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kynurenine and Cataract

kynurenine has been researched along with Cataract in 37 studies

Kynurenine: A metabolite of the essential amino acid tryptophan metabolized via the tryptophan-kynurenine pathway.
kynurenine : A ketone that is alanine in which one of the methyl hydrogens is substituted by a 2-aminobenzoyl group.

Cataract: Partial or complete opacity on or in the lens or capsule of one or both eyes, impairing vision or causing blindness. The many kinds of cataract are classified by their morphology (size, shape, location) or etiology (cause and time of occurrence). (Dorland, 27th ed)

Research Excerpts

ExcerptRelevanceReference
"Proteins isolated from the nuclei of normal lenses and lenses with and types I to IV nuclear cataract were hydrolyzed in 6 M HCl, and the levels of kynurenine-lysine and kynurenine-histidine were determined by HPLC."7.72Protein-bound kynurenine decreases with the progression of age-related nuclear cataract. ( Parker, NR; Sheil, M; Truscott, RJ; Vazquez, S, 2004)
"We compared the concentrations of protein-unbound non-tryptophan fluorescent substances in the water-soluble fraction between non-brunescent (NBr) and brunescent (Br) human cataractous lens nuclei."7.69[Comparison of free non-tryptophan fluorescent substances in water-soluble fraction of brunescent and non-brunescent human cataract]. ( Fukuda, R; Iwase, T; Matsukawa, S; Shirao, E; Shirao, Y, 1996)
"In 43 patients with presenile cataracts an oral tryptophan loading test with 5 g L-tryptophan was performed and the 24-hour urinary excretion of kynurenine and xanthurenic acid was determined."7.68Tryptophan metabolic studies in patients with presenile cataracts. ( Franke, G; Grimm, U; Knapp, A; Mellenthin, R; Seidlitz, G, 1990)
"In order to clarify the role of tryptophan in the patogenesis of senile cataract, we have studied the serum total and free levels of tryptophan in cataract patients as compared with age and sex-matched controls, and the urinary excretion of 10 metabolites after oral load of the amino acid."7.66Metabolism and serum levels of tryptophan in senile cataract patients. ( Allegri, G; Angi, MR; Costa, C; De Carli, M; Vanzan, S, 1982)
"The kynurenine content was threefold higher in homTg than in hemTg but was not detected in wild-type (Wt) lenses."5.35Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase overexpression causes kynurenine-modification of proteins, fiber cell apoptosis and cataract formation in the mouse lens. ( Butler, H; Caprara, MH; Doller, C; Howell, S; Mailankot, M; Nagaraj, RH; Reneker, LW; Staniszewska, MM; Wang, B, 2009)
"Age-related nuclear cataract is associated with coloration and insolubilization of lens proteins and extensive oxidation of cysteine and methionine residues."5.333-Hydroxykynurenine oxidizes alpha-crystallin: potential role in cataractogenesis. ( Aquilina, JA; Hains, PG; Korlimbinis, A; Truscott, RJ, 2006)
"ARN cataract is also characterized by extensive oxidation, insolubilization, and cross-linking of polypeptides, particularly in the nucleus of the lens."5.33Identification of 3-hydroxykynurenine bound to proteins in the human lens. A possible role in age-related nuclear cataract. ( Korlimbinis, A; Truscott, RJ, 2006)
"3-Hydroxykynurenine was detected at concentrations of 0."5.29Deamination of 3-hydroxykynurenine in bovine lenses: a possible mechanism of cataract formation in general. ( Malina, HZ; Martin, XD, 1995)
"1."5.29Relationship between serum tryptophan and tryptophan metabolite levels after tryptophan ingestion in normal subjects and age-related cataract patients. ( Elderfield, AJ; Truscott, RJ, 1995)
"In human cataract lenses the UV filters, 3-hydroxykynurenine glucoside (3OHKG) and kynurenine (Kyn) were found to be covalently bound to proteins and the levels in the nucleus were much higher than in the cortex."3.74Protein-bound and free UV filters in cataract lenses. The concentration of UV filters is much lower than in normal lenses. ( Aquilina, JA; Korlimbinis, A; Truscott, RJ, 2007)
"Proteins isolated from the nuclei of normal lenses and lenses with and types I to IV nuclear cataract were hydrolyzed in 6 M HCl, and the levels of kynurenine-lysine and kynurenine-histidine were determined by HPLC."3.72Protein-bound kynurenine decreases with the progression of age-related nuclear cataract. ( Parker, NR; Sheil, M; Truscott, RJ; Vazquez, S, 2004)
