Page last updated: 2024-10-29

ketamine and Psychomotor Agitation

ketamine has been researched along with Psychomotor Agitation in 73 studies

Ketamine: A cyclohexanone derivative used for induction of anesthesia. Its mechanism of action is not well understood, but ketamine can block NMDA receptors (RECEPTORS, N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE) and may interact with sigma receptors.
ketamine : A member of the class of cyclohexanones in which one of the hydrogens at position 2 is substituted by a 2-chlorophenyl group, while the other is substituted by a methylamino group.

Psychomotor Agitation: A feeling of restlessness associated with increased motor activity. This may occur as a manifestation of nervous system drug toxicity or other conditions.

Research Excerpts

ExcerptRelevanceReference
"Dexmedetomidine and ketamine appear to prevent postoperative agitation and pain after sevoflurane anesthesia for pediatric strabismus surgery."9.17Comparison of the effects of dexmedetomidine, ketamine, and placebo on emergence agitation after strabismus surgery in children. ( Chen, JY; Jia, JE; Li, WX; Liu, TJ; Qin, MJ, 2013)
"We investigated the effect of ketamine on reducing postoperative agitation after sevoflurane anesthesia in children undergoing elective strabismus surgery."9.10[The effect of ketamine on reducing postoperative agitation after sevoflurane anesthesia in pediatric strabismus surgery]. ( Fukumitsu, K; Hirao, O; Kawaraguchi, Y; Kinouchi, K; Kitamura, S; Miyamoto, Y; Taniguchi, A, 2002)
"Ketamine is widely used in emergency departments (EDs) to facilitate painful procedures; however, existing descriptors of predictors of emesis and recovery agitation are derived from relatively small studies."8.85Predictors of emesis and recovery agitation with emergency department ketamine sedation: an individual-patient data meta-analysis of 8,282 children. ( Agrawal, D; Brown, L; Garcia Pena, BM; Gerber, AC; Green, SM; Hostetler, MA; Krauss, B; Losek, JD; McGlone, RG; McKee, M; Pitetti, RD; Roback, MG; Treston, G; Wathen, JE; Weiss, M, 2009)
"The present study attempted to elucidate whether intravesical instillation of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) could decrease bladder inflammation and ameliorate bladder hyperactivity in ketamine ulcerative cystitis (KIC) rat model."8.12Therapeutic Effect of Platelet-Rich Plasma Improves Bladder Overactivity in the Pathogenesis of Ketamine-Induced Ulcerative Cystitis in a Rat Model. ( Chuang, SM; Chueh, KS; Huang, KH; Juan, TJ; Juan, YS; Lee, YC; Lin, RJ; Long, CY; Lu, JH; Shen, MC; Sun, TW, 2022)
"To determine the effectiveness of intravenous (IV) ketamine on anxiety, irritability, agitation, and suicidality, in adults with treatment-resistant major depressive disorder (MDD) or bipolar disorder (BD)."7.96The effectiveness of ketamine on anxiety, irritability, and agitation: Implications for treating mixed features in adults with major depressive or bipolar disorder. ( Cha, DS; Fagiolini, A; Gill, H; Ho, R; Kratiuk, K; Lee, Y; Lin, K; Lipsitz, O; Malhi, GS; Mansur, RB; McIntyre, RS; Nasri, F; Rodrigues, NB; Rosenblat, JD; Subramaniapillai, M; Suppes, T; Vinberg, M, 2020)
"We report a case series on the observed effects of low-dose ketamine infusions in 4 critically ill patients with varying complications related to prolonged critical illness."7.83Low-Dose Ketamine in Chronic Critical Illness. ( Darrah, D; Moitra, A; Moitra, VK; Patel, MK; Wunsch, H, 2016)
"Ketamine has a role for agitation management in the prehospital setting; however, emergency personnel education and ketamine protocols should be utilized to aid in safe and effective pharmacotherapy and provide guidance on the management of adverse events."6.58Ketamine for the Acute Management of Excited Delirium and Agitation in the Prehospital Setting. ( Linder, LM; Ross, CA; Weant, KA, 2018)
"Ketamine is a noncompetitive N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor antagonist, making it an effective dissociative agent."5.46A Novel Agent for Management of Agitated Delirium: A Case Series of Ketamine Utilization in the Pediatric Emergency Department. ( Kopec, KT; Kowalski, JM; Lavelle, J; Osterhoudt, K, 2017)
"We conducted a randomized clinical trial comparing the rapidity of onset, level of sedation, and adverse effect profile of ketamine compared to a combination of midazolam and haloperidol for behavioral control of emergency department patients with severe psychomotor agitation."5.41Rapid Agitation Control With Ketamine in the Emergency Department: A Blinded, Randomized Controlled Trial. ( Andolfatto, G; Barbic, D; Barbic, SP; Grunau, B; Honer, WG; Macewan, B; Qian, H; Scheuermeyer, FX; Wong, H, 2021)
"We present a novel study to determine whether ketamine is a rapid and safe option, compared to a combination of midazolam and haloperidol for the sedation of patients presenting to the ED with psychomotor agitation and violent behavior."5.27Rapid agitation control with ketamine in the emergency department (RACKED): a randomized controlled trial protocol. ( Andolfatto, G; Barbic, D; Barbic, SP; Grunau, B; Honer, WG; MacEwan, W; Scheuermeyer, FX; Wong, H, 2018)
"Dexmedetomidine and ketamine appear to prevent postoperative agitation and pain after sevoflurane anesthesia for pediatric strabismus surgery."5.17Comparison of the effects of dexmedetomidine, ketamine, and placebo on emergence agitation after strabismus surgery in children. ( Chen, JY; Jia, JE; Li, WX; Liu, TJ; Qin, MJ, 2013)
"We investigated the effect of ketamine on reducing postoperative agitation after sevoflurane anesthesia in children undergoing elective strabismus surgery."5.10[The effect of ketamine on reducing postoperative agitation after sevoflurane anesthesia in pediatric strabismus surgery]. ( Fukumitsu, K; Hirao, O; Kawaraguchi, Y; Kinouchi, K; Kitamura, S; Miyamoto, Y; Taniguchi, A, 2002)
"Ketamine is widely used in emergency departments (EDs) to facilitate painful procedures; however, existing descriptors of predictors of emesis and recovery agitation are derived from relatively small studies."4.85Predictors of emesis and recovery agitation with emergency department ketamine sedation: an individual-patient data meta-analysis of 8,282 children. ( Agrawal, D; Brown, L; Garcia Pena, BM; Gerber, AC; Green, SM; Hostetler, MA; Krauss, B; Losek, JD; McGlone, RG; McKee, M; Pitetti, RD; Roback, MG; Treston, G; Wathen, JE; Weiss, M, 2009)
