, K1
Hajibeygi, R1
Shool, S1
Sodeifian, F1
Klegeris, A1
McElhinney, A1
Tavirani, MR1
Sayehmiri, F1
Chen, P1
Geng, X1
Hajihassani, A1
Nourazarian, A1
Nikanfar, M1
Laghousi, D1
Khaki-Khatibi, F1
Iwaoka, K1
Otsuka, C1
Maeda, T1
Yamahara, K1
Kato, K1
Takahashi, K2
Terayama, Y1
Toldi, J7
Bai, JH1
Zheng, YL1
Yu, YP1
Heilman, PL1
Wang, EW1
Lewis, MM1
Krzyzanowski, S1
Capan, CD1
Burmeister, AR1
Du, G1
Escobar Galvis, ML1
Brundin, P1
Huang, X1
Brundin, L1
Pingale, T1
Gupta, GL1
Behl, T1
Kaur, I1
Sehgal, A1
Singh, S1
Bhatia, S1
Al-Harrasi, A1
Zengin, G1
Bumbu, AG1
Andronie-Cioara, FL1
Nechifor, AC1
Gitea, D1
Bungau, AF1
Toma, MM1
Bungau, SG1
Havelund, JF1
Andersen, AD1
Binzer, M1
Blaabjerg, M1
Heegaard, NHH1
Stenager, E1
Faergeman, NJ1
Gramsbergen, JB1
Robertson, DS1
Chang, KH1
Cheng, ML1
Tang, HY1
Huang, CY1
Wu, YR1
Chen, CM1
van den Brink, WJ1
Palic, S1
Köhler, I1
de Lange, ECM1
Sorgdrager, FJH1
Vermeiren, Y1
Van Faassen, M1
van der Ley, C1
Nollen, EAA1
Kema, IP1
De Deyn, PP1
Lewitt, PA1
Li, J1
Lu, M1
Beach, TG1
Adler, CH1
Guo, L1
Amara, AW1
Standaert, DG1
Obál, I1
Majláth, Z2
Luan, H1
Liu, LF1
Meng, N1
Tang, Z1
Chua, KK1
Chen, LL1
Song, JX1
Mok, VC1
Xie, LX1
Li, M1
Cai, Z1
Mazarei, G1
Leavitt, BR1
Fülöp, F2
Lim, CK1
Fernández-Gomez, FJ1
Braidy, N1
Estrada, C1
Costa, C1
Costa, S1
Bessede, A1
Fernandez-Villalba, E1
Zinger, A1
Herrero, MT1
Guillemin, GJ1
Vamos, E1
Pardutz, A1
Gárdián, G1
Szabó, N1
Kincses, ZT1
Zádori, D1
Tan, L2
Yu, JT1
Hartai, Z1
Janaky, T1
Penke, B1
Dux, L1
Németh, H1
Sternberg, EM1
Van Woert, MH1
Young, SN1
Magnussen, I1
Baker, H1
Gauthier, S1
Osterland, CK1
Tohgi, H2
Abe, T2
Takahashi, S2
Takahashi, J2
Hamato, H2
Stone, TW1
Widner, B1
Leblhuber, F1
Fuchs, D1
Beal, MF2
Matson, WR2
Storey, E1
Milbury, P2
Ryan, EA1
Ogawa, T2
Bird, ED2
Myers, RH1
Saso, S1

Clinical Trials (1)

Trial Overview

TrialPhaseEnrollmentStudy TypeStart DateStatus
Influence of 12 Weeks Vitamin D Supplementation Combined With Physical Activity on Blood and Functional Parameters and Quality of Life in Parkinson's Disease Patients Treated With Deep Brain Stimulation[NCT04768023]50 participants (Actual)Interventional2019-11-01Completed
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

Reviews

19 reviews available for kynurenine and Parkinson Disease

ArticleYear
Kynurenic acid in neurodegenerative disorders-unique neuroprotection or double-edged sword?
    CNS neuroscience & therapeutics, 2022, Volume: 28, Issue:1

    Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Brain; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Humans; Huntington Disease; Ky

2022
Can kynurenine pathway be considered as a next-generation therapeutic target for Parkinson's disease? An update information.
    Bioscience trends, 2022, Sep-17, Volume: 16, Issue:4

    Topics: 3-Hydroxyanthranilic Acid; Humans; Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase; Kynurenine; Levodopa; Parki

2022
Dynamic changes in metabolites of the kynurenine pathway in Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and Huntington's disease: A systematic Review and meta-analysis.
    Frontiers in immunology, 2022, Volume: 13

    Topics: 3-Hydroxyanthranilic Acid; Adenosine; Alzheimer Disease; Humans; Huntington Disease; Hydroxyindoleac

2022
Research progress on the kynurenine pathway in the prevention and treatment of Parkinson's disease.
    Journal of enzyme inhibition and medicinal chemistry, 2023, Volume: 38, Issue:1

    Topics: Central Nervous System; Humans; Inflammation; Kynurenine; Parkinson Disease

2023
Exploring the Etiological Links behind Neurodegenerative Diseases: Inflammatory Cytokines and Bioactive Kynurenines.
    International journal of molecular sciences, 2020, Mar-31, Volume: 21, Issue:7

    Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Biomarkers; Cytokines; Humans; Huntington Disease; Infl

2020
Current and emerging therapeutic targets for Parkinson's disease.
    Metabolic brain disease, 2021, Volume: 36, Issue:1

    Topics: Animals; Antiparkinson Agents; Dopaminergic Neurons; Humans; Kynurenine; Melanins; Mitochondria; Par

2021
The Footprint of Kynurenine Pathway in Neurodegeneration: Janus-Faced Role in Parkinson's Disorder and Therapeutic Implications.
    International journal of molecular sciences, 2021, Jun-23, Volume: 22, Issue:13

    Topics: Biomarkers; Central Nervous System; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Humans; Kynurenine; Metabolic Netwo

2021
Access to the CNS: Biomarker Strategies for Dopaminergic Treatments.
    Pharmaceutical research, 2018, Feb-15, Volume: 35, Issue:3

    Topics: Animals; Biomarkers; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine Agents; Drug Development; Humans; Hypothalamo-

2018
Mental disturbances in Parkinson's disease and related disorders: the role of excitotoxins.
    Journal of Parkinson's disease, 2014, Volume: 4, Issue:2

    Topics: Dopamine; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Kynurenine; Mental Disorders; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotoxins;

2014
Indoleamine 2,3 Dioxygenase as a Potential Therapeutic Target in Huntington's Disease.
    Journal of Huntington's disease, 2015, Volume: 4, Issue:2

    Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Humans; Huntington Disease; Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase; Kynure

2015
Excitotoxic Mechanisms in Non-Motor Dysfunctions and Levodopa- Induced Dyskinesia in Parkinson's Disease: The Role of the Interaction Between the Dopaminergic and the Kynurenine System.
    Current medicinal chemistry, 2016, Volume: 23, Issue:9

    Topics: Animals; Antiparkinson Agents; Dopamine Agents; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced; Humans; Kynurenine; Levodo

2016
Involvement of the kynurenine pathway in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease.
    Progress in neurobiology, 2017, Volume: 155

    Topics: Animals; Humans; Kynurenine; Parkinson Disease

2017
The role of kynurenines in disorders of the central nervous system: possibilities for neuroprotection.
    Journal of the neurological sciences, 2009, Aug-15, Volume: 283, Issue:1-2

    Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Brain; Brain Diseases; Brain Ischemia; Epilepsy; Humans; Huntington Dise

2009
Medical treatment of Parkinson's disease: today and the future.
    International journal of clinical pharmacology and therapeutics, 2010, Volume: 48, Issue:10

    Topics: Dopamine Agonists; Humans; Kynurenine; Levodopa; Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors; Parkinson Disease

2010
Altered tryptophan metabolism in Parkinson's disease: a possible novel therapeutic approach.
    Journal of the neurological sciences, 2011, Nov-15, Volume: 310, Issue:1-2