"The levels of the two major primate UV filters, 3-hydroxykynurenine glucoside (3OHKG) and 4-(2-amino-3-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxobutanoic acid glucoside (AHBG), in cataract lenses were markedly decreased compared with levels in normal lenses."3.72Lenticular levels of amino acids and free UV filters differ significantly between normals and cataract patients. ( Jamie, JF; Streete, IM; Truscott, RJ, 2004)
"3-Hydroxykynurenine (3OHKyn), the precursor of UV filters in human lens, is highly autooxidizable, generates H2O2, and binds to lens proteins, yielding a tanned/yellow product resembling senile nuclear cataractous materials."3.70Regulation of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase, the first enzyme in UV filter biosynthesis in the human lens. Relevance for senile nuclear cataract. ( Jamie, JF; Littlejohn, T; Takikawa, O; Truscott, RJ; Walker, MJ, 1999)
"The kynurenine pathway catabolite 3-hydroxykynurenine (3HK) and redox-active metals such as copper and iron are implicated in cataractogenesis."3.703-Hydroxykynurenine and 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid generate hydrogen peroxide and promote alpha-crystallin cross-linking by metal ion reduction. ( Atwood, CS; Bowden, EF; Bush, AI; Chylack, LT; Faget, KY; Goldstein, LE; Hartshorn, M; Huang, X; Leopold, MC; Lim, JT; Muffat, JA; Saunders, AJ; Scarpa, RC; Tanzi, RE, 2000)
"We compared the concentrations of protein-unbound non-tryptophan fluorescent substances in the water-soluble fraction between non-brunescent (NBr) and brunescent (Br) human cataractous lens nuclei."3.69[Comparison of free non-tryptophan fluorescent substances in water-soluble fraction of brunescent and non-brunescent human cataract]. ( Fukuda, R; Iwase, T; Matsukawa, S; Shirao, E; Shirao, Y, 1996)
"In 43 patients with presenile cataracts an oral tryptophan loading test with 5 g L-tryptophan was performed and the 24-hour urinary excretion of kynurenine and xanthurenic acid was determined."3.68Tryptophan metabolic studies in patients with presenile cataracts. ( Franke, G; Grimm, U; Knapp, A; Mellenthin, R; Seidlitz, G, 1990)
"In order to clarify the role of tryptophan in the patogenesis of senile cataract, we have studied the serum total and free levels of tryptophan in cataract patients as compared with age and sex-matched controls, and the urinary excretion of 10 metabolites after oral load of the amino acid."3.66Metabolism and serum levels of tryptophan in senile cataract patients. ( Allegri, G; Angi, MR; Costa, C; De Carli, M; Vanzan, S, 1982)
"Age-onset cataracts are believed to be expedited by the accumulation of UV-damaged human γD-crystallins in the eye lens."1.39UV-radiation induced disruption of dry-cavities in human γD-crystallin results in decreased stability and faster unfolding. ( Huynh, T; King, JA; Xia, Z; Yang, Z; Zhou, R, 2013)
"The kynurenine content was threefold higher in homTg than in hemTg but was not detected in wild-type (Wt) lenses."1.35Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase overexpression causes kynurenine-modification of proteins, fiber cell apoptosis and cataract formation in the mouse lens. ( Butler, H; Caprara, MH; Doller, C; Howell, S; Mailankot, M; Nagaraj, RH; Reneker, LW; Staniszewska, MM; Wang, B, 2009)
"Age-related nuclear cataract is associated with coloration and insolubilization of lens proteins and extensive oxidation of cysteine and methionine residues."1.333-Hydroxykynurenine oxidizes alpha-crystallin: potential role in cataractogenesis. ( Aquilina, JA; Hains, PG; Korlimbinis, A; Truscott, RJ, 2006)
"ARN cataract is also characterized by extensive oxidation, insolubilization, and cross-linking of polypeptides, particularly in the nucleus of the lens."1.33Identification of 3-hydroxykynurenine bound to proteins in the human lens. A possible role in age-related nuclear cataract. ( Korlimbinis, A; Truscott, RJ, 2006)
"L-kynurenine was also formed from the reaction of nitrite with free tryptophan."1.31The Nitrite/alpha crystallin reaction: a possible mechanism in lens matrix damage. ( Dillon, J; Paik, DC, 2000)
"3-Hydroxykynurenine was detected at concentrations of 0."1.29Deamination of 3-hydroxykynurenine in bovine lenses: a possible mechanism of cataract formation in general. ( Malina, HZ; Martin, XD, 1995)
"1."1.29Relationship between serum tryptophan and tryptophan metabolite levels after tryptophan ingestion in normal subjects and age-related cataract patients. ( Elderfield, AJ; Truscott, RJ, 1995)