"The present study attempted to elucidate whether intravesical instillation of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) could decrease bladder inflammation and ameliorate bladder hyperactivity in ketamine ulcerative cystitis (KIC) rat model."4.12Therapeutic Effect of Platelet-Rich Plasma Improves Bladder Overactivity in the Pathogenesis of Ketamine-Induced Ulcerative Cystitis in a Rat Model. ( Chuang, SM; Chueh, KS; Huang, KH; Juan, TJ; Juan, YS; Lee, YC; Lin, RJ; Long, CY; Lu, JH; Shen, MC; Sun, TW, 2022)
"To determine the effectiveness of intravenous (IV) ketamine on anxiety, irritability, agitation, and suicidality, in adults with treatment-resistant major depressive disorder (MDD) or bipolar disorder (BD)."3.96The effectiveness of ketamine on anxiety, irritability, and agitation: Implications for treating mixed features in adults with major depressive or bipolar disorder. ( Cha, DS; Fagiolini, A; Gill, H; Ho, R; Kratiuk, K; Lee, Y; Lin, K; Lipsitz, O; Malhi, GS; Mansur, RB; McIntyre, RS; Nasri, F; Rodrigues, NB; Rosenblat, JD; Subramaniapillai, M; Suppes, T; Vinberg, M, 2020)
"We report a case series on the observed effects of low-dose ketamine infusions in 4 critically ill patients with varying complications related to prolonged critical illness."3.83Low-Dose Ketamine in Chronic Critical Illness. ( Darrah, D; Moitra, A; Moitra, VK; Patel, MK; Wunsch, H, 2016)
" The objective is to demonstrate that ketamine, given as a single intramuscular injection for violent and agitated patients, including those with suspected excited delirium syndrome (ExDS), is both safe and effective during the prehospital phase of care, and allows for the rapid sedation and control of this difficult patient population."3.80Prehospital use of i.m. ketamine for sedation of violent and agitated patients. ( Braghiroli, J; Chait, R; Scheppke, KA; Shalaby, M, 2014)
"This is the first confirmed case to be reported of toxicity with delayed onset of severe agitation, hallucinations and tonic-clonic seizures associated with recreational use of Bromo-dragonFLY (1-(8-bromobenzo[1,2-b;4,5-b']difuran-4-yl)-2-aminopropane) in combination with ketamine and cannabis."3.75Delayed onset of seizures and toxicity associated with recreational use of Bromo-dragonFLY. ( Button, J; Dargan, PI; Davies, S; Holt, DW; Lidder, S; Looker, JJ; Puchnarewicz, M; Ramsey, J; Shaikh, L; Wood, DM, 2009)
"The incidence of postoperative pain was significantly less in the KETODEX group (15."2.80The effect of KETODEX on the incidence and severity of emergence agitation in children undergoing adenotonsillectomy using sevoflurane based-anesthesia. ( Daoud, A; Hadi, SM; Mei, X; Ouyang, W; Saleh, AJ; Tang, YZ, 2015)
"Tramadol was used for postoperative analgesia."2.71Oral ketamine premedication can prevent emergence agitation in children after desflurane anaesthesia. ( Kararmaz, A; Kaya, S; Ozyilmaz, MA; Turhanoglu, S, 2004)
"Ketamine has a role for agitation management in the prehospital setting; however, emergency personnel education and ketamine protocols should be utilized to aid in safe and effective pharmacotherapy and provide guidance on the management of adverse events."2.58Ketamine for the Acute Management of Excited Delirium and Agitation in the Prehospital Setting. ( Linder, LM; Ross, CA; Weant, KA, 2018)
"When ketamine was administered in the ED, the intubation rate was 1."2.58Ketamine for Rapid Sedation of Agitated Patients in the Prehospital and Emergency Department Settings: A Systematic Review and Proportional Meta-Analysis. ( Cole, JB; Kaldan, J; Mankowitz, SL; Regenberg, P, 2018)
" It also reviews the comparative pharmacokinetics, adverse effects, and dosing of ketamine, propofol, and ketofol as agents for procedural sedation and analgesia."2.48Ketamine, propofol, and ketofol use for pediatric sedation. ( Alletag, MJ; Auerbach, MA; Baum, CR, 2012)
" We sought to measure the frequency of ED intubation at a Midwest academic medical center after prehospital ketamine use for profound agitation, hypothesizing that intubation has become less frequent as prehospital ketamine has become more common and prehospital dosing has improved."1.62Outcomes Associated with Lower Doses of Ketamine by Emergency Medical Services for Profound Agitation. ( Ahmed, A; Coffey, SK; Egan, H; Harland, KK; Mohr, NM; Vakkalanka, JP; Wallace, K, 2021)
"Background Psychomotor agitation can be problematic in an overcrowded emergency department (ED) during uncontrolled procedural sedation."1.51Post-traumatic stress disorder or emergence phenomena? A case of psychomotor agitation after procedural sedation and analgesia. ( Akbari, H; Bahreini, M; Jalali, A, 2019)
"Ketamine is an emerging drug used in the management of undifferentiated, severe agitation in the prehospital setting."1.51Psychiatric Outcomes of Patients With Severe Agitation Following Administration of Prehospital Ketamine. ( Akhavan, AR; Gittinger, MH; Hippe, DS; Lebin, JA; McCoy, AM; Pasic, J; Vrablik, MC, 2019)
"Ketamine is a noncompetitive N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor antagonist, making it an effective dissociative agent."1.46A Novel Agent for Management of Agitated Delirium: A Case Series of Ketamine Utilization in the Pediatric Emergency Department. ( Kopec, KT; Kowalski, JM; Lavelle, J; Osterhoudt, K, 2017)
"Ketamine is an emerging drug for the treatment of acute undifferentiated agitation in the prehospital environment, however no prospective comparative studies have evaluated its effectiveness or safety in this clinical setting."1.43A prospective study of ketamine versus haloperidol for severe prehospital agitation. ( Bache-Wiig, P; Cole, JB; Engebretsen, KM; Fryza, BJ; Ho, JD; Kornas, RL; Moore, JC; Nystrom, PC; O'Brien-Lambert, A; Orozco, BS; Steinberg, LW; Stellpflug, SJ, 2016)
"Prehospital ketamine is associated with a high rate of endotracheal intubation in profoundly agitated patients; however, ketamine dosing is not associated with intubation rate when adjusted for potential confounders."1.43Intubation of Profoundly Agitated Patients Treated with Prehospital Ketamine. ( Cole, JB; Dodd, KW; Ho, JD; Nystrom, PC; Olives, TD, 2016)
"Ketamine was administered for agitation on 32 visits involving 27 patients."1.42Ketamine use for acute agitation in the emergency department. ( Campillo, A; Castillo, EM; Davie, T; Hopper, AB; Vilke, GM; Wilson, MP, 2015)
"Ketamine is an effective agent for procedural sedation in the emergency department."1.35Intravenous ketamine for adult procedural sedation in the emergency department: a prospective cohort study. ( Fitton, L; Newton, A, 2008)