    Topics: Antiparkinson Agents; Humans; Kynurenine; Levodopa; Parkinson Disease; Tryptophan

2011
Kynurenines in Parkinson's disease: therapeutic perspectives.
    Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996), 2012, Volume: 119, Issue:2

    Topics: Animals; Humans; Kynurenine; Neuroprotective Agents; Parkinson Disease

2012
The kynurenine pathway in neurodegenerative diseases: mechanistic and therapeutic considerations.
    Journal of the neurological sciences, 2012, Dec-15, Volume: 323, Issue:1-2

    Topics: Aging; Alzheimer Disease; Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Animals; Enzyme Inhibitors; Humans; Hunting

2012
Kynurenines, Parkinson's disease and other neurodegenerative disorders: preclinical and clinical studies.
    Journal of neural transmission. Supplementum, 2006, Issue:70

    Topics: Animals; Humans; Kynurenine; Neurodegenerative Diseases; Parkinson Disease; Quinolinic Acid; Recepto

2006
Kynurenic acid antagonists and kynurenine pathway inhibitors.
    Expert opinion on investigational drugs, 2001, Volume: 10, Issue:4

    Topics: Brain Ischemia; Epilepsy; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Neu

2001

Trials

1 trial available for kynurenine and Parkinson Disease

ArticleYear
Development of a scleroderma-like illness during therapy with L-5-hydroxytryptophan and carbidopa.
    The New England journal of medicine, 1980, Oct-02, Volume: 303, Issue:14

    Topics: 5-Hydroxytryptophan; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Carbidopa; Clinical Trials as Topic; Drug Therapy, Com

1980

Other Studies

22 other studies available for kynurenine and Parkinson Disease

ArticleYear
Tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase, a novel therapeutic target for Parkinson's disease.
    Expert opinion on therapeutic targets, 2021, Volume: 25, Issue:10

    Topics: Humans; Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase; Kynurenine; Parkinson Disease; Tryptophan; Tryptophan

2021
Imaging of cerebral tryptophan metabolism using 7-[
    NeuroImage, 2022, 02-15, Volume: 247

    Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Fluorine Radioisotopes; Hippocampus; Kynurenine; Male; Melatonin; O

2022
Genotypic-Phenotypic Analysis, Metabolic Profiling and Clinical Correlations in Parkinson's Disease Patients from Tamil Nadu Population, India.
    Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN, 2022, Volume: 72, Issue:8

    Topics: alpha-Synuclein; Dopaminergic Neurons; Humans; India; Kynurenine; Mutation; Parkinson Disease

2022
The Involvement of Kynurenine Pathway in Neurodegenerative Diseases.
    Current neuropharmacology, 2023, Volume: 21, Issue:2

    Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Cross-Sectional Studies; Humans; Kynurenine; Neurodegenerative Diseases; Parkinso

2023
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms of Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase 1 Influenced the Age Onset of Parkinson's Disease.
    Frontiers in bioscience (Landmark edition), 2022, 09-27, Volume: 27, Issue:9

    Topics: Biomarkers; Humans; Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase; Kynurenine; Parkinson Disease; Polymorphis

2022
Kynurenine and Beta-Alanine Serum Levels are Associated with the Expression of Wnt Pathway Genes in Patients with Parkinson's Disease.
    Clinical laboratory, 2023, Nov-01, Volume: 69, Issue:11

    Topics: Biomarkers; Humans; Kynurenine; Neurodegenerative Diseases; Parkinson Disease; Wnt Signaling Pathway

2023
Impaired metabolism of kynurenine and its metabolites in CSF of parkinson's disease.
    Neuroscience letters, 2020, 01-01, Volume: 714

    Topics: Aged; Case-Control Studies; Cytokines; Female; Humans; Inflammation; Interferon-gamma; Interleukin-1

2020
Urinary kynurenine as a biomarker for Parkinson's disease.
    Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology, 2021, Volume: 42, Issue:2

    Topics: Biomarkers; Cognitive Dysfunction; Humans; Kynurenine; Parkinson Disease; Triglycerides