Research

Studies (37)

TimeframeStudies, this research(%)All Research%
pre-19909 (24.32)18.7374
1990's11 (29.73)18.2507
2000's12 (32.43)29.6817
2010's5 (13.51)24.3611
2020's0 (0.00)2.80

Authors

AuthorsStudies
Ehrenshaft, M1
Roberts, JE1
Mason, RP1
Xia, Z2
Yang, Z2
Huynh, T2
King, JA2
Zhou, R2
Linetsky, M1
Raghavan, CT1
Johar, K1
Fan, X1
Monnier, VM1
Vasavada, AR1
Nagaraj, RH2
Mailankot, M1
Staniszewska, MM1
Butler, H1
Caprara, MH1
Howell, S1
Wang, B1
Doller, C1
Reneker, LW1
Varma, SD1
Hegde, KR1
Vazquez, S1
Parker, NR1
Sheil, M1
Truscott, RJ9
Laganovska, G1
Martinsons, A1
Pitrans, B1
Widner, B1
Fuchs, D1
Streete, IM1
Jamie, JF2
Korlimbinis, A3
Hains, PG1
Aquilina, JA2
Raju, TN1
Kanth, VR1
Reddy, PU1
Snytnikova, OA1
Fursova, AZh1
Chernyak, EI1
Vasiliev, VG1
Morozov, SV1
Kolosova, NG1
Tsentalovich, YP1
Dillon, J3
Garcia Castineiras, S1
Santiago, MA1
Spector, A1
Costa, C2
Angi, MR2
De Carli, M1
Vanzan, S2
Allegri, G2
Yamamoto, K1
Nishikiori, T1
Kurimoto, Y1
Malina, HZ2
Martin, XD2
Elderfield, AJ2
Iwase, T1
Shirao, E2
Shirao, Y1
Matsukawa, S1
Fukuda, R1
Dhir, P1
Akhtar, NJ1
Sun, TX1
Liang, JJ1
Chiarugi, A1
Rapizzi, E1
Moroni, F2
Paik, DC1
Garner, B1
Shaw, DC1
Lindner, RA1
Carver, JA1
Takikawa, O1
Littlejohn, T1
Walker, MJ1
Goldstein, LE1
Leopold, MC1
Huang, X1
Atwood, CS1
Saunders, AJ1
Hartshorn, M1
Lim, JT1
Faget, KY1
Muffat, JA1
Scarpa, RC1
Chylack, LT1
Bowden, EF1
Tanzi, RE1
Bush, AI1
Elderfield, A1
Truscott, R1
Grimm, U1
Knapp, A1
Seidlitz, G1
Franke, G1
Mellenthin, R1
Tomoda, A1
Yoneyama, Y1
Yamaguchi, T1
Kawasaki, K1
Van Heyningen, R1
Kurzel, RB1
Wolbarsht, ML1
Yamanashi, BS1
Binazzi, M1
Calandra, P1
Pirie, A1

Other Studies

37 other studies available for kynurenine and Cataract

ArticleYear
Hypericin-mediated photooxidative damage of α-crystallin in human lens epithelial cells.
    Free radical biology & medicine, 2013, Volume: 60

    Topics: alpha-Crystallins; Animals; Anthracenes; Cataract; Cattle; Cell Line; Epithelial Cells; Humans; Kynu

2013
UV-radiation induced disruption of dry-cavities in human γD-crystallin results in decreased stability and faster unfolding.
    Scientific reports, 2013, Volume: 3

    Topics: Cataract; gamma-Crystallins; Humans; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; Kynurenine; Molecular

2013
Dissecting the contributions of β-hairpin tyrosine pairs to the folding and stability of long-lived human γD-crystallins.
    Nanoscale, 2014, Volume: 6, Issue:3

    Topics: Alanine; Cataract; Cations; gamma-Crystallins; Humans; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; Kyn

2014
UVA light-excited kynurenines oxidize ascorbate and modify lens proteins through the formation of advanced glycation end products: implications for human lens aging and cataract formation.
    The Journal of biological chemistry, 2014, Jun-13, Volume: 289, Issue:24

    Topics: Animals; Ascorbic Acid; Cataract; Crystallins; Glycation End Products, Advanced; Humans; Indoleamine

2014
Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase overexpression causes kynurenine-modification of proteins, fiber cell apoptosis and cataract formation in the mouse lens.
    Laboratory investigation; a journal of technical methods and pathology, 2009, Volume: 89, Issue:5

    Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Cataract; Glutathione; Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase; Kynurenine; Lens, C