Research

Studies (73)

TimeframeStudies, this research(%)All Research%
pre-19902 (2.74)18.7374
1990's2 (2.74)18.2507
2000's10 (13.70)29.6817
2010's43 (58.90)24.3611
2020's16 (21.92)2.80

Authors

AuthorsStudies
Coffey, SK1
Vakkalanka, JP1
Egan, H1
Wallace, K1
Harland, KK1
Mohr, NM1
Ahmed, A1
deSouza, IS1
Thode, HC1
Shrestha, P1
Allen, R1
Koos, J1
Singer, AJ1
Chueh, KS1
Huang, KH1
Lu, JH1
Juan, TJ1
Chuang, SM1
Lin, RJ1
Lee, YC1
Long, CY1
Shen, MC1
Sun, TW1
Juan, YS1
Krenz, JR1
Medeiros, K1
Lupez, K1
Wolfe, C1
McCoin, N1
Springer, B1
Jalali, A1
Akbari, H1
Bahreini, M1
Sullivan, N1
Chen, C1
Siegel, R1
Ma, Y1
Pourmand, A1
Montano, N1
Meltzer, A1
Lin, J1
Figuerado, Y1
Montgomery, A1
Lee, J1
Cannis, M1
Norton, VC1
Calvo, R1
Sikand, H1
McIntyre, RS1
Lipsitz, O1
Rodrigues, NB1
Lee, Y1
Cha, DS1
Vinberg, M1
Lin, K1
Malhi, GS1
Subramaniapillai, M1
Kratiuk, K1
Fagiolini, A1
Gill, H1
Nasri, F1
Mansur, RB1
Suppes, T1
Ho, R1
Rosenblat, JD1
Parks, DJ1
Alter, SM1
Shih, RD1
Solano, JJ1
Hughes, PG1
Clayton, LM1
Kim, HK1
Leonard, JB1
Corwell, BN1
Connors, NJ1
Cunningham, C1
Gross, K1
Broach, JP1
O'Connor, L1
Bernard, S1
Roggenkamp, R1
Delorenzo, A1
Stephenson, M1
Smith, K1
Zhang, F1
Hillhouse, TM1
Anderson, PM1
Koppenhaver, PO1
Kegen, TN1
Manicka, SG1
Lane, JT1
Pottanat, E1
Van Fossen, M1
Rice, R1
Porter, JH1
Barbic, D2
Andolfatto, G2
Grunau, B2
Scheuermeyer, FX2
Macewan, B1
Qian, H1
Wong, H2
Barbic, SP2
Honer, WG2
Azizkhani, R1
Kouhestani, S1
Heydari, F1
Majidinejad, S1
Lee, A1
Bhullar, IS1
Gonin, P1
Beysard, N1
Yersin, B1
Carron, PN1
Cole, JB5
Klein, LR2
Nystrom, PC4
Moore, JC3
Driver, BE2
Fryza, BJ2
Harrington, J1
Ho, JD4
Linder, LM1
Ross, CA1
Weant, KA1
Miner, JR1
Gottlieb, M1
Long, B1
Koyfman, A1
Steenblock, D1
Hurwitz, J1
Abdel-Ghaffar, HS1
Kamal, SM1
El Sherif, FA1
Mohamed, SA1
Mankowitz, SL1
Regenberg, P1
Kaldan, J1
MacEwan, W1
Tian, LL1
Newman, WJ1
Lebin, JA1
Akhavan, AR1
Hippe, DS1
Gittinger, MH1
Pasic, J1
McCoy, AM1
Vrablik, MC1
Tan, D1
Xia, H1
Sun, S1
Wang, F1
Rosen, HD1
Cravero, JP1
Bilgen, S1
Köner, Ö1
Karacay, S1
Sancar, NK1
Kaspar, EC1
Sözübir, S1
Scheppke, KA1
Braghiroli, J1
Shalaby, M1
Chait, R1
Schultz, CH2
Hadi, SM1
Saleh, AJ1
Tang, YZ1
Daoud, A1
Mei, X1
Ouyang, W1
Hopper, AB1
Vilke, GM1
Castillo, EM1
Campillo, A1
Davie, T1
Wilson, MP1
Moitra, VK1
Patel, MK1
Darrah, D1
Moitra, A1
Wunsch, H1
Kowalski, JM1
Kopec, KT1
Lavelle, J1
Osterhoudt, K1
Normandin, PA1
Khorey, SJ1
Donahue, MA1
Benotti, SA1
Manning, BA1
Kidd, LR1
Lyons, SC1
Lloyd, G1
Strote, J1
Vincent, JL1
Shehabi, Y1
Walsh, TS1
Pandharipande, PP1
Ball, JA1
Spronk, P1
Longrois, D1
Strøm, T1
Conti, G1
Funk, GC1
Badenes, R1
Mantz, J1
Spies, C1
Takala, J1
Orozco, BS1
Stellpflug, SJ1
Kornas, RL1
Steinberg, LW1
O'Brien-Lambert, A1
Bache-Wiig, P1
Engebretsen, KM1
Vrana, B1
Olives, TD1
Dodd, KW1
Riddell, J1
Tran, A1
Bengiamin, R1
Hendey, GW1
Armenian, P1
Newton, A1
Fitton, L1
Green, SM1
Roback, MG1
Krauss, B1
Brown, L1
McGlone, RG1
Agrawal, D1
McKee, M1
Weiss, M1
Pitetti, RD1
Hostetler, MA1
Wathen, JE1
Treston, G1
Garcia Pena, BM1
Gerber, AC1
Losek, JD1
Wood, DM1
Looker, JJ1
Shaikh, L1
Button, J1
Puchnarewicz, M1
Davies, S1
Lidder, S1
Ramsey, J1
Holt, DW1
Dargan, PI1
Khattab, AM1
El-Seify, ZA1
Shaaban, A1
Radojevic, D1
Jankovic, I1
Chen, J1
Li, W1
Hu, X1
Wang, D1
Sener, S1
Eken, C1
Serinken, M1
Ozsarac, M1
Eich, C1
Verhagen-Henning, S1
Roessler, M1
Cremer, F1
Cremer, S1
Strack, M1
Russo, SG1
Bauchat, JR1
Higgins, N1
Wojciechowski, KG1
McCarthy, RJ1
Toledo, P1
Wong, CA1
Le Cong, M1
Gynther, B1
Hunter, E1
Schuller, P1
Anghelescu, DL1
Rakes, LC1
Shearer, JR1
Bikhazi, GB1
Chatterjee, M1
Singh, S1
Kumari, R1
Verma, AK1
Palit, G1
Kranaster, L1
Janke, C1
Hoyer, C1
Sartorius, A1
Alletag, MJ1
Auerbach, MA1
Baum, CR1
Chen, JY1
Jia, JE1
Liu, TJ1
Qin, MJ1
Li, WX1
Kawaraguchi, Y2
Miyamoto, Y1
Fukumitsu, K1
Taniguchi, A1
Hirao, O1
Kitamura, S1
Kinouchi, K1
Kararmaz, A1
Kaya, S1
Turhanoglu, S1
Ozyilmaz, MA1
Horiuchi, T1
Kawaguchi, M1
Kurehara, K1
Sasaoka, N1
Furuya, H1
Dalens, BJ1
Pinard, AM1
Létourneau, DR1
Albert, NT1
Truchon, RJ1
Erk, G1
Ornek, D1
Dönmez, NF1
Taşpinar, V1
Abu-Shahwan, I1
Chowdary, K1
Aouad, MT1
Moussa, AR1
Dagher, CM1
Muwakkit, SA1
Jabbour-Khoury, SI1
Zbeidy, RA1
Abboud, MR1
Kanazi, GE1
Geist, ET1
Gross, BD1
Warner, DL1
Cabaret, J1
Velling, D1
Pruitt, JW1
Goldwasser, MS1
Sabol, SR1
Prstojevich, SJ1
Venturini, AH1
Parietti, A1
Giménez, JC1

Clinical Trials (20)

Trial Overview

TrialPhaseEnrollmentStudy TypeStart DateStatus
Ketamine Versus Midazolam for Prehospital Agitation[NCT03554915]314 participants (Actual)Observational2017-08-01Completed
Premedication With Different Nebulized Ketamine,Dexmedetomidine Versus Midazolam in Oncologic Preschool Children[NCT02935959]Phase 1/Phase 290 participants (Actual)Interventional2016-10-31Completed
Comparison of Oral Chloral Hydrate and Combination of Intranasal Dexmedetomidine and Ketamine for Rescue After Failed Pediatric Procedural Sedation: a Randomized Controlled Trial[NCT04822064]70 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2022-09-22Recruiting
Comparison of Oral Chloral Hydrate and Combination of Intranasal Dexmedetomidine and Ketamine for Procedural Sedation in Children: a Randomized Controlled Trial[NCT04820205]136 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2021-09-03Recruiting
Rapid Agitation Control With Ketamine in the Emergency Department (RACKED): a Randomized Controlled Trial[NCT03375671]Phase 281 participants (Actual)Interventional2018-05-29Completed
Comparison of Ketamine 0.1 mg/kg, 0.2 mg/kg, and 0.3 mg/kg Intravenous Doses for Acute Pain in the Emergency Department: A Prospective, Randomized, Double-blind, Active-controlled, Clinical Trial[NCT03896230]Phase 411 participants (Actual)Interventional2019-05-03Terminated (stopped due to Due to resource limitations the study was on hold and was then terminated.)
Emergence Delirium in Children: a Randomized Clinical Trial of Different Doses of Sevoflurane During Induction of Anesthesia[NCT02707016]80 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2015-12-31Recruiting
KETODEX for Emergence Delirium in Children Undergoing Outpatient Strabismus Surgery[NCT03779282]90 participants (Actual)Observational2018-02-15Completed
ED Treatment of Suicidal Patients With Ketamine Infusion[NCT03502551]Phase 20 participants (Actual)Interventional2019-04-01Withdrawn (stopped due to Trial never received funding.)
Epidemiology of Weaning From Invasive Mechanical Ventilation in COVID-19. Observational and Multicenter Study.[NCT05049200]326 participants (Actual)Observational [Patient Registry]2020-04-01Completed
Southern Medical University Clinical Research Project Initiative:Efficacy and Safety of a Multicomponent Physical Therapy Program in Mechanically Ventilated Patient With Sepsis[NCT03406494]800 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2018-03-31Not yet recruiting
Intravenous Ketamine for Pain Control During First Trimester Surgical Abortion[NCT03751423]Phase 3123 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2019-06-10Suspended (stopped due to Study on-hold due to COVID-19 pandemic restrictions. Will resume when possible.)
A Comparison of Midazolam or Haloperidol Premedication Versus Placebo for Reducing Ketamine Induced Agitation After Adult Procedural Sedation in the Emergency Department[NCT02909465]Phase 4185 participants (Actual)Interventional2016-07-31Completed
Ketamine and Propofol Combination Versus Propofol for Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy[NCT02643979]Phase 422 participants (Actual)Interventional2016-01-01Terminated (stopped due to Lack of Enrollment)
Positive Imagery Therapy and the Incidence of Emergence Reactions With the Use of Ketamine[NCT04746079]180 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2021-02-05Recruiting
[NCT01506622]222 participants (Actual)Interventional2011-01-31Completed
Efficacy and Safety of Esketamine or Sevoflurane Add to Dexmedetomidine-based Sedation for Ophthalmology Procedure in Children[NCT05321160]116 participants (Actual)Interventional2021-03-10Completed
Postpartum Perineal Pain After Obstetric Anal Sphincter Injuries: A Randomized Clinical Trial[NCT03470675]Phase 467 participants (Actual)Interventional2018-06-27Active, not recruiting
Effect of Intravenous Nalbuphine on Emergence Agitation in Children Undergoing Repair of Rupture Globe[NCT03470077]Phase 280 participants (Actual)Interventional2019-07-31Completed
Ketamine Treatment for Pediatric-Refractory Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)[NCT02422290]Phase 1/Phase 25 participants (Actual)Interventional2015-03-31Completed
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