2021
Tryptophan Metabolites Are Associated With Symptoms and Nigral Pathology in Parkinson's Disease.
    Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society, 2020, Volume: 35, Issue:11

    Topics: Biomarkers; Humans; Kynurenine; Parkinson Disease; Substantia Nigra; Tryptophan

2020
Changes in kynurenine pathway metabolism in Parkinson patients with L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia.
    Journal of neurochemistry, 2017, Volume: 142, Issue:5

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Antiparkinson Agents; Biomarkers; Denmark; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced; Female; Humans; Ky

2017
Proposed biochemistry of Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases.
    Medical hypotheses, 2017, Volume: 109

    Topics: Aldehydes; Alzheimer Disease; Aspartic Acid; Betaine; Brain; Disease Progression; Humans; Kynurenine

2017
Alternations of Metabolic Profile and Kynurenine Metabolism in the Plasma of Parkinson's Disease.
    Molecular neurobiology, 2018, Volume: 55, Issue:8

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Cohort Studies; Female; Humans; Kynurenine; Male; Metabolome; Metabolomics; Middle Aged

2018
Age- and disease-specific changes of the kynurenine pathway in Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease.
    Journal of neurochemistry, 2019, Volume: 151, Issue:5

    Topics: Aged; Aging; Alzheimer Disease; Female; Humans; Kynurenine; Male; Middle Aged; Parkinson Disease

2019
3-hydroxykynurenine and other Parkinson's disease biomarkers discovered by metabolomic analysis.
    Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society, 2013, Volume: 28, Issue:12

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Biomarkers; Female; Glutathione; Humans; Kynurenine; Male; Mass Spec

2013
Metabolomics and the search for biomarkers in Parkinson's disease.
    Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society, 2013, Volume: 28, Issue:12

    Topics: Female; Humans; Kynurenine; Male; Oxidative Stress; Parkinson Disease

2013
LC-MS-based urinary metabolite signatures in idiopathic Parkinson's disease.
    Journal of proteome research, 2015, Jan-02, Volume: 14, Issue:1

    Topics: alpha-Synuclein; Animals; Biomarkers; Chromatography, Liquid; Drosophila melanogaster; Fatty Acids;

2015
Kynurenine metabolism in plasma and in red blood cells in Parkinson's disease.
    Journal of the neurological sciences, 2005, Dec-15, Volume: 239, Issue:1

    Topics: Adaptation, Physiological; Aged; Brain; Erythrocytes; Female; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Ma

2005
Alterations in the concentration of serotonergic and dopaminergic substances in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with Parkinson's disease, and their changes after L-dopa administration.
    Neuroscience letters, 1993, Sep-03, Volume: 159, Issue:1-2

    Topics: Aged; Dopamine; Humans; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Kynurenine; Levodopa; Middle Aged; Parkinson Disea

1993
Concentrations of serotonin and its related substances in the cerebrospinal fluid of parkinsonian patients and their relations to the severity of symptoms.
    Neuroscience letters, 1993, Feb-05, Volume: 150, Issue:1

    Topics: 5-Hydroxytryptophan; Humans; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Kynurenine; Middle Aged; Parkinson Disease; R

1993
Increased neopterin production and tryptophan degradation in advanced Parkinson's disease.
    Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996), 2002, Volume: 109, Issue:2

    Topics: Aged; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Female; Humans; Immunity, Cellular; Kynurenine; Male; Ne

2002
Kynurenic acid concentrations are reduced in Huntington's disease cerebral cortex.
    Journal of the neurological sciences, 1992, Volume: 108, Issue:1

    Topics: Aged; Alzheimer Disease; Cerebral Cortex; Energy Metabolism; Free Radicals; Humans; Huntington Disea

1992
Kynurenine pathway abnormalities in Parkinson's disease.
    Neurology, 1992, Volume: 42, Issue:9

    Topics: Aged; Autopsy; Brain; Female; Humans; Kynurenine; Male; Parkinson Disease; Tryptophan; Tyrosine

1992