2009
Kynurenine-induced photo oxidative damage to lens in vitro: protective effect of caffeine.
    Molecular and cellular biochemistry, 2010, Volume: 340, Issue:1-2

    Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Antioxidants; Biological Transport; Caffeine; Cataract; Electron Sp

2010
Protein-bound kynurenine decreases with the progression of age-related nuclear cataract.
    Investigative ophthalmology & visual science, 2004, Volume: 45, Issue:3

    Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Aging; Cataract; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Crystallins; Disease

2004
Kynurenine and neopterin in the aqueous humor of the anterior chamber of the eye and in serum of cataract patients.
    Advances in experimental medicine and biology, 2003, Volume: 527

    Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Aqueous Humor; Cataract; Exfoliation Syndrome; Humans; Kynurenine; Neopteri

2003
Lenticular levels of amino acids and free UV filters differ significantly between normals and cataract patients.
    Investigative ophthalmology & visual science, 2004, Volume: 45, Issue:11

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Cataract; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Glucosides; Humans;

2004
3-Hydroxykynurenine oxidizes alpha-crystallin: potential role in cataractogenesis.
    Biochemistry, 2006, Feb-14, Volume: 45, Issue:6

    Topics: alpha-Crystallins; Animals; Catalysis; Cataract; Cattle; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Cyste

2006
Identification of 3-hydroxykynurenine bound to proteins in the human lens. A possible role in age-related nuclear cataract.
    Biochemistry, 2006, Feb-14, Volume: 45, Issue:6

    Topics: Aging; Animals; Butterflies; Cataract; Humans; Kynurenine; Lens, Crystalline; Moths; Oxidation-Reduc

2006
Protein-bound and free UV filters in cataract lenses. The concentration of UV filters is much lower than in normal lenses.
    Experimental eye research, 2007, Volume: 85, Issue:2

    Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Cataract; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Eye Proteins; Glucosides; H

2007
Influence of kynurenines in pathogenesis of cataract formation in tryptophan-deficient regimen in Wistar rats.
    Indian journal of experimental biology, 2007, Volume: 45, Issue:6

    Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Cataract; Diet; Kynurenine; Lens, Crystalline; Microscopy, Fluorescence; Oxid

2007
Deaminated UV filter 3-hydroxykynurenine O-beta-D-glucoside is found in cataractous human lenses.
    Experimental eye research, 2008, Volume: 86, Issue:6

    Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Cataract; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Deamination; Glucosides; Gl

2008
The endopeptidase-resistant protein fraction from human cataractous lenses.
    Experimental eye research, 1984, Volume: 39, Issue:1

    Topics: Amino Acids; Cataract; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; Chromatography, Gel; Chromatography, High Pres

1984
Photolytic changes in lens proteins.
    Current eye research, 1984, Volume: 3, Issue:1

    Topics: Adolescent; Aged; Aging; Animals; Cataract; Cattle; Crystallins; Glucosides; Humans; In Vitro Techni

1984
Metabolism and serum levels of tryptophan in senile cataract patients.
    Bollettino della Societa italiana di biologia sperimentale, 1982, Mar-30, Volume: 58, Issue:6

    Topics: Age Factors; Aged; Cataract; Female; Humans; Kynurenine; Male; Middle Aged; Sex Factors; Tryptophan

1982
Tryptophan lens levels in senile cataract.
    Bollettino della Societa italiana di biologia sperimentale, 1982, Mar-30, Volume: 58, Issue:6

    Topics: Aged; Cataract; Female; Humans; Kynurenine; Lens, Crystalline; Male; Middle Aged; Oxidation-Reductio

1982
[Brown cataract and kynurenine (author's transl)].
    Nippon Ganka Gakkai zasshi, 1981, Aug-10, Volume: 85, Issue:8

    Topics: Aged; Cataract; Crystallins; Humans; Kynurenine

1981
Deamination of 3-hydroxykynurenine in bovine lenses: a possible mechanism of cataract formation in general.
    Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie, 1995, Volume: 233, Issue:1

    Topics: Animals; Cataract; Cattle; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Chromatography, Thin Layer; Ciliary

1995
Relationship between serum tryptophan and tryptophan metabolite levels after tryptophan ingestion in normal subjects and age-related cataract patients.
    Clinical science (London, England : 1979), 1995, Volume: 89, Issue:6

    Topics: Age Factors; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Case-Control Studies; Cataract; Fasting; Female; Humans; Kynur

1995
[Comparison of free non-tryptophan fluorescent substances in water-soluble fraction of brunescent and non-brunescent human cataract].
    Nippon Ganka Gakkai zasshi, 1996, Volume: 100, Issue:5