Trial Outcomes

Adverse Events

"Frequency of adverse events secondary to ketamine including fatigue, dizziness, nausea, headache, feeling of unreality, changes in hearing or vision, mood changes, generalized discomfort, and hallucinations, changes in vital signs.~Adverse events were reported at baseline and then at 15 min/30 min/60 min/90 min and 120 minutes post-infusion." (NCT03896230)
Timeframe: Within 2 hours post infusion completion

,,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
at 15 min post infusionat 30 min post infusionat 60 min post infusionat 90 min post infusionat 120 min post infusion
Arm 1: 0.1 mg/kg Ketamine21111
Arm 1: 0.2 mg/kg Ketamine32220
Arm 1: 0.3 mg/kg Ketamine21000

Pain Score

"Pain score using Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) post ketamine infusion. The Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) ranges from 0-to-10 with 0 being no pain and lower numbers representing less pain, so in this case lower numbers will represent better outcomes.~Pain scores were reported at baseline and then at 15 min/30 min/60 min/90 min and 120 minutes post-infusion." (NCT03896230)
Timeframe: Within 2 hours post infusion completion

,
Interventionscore on a scale (Mean)
Baseline pain scorePain score at 15 minPain score at 30 minPain score at 60 minPain score at 90 min
Arm 1: 0.3 mg/kg Ketamine7.52652
Arm 1: 0.2 mg/kg Ketamine8.565.7577

Pain Score

"Pain score using Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) post ketamine infusion. The Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) ranges from 0-to-10 with 0 being no pain and lower numbers representing less pain, so in this case lower numbers will represent better outcomes.~Pain scores were reported at baseline and then at 15 min/30 min/60 min/90 min and 120 minutes post-infusion." (NCT03896230)
Timeframe: Within 2 hours post infusion completion

Interventionscore on a scale (Mean)
Baseline pain scorePain score at 15 minPain score at 30 minPain score at 60 minPain score at 90 minPain score at 120 min
Arm 1: 0.1 mg/kg Ketamine9.45.255.255.254.54

Number of Participants With Any Type of Airway Obstruction

The Anesthesiologist caring for the patient during the upper endoscopy made note of any obstructive events defined on a scale ranging from the patient audibly snoring (obstructing) to the patient obstructing and requiring assistance such as a chin lift or jaw thrust to relieve the obstruction and continue to move air adequately. (NCT02643979)
Timeframe: Day 1

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Ketofol: Ketamine and Propofol4
Propofol Only3

Number of Participants With Emergence Delirium

Number of participants with emergence delirium measured from the procedure end until time of discharge. (NCT02643979)
Timeframe: Day 1

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Ketofol: Ketamine and Propofol0
Propofol Only0

Number of Participants With Gagging Reaction

"Number of participants with gagging or vomit-like reaction on endoscopic insertion" (NCT02643979)
Timeframe: Day 1

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Ketofol: Ketamine and Propofol2
Propofol Only1

Number of Participants With Post-operative Nausea and/or Vomiting

(NCT02643979)
Timeframe: up to 6 months

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Ketofol: Ketamine and Propofol0
Propofol Only0

Time to Recovery

Monitored via the electronic medical record system as the time between the anesthesia end time and when the patient was safe for discharge from the hospital. (NCT02643979)
Timeframe: Day 1

Interventionminutes (Mean)
Ketofol: Ketamine and Propofol21
Propofol Only25

Total Dose of Propofol Used During the Procedure

Propofol doses are logged in the computerized Compurecord system used in the operating room. Patients involved in the study had their total Propofol dose required quantified and compared between groups who received Ketamine and groups who did not. (NCT02643979)
Timeframe: Day 1

Interventionmg/kg (Mean)
Ketofol: Ketamine and Propofol9.09
Propofol Only39

Total Sedation Required to Allow Initiation of Procedure

Using the computerized record system, the amount of Propofol a patient required to allow for the procedure to start quantified and compared between groups. (NCT02643979)
Timeframe: Day 1

Interventionmg/kg (Mean)
Ketofol: Ketamine and Propofol78
Propofol Only61

Children's Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (CY-BOCS)

The CY-BOCS is a semi-structured measure of OCD severity with excellent inter-rater reliability, internal consistency, and test-retest reliability. It is validated in those starting at age 7 and used in studies up to age 20. The CYBOCS differs from the adult YBOCS only in its use of simpler language. The CY-BOCS consists of 10 items which are summed up to derive the total CY-BOCS score. The total score ranges from 0-40 with higher scores indicating greater severity of OCD symptoms. (NCT02422290)
Timeframe: Screening, Baseline, Day 7, Day 17, 3-Month; Baseline and Day 14 pre-specified to be reported

Interventionscore on a scale (Mean)
CY-BOCS BaselineCY-BOCS Day 14
Ketamine Treatment Group29.0026.20

Clinical Global Impressions - Severity Scale (CGI-S)

The CGI-S is a clinician rated 7-point rating scale for the severity of a participant's illness relative to the clinician's experience of working with this particular population. The score ranges from 1-7 with higher scores indicating greater illness severity. (NCT02422290)
Timeframe: Screening, Baseline, Day 7, Day 17, 3-Month; Baseline and Day 14 pre-specified to be reported

Interventionscore on a scale (Mean)
CGI-S BaselineCGI-S Day 14
Ketamine Treatment Group5.805.00

OCD Visual Analogue Scale (OCD-VAS)

"The OCD-VAS is a one-item unipolar scale to assess OCD symptoms over a rapid time frame (No obsessions to Constant obsessions). The scale ranges from 0-10 with higher scores indicating higher presence of obsessions." (NCT02422290)
Timeframe: Screening, Baseline, Day 1-14, 3-Month; Baseline and Day 14 pre-specified to be reported

Interventionscore on a scale (Mean)
OCD-VAS BaselineOCD-VAS Day 14
Ketamine Treatment Group5.005.00

Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Challenge Scale (Y-BOCCS)

