Page last updated: 2024-10-29

ketamine and Back Pain

ketamine has been researched along with Back Pain in 7 studies

Ketamine: A cyclohexanone derivative used for induction of anesthesia. Its mechanism of action is not well understood, but ketamine can block NMDA receptors (RECEPTORS, N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE) and may interact with sigma receptors.
ketamine : A member of the class of cyclohexanones in which one of the hydrogens at position 2 is substituted by a 2-chlorophenyl group, while the other is substituted by a methylamino group.

Back Pain: Acute or chronic pain located in the posterior regions of the THORAX; LUMBOSACRAL REGION; or the adjacent regions.

Research Excerpts

ExcerptRelevanceReference
"Oral Ketamine, an NMDA receptor antagonist, can be used to treat restless legs syndrome."7.71Oral ketamine: a promising treatment for restless legs syndrome. ( Friedman, R; Kapur, N, 2002)
"Ketamine is an N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor antagonist that has been shown to be useful in the reduction of acute postoperative pain and analgesic consumption in a variety of surgical interventions with variable routes of administration."6.75Intraoperative ketamine reduces perioperative opiate consumption in opiate-dependent patients with chronic back pain undergoing back surgery. ( Abdu, WA; Beach, ML; Brown, JR; Clark, JA; Loftus, RW; Sengupta, DK; Yeager, MP, 2010)
", 8 times per day) to intramuscular morphine therapy was undertaken in a 61-year-old man with chronic back pain related to osteoporosis who had received inadequate pain relief from anterior interbody fusion, dorsal column stimulation and morphine alone."5.08Ketamine as an adjunct to morphine in the treatment of pain. ( Cherry, DA; Coates, KR; Gourlay, GK; Odgers, CL; Plummer, JL, 1995)
"The authors treated 9 patients receiving intradiscal electrothermal therapy who were unable to tolerate the latter portion of their heating protocol secondary to axial low back pain despite high doses of opioids, with low dose ketamine."3.72Sedation with ketamine during intradiscal electrothermal therapy. ( Cohen, SP; Larkin, T, 2004)
"Our report describes for the first time the continuous long-term intrathecal application of S(+)-ketamine in a patient with chronic pain and morphine tolerance."3.71The long-term antinociceptive effect of intrathecal S(+)-ketamine in a patient with established morphine tolerance. ( Deusch, E; Kress, HG; Maier, P; Sator-Katzenschlager, S; Spacek, A, 2001)
"Oral Ketamine, an NMDA receptor antagonist, can be used to treat restless legs syndrome."3.71Oral ketamine: a promising treatment for restless legs syndrome. ( Friedman, R; Kapur, N, 2002)
"Ketamine is an N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor antagonist that has been shown to be useful in the reduction of acute postoperative pain and analgesic consumption in a variety of surgical interventions with variable routes of administration."2.75Intraoperative ketamine reduces perioperative opiate consumption in opiate-dependent patients with chronic back pain undergoing back surgery. ( Abdu, WA; Beach, ML; Brown, JR; Clark, JA; Loftus, RW; Sengupta, DK; Yeager, MP, 2010)

Research

Studies (7)

TimeframeStudies, this research(%)All Research%
pre-19900 (0.00)18.7374
1990's1 (14.29)18.2507
2000's5 (71.43)29.6817
2010's1 (14.29)24.3611
2020's0 (0.00)2.80

Authors

AuthorsStudies
Loftus, RW1
Yeager, MP1
Clark, JA1
Brown, JR1
Abdu, WA1
Sengupta, DK1
Beach, ML1
Cohen, SP1
Larkin, T1
Holmfred, A1
Van Zundert, J1
Van Boxem, K1
Cherry, DA1
Plummer, JL1
Gourlay, GK1
Coates, KR1
Odgers, CL1
Sator-Katzenschlager, S1
Deusch, E1
Maier, P1
Spacek, A1
Kress, HG1
Kapur, N1
Friedman, R1

Clinical Trials (8)

