ku-55933 and Stomach-Neoplasms

To study the effects of Jaridonin, a novel diterpenoid from isodon rubescens, on the cell cycle of human gastric cancer cells and its molecular mechanism of action.. Flow cytometry was used to analyze the cell cycle distribution and expression of ataxia telangiectasia mutated kinase (ATM) after Jaridonin treatment. Western blot was performed to detect the expression of cell cycle-related proteins.. The results of flow cytometry showed that the percentages of MGC-803 cells in G(2)/M phase at 6 hours after 0, 10, 20 μmol/L Jaridonin-treatment were (10.8±2.2)%, (18.2±2.5)%, (27.3±3.2)%, respectively; those at 12 hours after Jaridonin-treatment were (12.0±1.5)%, (24.1±2.0)% and (39.7±5.2)%, respectively, indicating a G2/M phase arrest of MGC-803 cells was resulted in a time- and dose-dependent manner. The expressions of ATM, Chk1, Chk2, phosphorylated Cdc2 and CDK2 were up-regulated in the MGC-803 cells after Jaridonin treatment, while the levels of Cdc2 and CDK2 were decreased. KU-55933, an inhibitor of ATM, reversed the expression of relevant proteins and G(2)/M phase arrest induced by Jaridonin.. Jaridonin can significantly induce G(2)/M arrest in gastric cancer MGC-803 cells. Its mechanism may be related to the activation of ATM and Chk1/2, and inactivation of Cdc2 and CDK2 phosphorylation.

Topics: Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; Ataxia Telangiectasia; Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins; Cell Cycle; Cell Cycle Checkpoints; Cell Cycle Proteins; Cell Line, Tumor; Diterpenes, Kaurane; Humans; Isodon; Morpholines; Neoplasm Proteins; Phosphorylation; Pyrones; Stomach Neoplasms

Small-molecule inhibitors of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) have shown considerable promise in the treatment of homologous recombination (HR)-defective tumors, such as BRCA1- and BRCA2-deficient breast and ovarian cancers. We previously reported that mantle cell lymphoma cells with deficiency in ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) are sensitive to PARP-1 inhibitors in vitro and in vivo. Here, we report that PARP inhibitors can potentially target ATM deficiency arising in a solid malignancy. We show that ATM protein expression varies between gastric cancer cell lines, with NUGC4 having significantly reduced protein levels. Significant correlation was found between ATM protein expression and sensitivity to the PARP inhibitor olaparib, with NUGC4 being the most sensitive. Moreover, reducing ATM kinase activity using a small-molecule inhibitor (KU55933) or shRNA-mediated depletion of ATM protein enhanced olaparib sensitivity in gastric cancer cell lines with depletion or inactivation of p53. Our results demonstrate that ATM is a potential predictive biomarker for PARP-1 inhibitor activity in gastric cancer harboring disruption of p53, and that combined inhibition of ATM and PARP-1 is a rational strategy for expanding the utility of PARP-1 inhibitors to gastric cancer with p53 disruption.

Topics: Antineoplastic Agents; Apoptosis; Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins; Cell Line, Tumor; DNA Damage; Humans; Morpholines; Phthalazines; Piperazines; Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors; Pyrones; Stomach Neoplasms; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53