"The Y-BOCCS is self-report scale which assesses OCD symptoms on a 5-point likert scale (None to Extreme). It consists of 10 items which are summed up to derive the total Y-BOCCS score. The total score ranges from 0-40 with higher scores indicating higher prevalence of OCD symptoms." (NCT02422290)
Timeframe: Screening, Baseline, Day 1-14, 3-Month; Baseline and Day 14 pre-specified to be reported

Interventionscore on a scale (Mean)
Y-BOCCS BaselineY-BOCCS Day 14
Ketamine Treatment Group18.2516.50

Reviews

14 reviews available for ketamine and Psychomotor Agitation

ArticleYear
Rapid tranquilization of the agitated patient in the emergency department: A systematic review and network meta-analysis.
    The American journal of emergency medicine, 2022, Volume: 51

    Topics: Adult; Droperidol; Emergence Delirium; Emergency Service, Hospital; Humans; Ketamine; Network Meta-A

2022
Management of the Agitated Patient.
    Emergency medicine clinics of North America, 2024, Volume: 42, Issue:1

    Topics: Antipsychotic Agents; Benzodiazepines; Emergency Service, Hospital; Humans; Ketamine; Psychomotor Ag

2024
Hyperactive Delirium with Severe Agitation.
    Emergency medicine clinics of North America, 2024, Volume: 42, Issue:1

    Topics: Delirium; Emergency Service, Hospital; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Ketamine; Psychomotor Agitat

2024
Ketamine for emergency sedation of agitated patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
    The American journal of emergency medicine, 2020, Volume: 38, Issue:3

    Topics: Airway Management; Anesthesia; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Emergencies; Emergency Medical Services; H

2020
Safety and efficacy of pharmacologic agents used for rapid tranquilization of emergency department patients with acute agitation or excited delirium.
    Expert opinion on drug safety, 2021, Volume: 20, Issue:2

    Topics: Acute Disease; Aggression; Antipsychotic Agents; Benzodiazepines; Delirium; Emergency Service, Hospi

2021
Intravenous Ketamine for Agitation in Critical Care.
    The American surgeon, 2017, Jul-01, Volume: 83, Issue:7

    Topics: Adult; Burns; Critical Care; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Infusions, Intravenous; Injury Severity Scor

2017
Excited Delirium: A Systematic Review.
    Academic emergency medicine : official journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine, 2018, Volume: 25, Issue:5

    Topics: Antipsychotic Agents; Delirium; Female; Humans; Ketamine; Male; Psychomotor Agitation; Retrospective

2018
Ketamine for the Acute Management of Excited Delirium and Agitation in the Prehospital Setting.
    Pharmacotherapy, 2018, Volume: 38, Issue:1

    Topics: Algorithms; Delirium; Emergency Medical Services; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Humans; Ketamin

2018
Ketamine for Rapid Sedation of Agitated Patients in the Prehospital and Emergency Department Settings: A Systematic Review and Proportional Meta-Analysis.
    The Journal of emergency medicine, 2018, Volume: 55, Issue:5

    Topics: Anesthetics, Dissociative; Emergency Service, Hospital; Humans; Ketamine; Psychomotor Agitation

2018
Effect of ancillary drugs on sevoflurane related emergence agitation in children undergoing ophthalmic surgery: a Bayesian network meta-analysis.
    BMC anesthesiology, 2019, 08-01, Volume: 19, Issue:1

    Topics: Akathisia, Drug-Induced; Analgesics; Anesthesia Recovery Period; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Bayes Theo

2019
Use of Intranasal Ketamine for the Severely Agitated or Violent ED Patient.
    Journal of emergency nursing, 2016, Volume: 42, Issue:1

    Topics: Administration, Intranasal; Analgesics; Emergency Nursing; Emergency Service, Hospital; Humans; Keta

2016
Comfort and patient-centred care without excessive sedation: the eCASH concept.
    Intensive care medicine, 2016, Volume: 42, Issue:6

    Topics: Analgesia; Analgesics, Opioid; Benzodiazepines; Conscious Sedation; Critical Care; Deep Sedation; De

2016
Comfort and patient-centred care without excessive sedation: the eCASH concept.
    Intensive care medicine, 2016, Volume: 42, Issue:6

    Topics: Analgesia; Analgesics, Opioid; Benzodiazepines; Conscious Sedation; Critical Care; Deep Sedation; De

2016
Comfort and patient-centred care without excessive sedation: the eCASH concept.
    Intensive care medicine, 2016, Volume: 42, Issue:6

    Topics: Analgesia; Analgesics, Opioid; Benzodiazepines; Conscious Sedation; Critical Care; Deep Sedation; De

2016
Comfort and patient-centred care without excessive sedation: the eCASH concept.
    Intensive care medicine, 2016, Volume: 42, Issue:6

    Topics: Analgesia; Analgesics, Opioid; Benzodiazepines; Conscious Sedation; Critical Care; Deep Sedation; De

2016
Predictors of emesis and recovery agitation with emergency department ketamine sedation: an individual-patient data meta-analysis of 8,282 children.
    Annals of emergency medicine, 2009, Volume: 54, Issue:2

    Topics: Age Factors; Anesthesia Recovery Period; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Benzodiazepines; Child; Child, P

2009
Ketamine, propofol, and ketofol use for pediatric sedation.
    Pediatric emergency care, 2012, Volume: 28, Issue:12

    Topics: Adolescent; Amnesia; Analgesia; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Antiemetics; An

2012

Trials

20 trials available for ketamine and Psychomotor Agitation

ArticleYear
Efficacy of ketamine for initial control of acute agitation in the emergency department: A randomized study.
    The American journal of emergency medicine, 2021, Volume: 44

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Antipsychotic Agents

2021
Rapid Agitation Control With Ketamine in the Emergency Department: A Blinded, Randomized Controlled Trial.
    Annals of emergency medicine, 2021, Volume: 78, Issue:6

    Topics: Adult; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Canada; Female; Haloperidol; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Inje

2021
A comparative study of dexmedetomidine and propofol to prevent recovery agitation in adults undergoing procedural sedation with ketamine: A randomized double-blind clinical trial.
    The American journal of emergency medicine, 2021, Volume: 50

    Topics: Adult; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Conscious Sedation; Dexmedetomidine; Double-Blind Method; Emergenc

2021
Comparison of nebulised dexmedetomidine, ketamine, or midazolam for premedication in preschool children undergoing bone marrow biopsy.
    British journal of anaesthesia, 2018, Volume: 121, Issue:2

    Topics: Administration, Inhalation; Anesthesia Recovery Period; Anxiety, Separation; Bone Marrow Examination

2018
Comparison of nebulised dexmedetomidine, ketamine, or midazolam for premedication in preschool children undergoing bone marrow biopsy.
    British journal of anaesthesia, 2018, Volume: 121, Issue:2

    Topics: Administration, Inhalation; Anesthesia Recovery Period; Anxiety, Separation; Bone Marrow Examination

2018
Comparison of nebulised dexmedetomidine, ketamine, or midazolam for premedication in preschool children undergoing bone marrow biopsy.
    British journal of anaesthesia, 2018, Volume: 121, Issue:2

    Topics: Administration, Inhalation; Anesthesia Recovery Period; Anxiety, Separation; Bone Marrow Examination

2018
Comparison of nebulised dexmedetomidine, ketamine, or midazolam for premedication in preschool children undergoing bone marrow biopsy.
    British journal of anaesthesia, 2018, Volume: 121, Issue:2

    Topics: Administration, Inhalation; Anesthesia Recovery Period; Anxiety, Separation; Bone Marrow Examination

2018
Comparison of nebulised dexmedetomidine, ketamine, or midazolam for premedication in preschool children undergoing bone marrow biopsy.
    British journal of anaesthesia, 2018, Volume: 121, Issue:2

    Topics: Administration, Inhalation; Anesthesia Recovery Period; Anxiety, Separation; Bone Marrow Examination