    Topics: Cataract; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Fluorescence; Glucosides; Humans; Kynurenine; Lens,

1996
Is an altered tryptophan metabolism responsible for age-related cataract?
    Advances in experimental medicine and biology, 1996, Volume: 398

    Topics: 3-Hydroxyanthranilic Acid; Aged; Cataract; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Female; Humans; Kyn

1996
Xanthurenic acid derivative formation in the lens is responsible for senile cataract in humans.
    Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie, 1996, Volume: 234, Issue:12

    Topics: Adult; Aging; Cataract; Chromatography, Thin Layer; Crystallins; Deamination; Electrophoresis, Polya

1996
Photooxidized products of recombinant alpha A-crystallin and W9F mutant.
    Photochemistry and photobiology, 1999, Volume: 69, Issue:3

    Topics: Cataract; Crystallins; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Kynurenine; Mutation; Oxidation-Reduction; Photo

1999
The kynurenine metabolic pathway in the eye: studies on 3-hydroxykynurenine, a putative cataractogenic compound.
    FEBS letters, 1999, Jun-18, Volume: 453, Issue:1-2

    Topics: Alanine; Animals; Cataract; Ciliary Body; Eye; Hydrolases; Iris; Kynurenine; Kynurenine 3-Monooxygen

1999
The Nitrite/alpha crystallin reaction: a possible mechanism in lens matrix damage.
    Experimental eye research, 2000, Volume: 70, Issue:1

    Topics: Aging; Animals; Cataract; Cattle; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Crystallins; Electrophoresis

2000
Non-oxidative modification of lens crystallins by kynurenine: a novel post-translational protein modification with possible relevance to ageing and cataract.
    Biochimica et biophysica acta, 2000, Feb-09, Volume: 1476, Issue:2

    Topics: Aging; Animals; Cataract; Cattle; Crystallins; Kynurenine; Lens, Crystalline; Oxidation-Reduction; P

2000
Regulation of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase, the first enzyme in UV filter biosynthesis in the human lens. Relevance for senile nuclear cataract.
    Advances in experimental medicine and biology, 1999, Volume: 467

    Topics: Aged; Cataract; Cell Line; Humans; Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase; Interferon-gamma; Kynurenin

1999
3-Hydroxykynurenine and 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid generate hydrogen peroxide and promote alpha-crystallin cross-linking by metal ion reduction.
    Biochemistry, 2000, Jun-20, Volume: 39, Issue:24

    Topics: 3-Hydroxyanthranilic Acid; Animals; Ascorbic Acid; Cataract; Cattle; Copper; Crystallins; Electroche

2000
Tryptophan metabolism in senile cataract patients assessed by high-performance liquid chromatography.
    Advances in experimental medicine and biology, 1991, Volume: 294

    Topics: Aging; Cataract; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Tryptopha

1991
Tryptophan metabolic studies in patients with presenile cataracts.
    Biomedica biochimica acta, 1990, Volume: 49, Issue:7

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Cataract; Female; Humans; Kynurenine; Male; Pyridoxine; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates

1990
Mechanism of coloration of human lenses induced by near-ultraviolet-photo-oxidized 3-hydroxykynurenine.
    Ophthalmic research, 1990, Volume: 22, Issue:3

    Topics: Amino Acids; Cataract; Color; Crystallins; Humans; Kynurenine; Lens Nucleus, Crystalline; Lens, Crys

1990
Assay of fluorescent glucosides in the human lens.
    Experimental eye research, 1973, Jan-01, Volume: 15, Issue:1

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Cataract; Child; Child, Preschool; Chromatography, Gel; Electr

1973
Spectral studies on normal and cataractous intact human lenses.
    Experimental eye research, 1973, Oct-10, Volume: 17, Issue:1

    Topics: Cataract; Crystallins; Humans; Kynurenine; Lens, Crystalline; Pigmentation; Spectrum Analysis; Trypt

1973
Identification of an error in the tryptophan--niacin pathway in carriers of some dermatoses conditioned or aggravated by sunlight.
    Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Dermatologie, 1971, Volume: 239, Issue:4

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Animals; Atrophy; Cataract; Female; Gastric Juice; Humans; Hydrolases; Kynurenine; Ligh

1971
Formation of N'-formylkynurenine in proteins from lens and other sources by exposure to sunlight.
    The Biochemical journal, 1971, Volume: 125, Issue:1

    Topics: Animals; Cataract; Cattle; Chromatography; Crystallins; Electrophoresis; Fluorescence; Humans; In Vi

1971