2018
Comparison of nebulised dexmedetomidine, ketamine, or midazolam for premedication in preschool children undergoing bone marrow biopsy.
    British journal of anaesthesia, 2018, Volume: 121, Issue:2

    Topics: Administration, Inhalation; Anesthesia Recovery Period; Anxiety, Separation; Bone Marrow Examination

2018
Comparison of nebulised dexmedetomidine, ketamine, or midazolam for premedication in preschool children undergoing bone marrow biopsy.
    British journal of anaesthesia, 2018, Volume: 121, Issue:2

    Topics: Administration, Inhalation; Anesthesia Recovery Period; Anxiety, Separation; Bone Marrow Examination

2018
Comparison of nebulised dexmedetomidine, ketamine, or midazolam for premedication in preschool children undergoing bone marrow biopsy.
    British journal of anaesthesia, 2018, Volume: 121, Issue:2

    Topics: Administration, Inhalation; Anesthesia Recovery Period; Anxiety, Separation; Bone Marrow Examination

2018
Comparison of nebulised dexmedetomidine, ketamine, or midazolam for premedication in preschool children undergoing bone marrow biopsy.
    British journal of anaesthesia, 2018, Volume: 121, Issue:2

    Topics: Administration, Inhalation; Anesthesia Recovery Period; Anxiety, Separation; Bone Marrow Examination

2018
Rapid agitation control with ketamine in the emergency department (RACKED): a randomized controlled trial protocol.
    Trials, 2018, Nov-26, Volume: 19, Issue:1

    Topics: Adult; Anesthetics, Dissociative; British Columbia; Emergency Service, Hospital; Female; Haloperidol

2018
Effect of ketamine versus alfentanil following midazolam in preventing emergence agitation in children after sevoflurane anaesthesia: a prospective randomized clinical trial.
    The Journal of international medical research, 2014, Volume: 42, Issue:6

    Topics: Alfentanil; Anesthesia Recovery Period; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Child; Child, Preschool; Drug Thera

2014
The effect of KETODEX on the incidence and severity of emergence agitation in children undergoing adenotonsillectomy using sevoflurane based-anesthesia.
    International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology, 2015, Volume: 79, Issue:5

    Topics: Adenoidectomy; Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists; Airway Extubation; Anesthesia Recovery Period;

2015
The effect of KETODEX on the incidence and severity of emergence agitation in children undergoing adenotonsillectomy using sevoflurane based-anesthesia.
    International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology, 2015, Volume: 79, Issue:5

    Topics: Adenoidectomy; Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists; Airway Extubation; Anesthesia Recovery Period;

2015
The effect of KETODEX on the incidence and severity of emergence agitation in children undergoing adenotonsillectomy using sevoflurane based-anesthesia.
    International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology, 2015, Volume: 79, Issue:5

    Topics: Adenoidectomy; Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists; Airway Extubation; Anesthesia Recovery Period;

2015
The effect of KETODEX on the incidence and severity of emergence agitation in children undergoing adenotonsillectomy using sevoflurane based-anesthesia.
    International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology, 2015, Volume: 79, Issue:5

    Topics: Adenoidectomy; Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists; Airway Extubation; Anesthesia Recovery Period;

2015
Emergence agitation after cataract surgery in children: a comparison of midazolam, propofol and ketamine.
    Paediatric anaesthesia, 2010, Volume: 20, Issue:9

    Topics: Anesthesia Recovery Period; Anesthesia, General; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Anesthetics, Inhalation;

2010
Ketamine with and without midazolam for emergency department sedation in adults: a randomized controlled trial.
    Annals of emergency medicine, 2011, Volume: 57, Issue:2

    Topics: Adult; Analgesics; Conscious Sedation; Double-Blind Method; Drug Therapy, Combination; Emergency Ser

2011
Ketamine with and without midazolam for emergency department sedation in adults: a randomized controlled trial.
    Annals of emergency medicine, 2011, Volume: 57, Issue:2

    Topics: Adult; Analgesics; Conscious Sedation; Double-Blind Method; Drug Therapy, Combination; Emergency Ser

2011
Ketamine with and without midazolam for emergency department sedation in adults: a randomized controlled trial.
    Annals of emergency medicine, 2011, Volume: 57, Issue:2

    Topics: Adult; Analgesics; Conscious Sedation; Double-Blind Method; Drug Therapy, Combination; Emergency Ser

2011
Ketamine with and without midazolam for emergency department sedation in adults: a randomized controlled trial.
    Annals of emergency medicine, 2011, Volume: 57, Issue:2

    Topics: Adult; Analgesics; Conscious Sedation; Double-Blind Method; Drug Therapy, Combination; Emergency Ser

2011
Low-dose ketamine with multimodal postcesarean delivery analgesia: a randomized controlled trial.
    International journal of obstetric anesthesia, 2011, Volume: 20, Issue:1

    Topics: Adult; Analgesia, Obstetrical; Analgesia, Patient-Controlled; Analgesics, Opioid; Anesthesia, Spinal

2011
Comparison of the effects of dexmedetomidine, ketamine, and placebo on emergence agitation after strabismus surgery in children.
    Canadian journal of anaesthesia = Journal canadien d'anesthesie, 2013, Volume: 60, Issue:4

    Topics: Anesthesia Recovery Period; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Child; Child, Presch

2013
[The effect of ketamine on reducing postoperative agitation after sevoflurane anesthesia in pediatric strabismus surgery].
    Masui. The Japanese journal of anesthesiology, 2002, Volume: 51, Issue:12

    Topics: Anesthesia Recovery Period; Anesthesia, Inhalation; Anesthetics, Combined; Child; Child, Preschool;

2002
Oral ketamine premedication can prevent emergence agitation in children after desflurane anaesthesia.
    Paediatric anaesthesia, 2004, Volume: 14, Issue:6

    Topics: Adenoidectomy; Administration, Oral; Analgesics, Opioid; Anesthesia Recovery Period; Anesthetics, In

2004
Evaluation of relatively low dose of oral transmucosal ketamine premedication in children: a comparison with oral midazolam.
    Paediatric anaesthesia, 2005, Volume: 15, Issue:8

    Topics: Administration, Buccal; Anesthesia, Inhalation; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Anxiety, Separation; Chil

2005
Prevention of emergence agitation after sevoflurane anesthesia for pediatric cerebral magnetic resonance imaging by small doses of ketamine or nalbuphine administered just before discontinuing anesthesia.
    Anesthesia and analgesia, 2006, Volume: 102, Issue:4

    Topics: Anesthesia Recovery Period; Anesthesia, Inhalation; Brain; Chi-Square Distribution; Humans; Infant;

2006
The use of ketamine or ketamine-midazolam for adenotonsillectomy.
    International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology, 2007, Volume: 71, Issue:6

    Topics: Adenoidectomy; Adjuvants, Anesthesia; Anesthesia Recovery Period; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Atropin

2007
Ketamine is effective in decreasing the incidence of emergence agitation in children undergoing dental repair under sevoflurane general anesthesia.
    Paediatric anaesthesia, 2007, Volume: 17, Issue:9

    Topics: Anesthesia, Dental; Anesthesia, General; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Child;

2007
Addition of ketamine to propofol for initiation of procedural anesthesia in children reduces propofol consumption and preserves hemodynamic stability.
    Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica, 2008, Volume: 52, Issue:4

    Topics: Adolescent; Analgesics; Anesthesia; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Biopsy, Needle; Blood Pressure; Child;

2008
Ketamine plus midazolam, a most effective paediatric oral premedicant.
    Paediatric anaesthesia, 1995, Volume: 5, Issue:5

    Topics: Adjuvants, Anesthesia; Administration, Oral; Anesthesia, Inhalation; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Anxi

1995
[Flunitrazepam (Ro 5-4200): a new benzodiazepinic derivative. Comparative double blind study with diazepam to control the psychomotor reactions of ketamine].
    Revista espanola de anestesiologia y reanimacion, 1977, Volume: 24, Issue:4

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Akathisia, Drug-Induced; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Diazepam; Dilatation and Cure

1977

Other Studies

39 other studies available for ketamine and Psychomotor Agitation

ArticleYear
Outcomes Associated with Lower Doses of Ketamine by Emergency Medical Services for Profound Agitation.
    The western journal of emergency medicine, 2021, Aug-30, Volume: 22, Issue:5

    Topics: Adult; Analgesics; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Emergency Medical Se

2021
Therapeutic Effect of Platelet-Rich Plasma Improves Bladder Overactivity in the Pathogenesis of Ketamine-Induced Ulcerative Cystitis in a Rat Model.
    International journal of molecular sciences, 2022, May-21, Volume: 23, Issue:10

    Topics: Animals; Cystitis; Female; Humans; Ketamine; Platelet-Rich Plasma; Psychomotor Agitation; Rats; Rats

2022
Retrospective evaluation of ketamine versus droperidol on time to restraint removal in agitated emergency department patients.
    The American journal of emergency medicine, 2023, Volume: 69

    Topics: Bradycardia; Droperidol; Emergency Service, Hospital; Humans; Ketamine; Psychomotor Agitation; Respi

2023
Post-traumatic stress disorder or emergence phenomena? A case of psychomotor agitation after procedural sedation and analgesia.
    Drug metabolism and personalized therapy, 2019, 12-18, Volume: 34, Issue:4

    Topics: Analgesia; Analgesics; Conscious Sedation; Emergency Service, Hospital; Humans; Injections, Intramus

2019
The effectiveness of ketamine on anxiety, irritability, and agitation: Implications for treating mixed features in adults with major depressive or bipolar disorder.
    Bipolar disorders, 2020, Volume: 22, Issue:8

    Topics: Adult; Anxiety; Bipolar Disorder; Depressive Disorder, Major; Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resista

2020
Rescue Intubation in the Emergency Department After Prehospital Ketamine Administration for Agitation.
    Prehospital and disaster medicine, 2020, Volume: 35, Issue:6

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Cohort Studies; Emergency Med

2020
Patient Outcomes Following Ketamine Administration for Acute Agitation with a Decreased Dosing Protocol in the Prehospital Setting.
    Prehospital and disaster medicine, 2021, Volume: 36, Issue:3

    Topics: Adult; Emergency Service, Hospital; Female; Humans; Injections, Intramuscular; Ketamine; Male; Psych

2021
Use of intramuscular ketamine by paramedics in the management of severely agitated patients.
    Emergency medicine Australasia : EMA, 2021, Volume: 33, Issue:5

    Topics: Adult; Allied Health Personnel; Female; Humans; Ketamine; Male; Prospective Studies; Psychomotor Agi

2021
Opioid receptor system contributes to the acute and sustained antidepressant-like effects, but not the hyperactivity motor effects of ketamine in mice.
    Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior, 2021, Volume: 208

    Topics: Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Antidepressive Agents; Depression; Depressive Disorder, Major; E

2021
A prospective study of ketamine as primary therapy for prehospital profound agitation.
    The American journal of emergency medicine, 2018, Volume: 36, Issue:5

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Emergency Medical Services

2018
In reply: Ketamine is an important therapy for prehospital agitation - Its exact role and side effect profile are still undefined.
    The American journal of emergency medicine, 2018, Volume: 36, Issue:3

    Topics: Anesthetics, Dissociative; Humans; Ketamine; Psychomotor Agitation

2018
Ketamine is a good first-line option for severely agitated patients in the prehospital environment.
    The American journal of emergency medicine, 2018, Volume: 36, Issue:3

    Topics: Anesthetics, Dissociative; Emergency Medical Services; Humans; Ketamine; Psychomotor Agitation

2018
Approach to the Agitated Emergency Department Patient.
    The Journal of emergency medicine, 2018, Volume: 54, Issue:4

    Topics: Anesthetics, Dissociative; Antipsychotic Agents; Benzodiazepines; Disease Management; Emergency Serv

2018
Treatment of Behavior Disturbances with Ketamine in a Patient Diagnosed with Major Neurocognitive Disorder.
    The American journal of geriatric psychiatry : official journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry, 2018, Volume: 26, Issue:6

    Topics: Aged; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Humans; Injections, Intramuscular; Ketamine; Neuroc

2018
Can We Finally Dispense With Ketamine's Many Myths?
    The Journal of emergency medicine, 2018, Volume: 54, Issue:5

    Topics: Anesthetics, Dissociative; Antidepressive Agents; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions; E

2018
Psychiatric Considerations Regarding Prehospital Administration of Ketamine for Agitation.
    The Journal of nervous and mental disease, 2019, Volume: 207, Issue:1

    Topics: Conscious Sedation; Emergency Medical Services; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Ketamine; Male; Psy

2019
Psychiatric Outcomes of Patients With Severe Agitation Following Administration of Prehospital Ketamine.
    Academic emergency medicine : official journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine, 2019, Volume: 26, Issue:8

    Topics: Administration, Intravenous; Adult; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Benzodiazepines; Emergency Medical Se

2019
Research on emergence agitation in children.
    Canadian journal of anaesthesia = Journal canadien d'anesthesie, 2013, Volume: 60, Issue:8

    Topics: Dexmedetomidine; Female; Humans; Ketamine; Male; Psychomotor Agitation; Strabismus

2013
Prehospital use of i.m. ketamine for sedation of violent and agitated patients.
    The western journal of emergency medicine, 2014, Volume: 15, Issue:7

    Topics: Anesthetics, Dissociative; Dangerous Behavior; Delirium; Emergency Medical Services; Emergency Medic

2014
Prehospital use of i.m. ketamine for sedation of violent and agitated patients.
    The western journal of emergency medicine, 2014, Volume: 15, Issue:7

    Topics: Anesthetics, Dissociative; Dangerous Behavior; Delirium; Emergency Medical Services; Emergency Medic

2014
Prehospital use of i.m. ketamine for sedation of violent and agitated patients.
    The western journal of emergency medicine, 2014, Volume: 15, Issue:7

    Topics: Anesthetics, Dissociative; Dangerous Behavior; Delirium; Emergency Medical Services; Emergency Medic

2014
Prehospital use of i.m. ketamine for sedation of violent and agitated patients.
    The western journal of emergency medicine, 2014, Volume: 15, Issue:7

    Topics: Anesthetics, Dissociative; Dangerous Behavior; Delirium; Emergency Medical Services; Emergency Medic

2014
Ketamine for pre-hospital control of agitated delirious patients: promising but not yet ready for prime time.
    The western journal of emergency medicine, 2014, Volume: 15, Issue:7

    Topics: Anesthetics, Dissociative; Delirium; Emergency Medical Services; Emergency Medical Technicians; Huma

2014
Ketamine use for acute agitation in the emergency department.
    The Journal of emergency medicine, 2015, Volume: 48, Issue:6

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Aggression; Alcoholic Intoxication; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Antipsychotic Agents; Be

2015
Low-Dose Ketamine in Chronic Critical Illness.
    Journal of intensive care medicine, 2016, Volume: 31, Issue:3

    Topics: Analgesics; Anxiety; Chronic Disease; Critical Care; Critical Illness; Dose-Response Relationship, D

2016
A Novel Agent for Management of Agitated Delirium: A Case Series of Ketamine Utilization in the Pediatric Emergency Department.
    Pediatric emergency care, 2017, Volume: 33, Issue:9

    Topics: Adolescent; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Delirium; Emergency Service, Hospital; Female; Humans; Inject

2017
Paediatric procedural sedation using ketamine in a UK emergency department: a 7 year review of practice.
    British journal of anaesthesia, 2016, Volume: 116, Issue:4

    Topics: Adolescent; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Child; Child, Preschool; Conscious Sedation; Databases, Factu

2016
Caution When Using the Term and Diagnosis of Agitated Delirium.
    Pediatric emergency care, 2016, Volume: 32, Issue:3

    Topics: Delirium; Diagnostic Errors; Emergency Service, Hospital; Humans; Ketamine; Psychomotor Agitation; R

2016
A prospective study of ketamine versus haloperidol for severe prehospital agitation.
    Clinical toxicology (Philadelphia, Pa.), 2016, Volume: 54, Issue:7

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Antipsychotic Agents; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Emergency Service,

2016
Use of Intranasal Ketamine for the Severely Agitated or Violent ED Patient.
    Journal of emergency nursing, 2016, Volume: 42, Issue:3

    Topics: Analgesics; Humans; Ketamine; Psychomotor Agitation

2016
Intubation of Profoundly Agitated Patients Treated with Prehospital Ketamine.
    Prehospital and disaster medicine, 2016, Volume: 31, Issue:6

    Topics: Adult; Emergency Medical Services; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Humans; Intubation, In

2016
Ketamine as a first-line treatment for severely agitated emergency department patients.
    The American journal of emergency medicine, 2017, Volume: 35, Issue:7

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Anesthetics, Dissociative; California; Conscious Sedation; Dose-Response Relation

2017
Intravenous ketamine for adult procedural sedation in the emergency department: a prospective cohort study.
    Emergency medicine journal : EMJ, 2008, Volume: 25, Issue:8

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Blood Pressure; Cohort Studies; Conscious Sedation; Dose-Response Relations

2008
Intravenous ketamine for adult procedural sedation in the emergency department: a prospective cohort study.
    Emergency medicine journal : EMJ, 2008, Volume: 25, Issue:8

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Blood Pressure; Cohort Studies; Conscious Sedation; Dose-Response Relations

2008
Intravenous ketamine for adult procedural sedation in the emergency department: a prospective cohort study.
    Emergency medicine journal : EMJ, 2008, Volume: 25, Issue:8

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Blood Pressure; Cohort Studies; Conscious Sedation; Dose-Response Relations

2008
Intravenous ketamine for adult procedural sedation in the emergency department: a prospective cohort study.
    Emergency medicine journal : EMJ, 2008, Volume: 25, Issue:8

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Blood Pressure; Cohort Studies; Conscious Sedation; Dose-Response Relations

2008
Intravenous ketamine for adult procedural sedation in the emergency department: a prospective cohort study.
    Emergency medicine journal : EMJ, 2008, Volume: 25, Issue:8

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Blood Pressure; Cohort Studies; Conscious Sedation; Dose-Response Relations

2008
Intravenous ketamine for adult procedural sedation in the emergency department: a prospective cohort study.
    Emergency medicine journal : EMJ, 2008, Volume: 25, Issue:8

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Blood Pressure; Cohort Studies; Conscious Sedation; Dose-Response Relations

2008
Intravenous ketamine for adult procedural sedation in the emergency department: a prospective cohort study.
    Emergency medicine journal : EMJ, 2008, Volume: 25, Issue:8

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Blood Pressure; Cohort Studies; Conscious Sedation; Dose-Response Relations

2008
Intravenous ketamine for adult procedural sedation in the emergency department: a prospective cohort study.
    Emergency medicine journal : EMJ, 2008, Volume: 25, Issue:8

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Blood Pressure; Cohort Studies; Conscious Sedation; Dose-Response Relations

2008
Intravenous ketamine for adult procedural sedation in the emergency department: a prospective cohort study.
    Emergency medicine journal : EMJ, 2008, Volume: 25, Issue:8

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Blood Pressure; Cohort Studies; Conscious Sedation; Dose-Response Relations

2008
Intravenous ketamine for adult procedural sedation in the emergency department: a prospective cohort study.
    Emergency medicine journal : EMJ, 2008, Volume: 25, Issue:8

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Blood Pressure; Cohort Studies; Conscious Sedation; Dose-Response Relations

2008
Intravenous ketamine for adult procedural sedation in the emergency department: a prospective cohort study.
    Emergency medicine journal : EMJ, 2008, Volume: 25, Issue:8

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Blood Pressure; Cohort Studies; Conscious Sedation; Dose-Response Relations

2008
Intravenous ketamine for adult procedural sedation in the emergency department: a prospective cohort study.
    Emergency medicine journal : EMJ, 2008, Volume: 25, Issue:8

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Blood Pressure; Cohort Studies; Conscious Sedation; Dose-Response Relations

2008
Intravenous ketamine for adult procedural sedation in the emergency department: a prospective cohort study.
    Emergency medicine journal : EMJ, 2008, Volume: 25, Issue:8

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Blood Pressure; Cohort Studies; Conscious Sedation; Dose-Response Relations

2008
Intravenous ketamine for adult procedural sedation in the emergency department: a prospective cohort study.
    Emergency medicine journal : EMJ, 2008, Volume: 25, Issue:8

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Blood Pressure; Cohort Studies; Conscious Sedation; Dose-Response Relations

2008
Intravenous ketamine for adult procedural sedation in the emergency department: a prospective cohort study.
    Emergency medicine journal : EMJ, 2008, Volume: 25, Issue:8

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Blood Pressure; Cohort Studies; Conscious Sedation; Dose-Response Relations

2008
Intravenous ketamine for adult procedural sedation in the emergency department: a prospective cohort study.
    Emergency medicine journal : EMJ, 2008, Volume: 25, Issue:8

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Blood Pressure; Cohort Studies; Conscious Sedation; Dose-Response Relations

2008
Delayed onset of seizures and toxicity associated with recreational use of Bromo-dragonFLY.
    Journal of medical toxicology : official journal of the American College of Medical Toxicology, 2009, Volume: 5, Issue:4

    Topics: Adolescent; Benzodiazepines; Bromobenzoates; Chromatography, Liquid; Chromatography, Thin Layer; Cri

2009
Sevoflurane-emergence agitation: effect of supplementary low-dose oral ketamine premedication in preschool children undergoing dental surgery.
    European journal of anaesthesiology, 2010, Volume: 27, Issue:4

    Topics: Administration, Oral; Anesthesia Recovery Period; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Anesthetics, Intravenous;

2010
Low-dose S-ketamine added to propofol anesthesia for magnetic resonance imaging in children is safe and ensures faster recovery--a prospective evaluation.
    Paediatric anaesthesia, 2011, Volume: 21, Issue:2

    Topics: Anesthesia, Intravenous; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Child; Child, Preschoo

2011
Ketamine sedation for patients with acute agitation and psychiatric illness requiring aeromedical retrieval.
    Emergency medicine journal : EMJ, 2012, Volume: 29, Issue:4

    Topics: Acute Disease; Adolescent; Adult; Air Ambulances; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Child; Female; Humans;

2012
Prevention of emergence agitation in seven children receiving low-dose ketamine and propofol total intravenous anesthesia.
    AANA journal, 2011, Volume: 79, Issue:3

    Topics: Anesthetics, Dissociative; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Child, Preschool; Drug Interactions; Humans; In

2011
Evaluation of the antipsychotic potential of Panax quinquefolium in ketamine induced experimental psychosis model in mice.
    Neurochemical research, 2012, Volume: 37, Issue:4

    Topics: Animals; Antipsychotic Agents; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Ketamine; Male;

2012
Management of severe postictal agitation after electroconvulsive therapy with bispectrum electroencephalogram index monitoring: a case report.
    The journal of ECT, 2012, Volume: 28, Issue:2

    Topics: Aged; Anesthesia; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Consciousness Monitors; Depressive Disorder, Major; Ele

2012
Reduction of ketamine-induced emergence phenomena by preoperative promethazine.
    Journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery : official journal of the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons, 1982, Volume: 40, Issue:9

    Topics: Child; Child, Preschool; Double-Blind Method; Hallucinations; Humans; Ketamine; Nausea; Promethazine

1982
Intramuscular ketamine, midazolam, and glycopyrrolate for pediatric sedation in the emergency department.
    Journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery : official journal of the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons, 1995, Volume: 53, Issue:1

    Topics: Anesthesia Recovery Period; Anesthesia, Dental; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Child; Child Behavior; Ch

1995