Trial Overview

TrialPhaseEnrollmentStudy TypeStart DateStatus
Prospective Randomized Double Blind Study of Intraoperative Dexmedetomidine and Postoperative Pain Control in Patients Undergoing Multi-level Thoraco-lumbar Spine Surgery[NCT01850017]Phase 4142 participants (Actual)Interventional2012-08-31Completed
The Effect of Intraoperative Ketamine on Opioid Consumption and Pain After Spine Surgery in Opioid-dependent Patients[NCT02085577]Phase 4147 participants (Actual)Interventional2014-05-31Completed
A Prospective, Block Randomized, Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial of Ketamine in Patients Undergoing Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion[NCT02378740]Phase 40 participants (Actual)Interventional2015-04-30Withdrawn (stopped due to PI has left the University)
Efficacy of Different Dose Esketamine and Dexmedetomidine Combination for Supplemental Analgesia After Scoliosis Correction Surgery: A Randomized, Double-blind Trial[NCT06062550]Phase 4312 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2023-10-31Not yet recruiting
Impact of Different Dose Esketamine and Dexmedetomidine Combination for Supplemental Analgesia on Long-term Outcomes After Scoliosis Correction Surgery: Follow-up of a Randomized Trial[NCT06087510]Phase 4312 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2024-01-31Not yet recruiting
A Prospective, Randomized, Single Blinded Comparison of Intraoperative Ketamine Infusion Versus Placebo in Patients Having Spinal Fusion[NCT02424591]Phase 446 participants (Actual)Interventional2014-08-31Completed
Effect of Mini-dose Esketamine-dexmedetomidine Supplemented Analgesia on Long-term Outcomes Following Scoliosis Correction Surgery: 2-year Follow-up of a Randomized Controlled Trial[NCT05718544]Phase 4199 participants (Actual)Interventional2023-01-30Active, not recruiting
Study of the Efficiency of the Ketamine With Low Analgesic Doses, in Association With High Opioids, in the Treatment of the Rebels Pains, in Palliative Phase of the Cancerous Disease[NCT01326325]Phase 324 participants (Actual)Interventional2011-07-31Completed
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

Trial Outcomes

Beck's Depression Inventory

"Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI) is a 21-item, self-report rating inventory that measures attitudes and symptoms of depression. Each sentence has a rating from 0 to 3 and the sentences go from mild to fairly severe descriptions of moods. The numbers are tabulated, the lowest possible score is 0 and the highest is 63.~A score of 1-10 indicates normal ups and downs. 11-16 indicates a mild mood disturbance; 17-20, borderline clinical depression; 21-30, moderate depression; 31-40, severe depression; over 40, extreme depression" (NCT02424591)
Timeframe: Post-op Day 3

Interventionpoints (Median)
Ketamine8
Placebo9

Pain Score

"McGill Short Form measures pain in different ways. The first part of the form lists 15 adjectives for pain, for which the answers can be none (0), Mild (1), Moderate (2) and Severe (3). Descriptors 1-11 represent the sensory dimension of pain experience and 12-15 represent the affective dimension. A score of 0 is good, and a score of 45 indicates extreme pain. The lower the score the less pain a subject feels (better), as the scores go up, so do the pain levels (worse).~PPI (Present Pain Intensity) asks patients to measure pain from 0 (no pain) to 5 (excruciating). Again, a lower score is ideal." (NCT02424591)
Timeframe: Post-op Day 3

Interventionpoints (Median)
Ketamine11
Placebo10.5

Scores on Questionnaires

Quality of Recovery 15 questions questionnaires that ask, on a scale of 0-10, with 0 always being bad and 10 always being best, how the patient is recovering. The total number is reviewed, so the highest total score possible is 150 and the lowest is 0. (NCT02424591)
Timeframe: Post-op Day 3

Interventionpoints (Median)
Ketamine95
Placebo101

Trials

2 trials available for ketamine and Back Pain

ArticleYear
Intraoperative ketamine reduces perioperative opiate consumption in opiate-dependent patients with chronic back pain undergoing back surgery.
    Anesthesiology, 2010, Volume: 113, Issue:3

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Analgesics, Opioid; Back Pain; Chronic Disease; Double-Blind Method; Elective Surgical

2010
Intraoperative ketamine reduces perioperative opiate consumption in opiate-dependent patients with chronic back pain undergoing back surgery.
    Anesthesiology, 2010, Volume: 113, Issue:3

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Analgesics, Opioid; Back Pain; Chronic Disease; Double-Blind Method; Elective Surgical

2010
Intraoperative ketamine reduces perioperative opiate consumption in opiate-dependent patients with chronic back pain undergoing back surgery.
    Anesthesiology, 2010, Volume: 113, Issue:3

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Analgesics, Opioid; Back Pain; Chronic Disease; Double-Blind Method; Elective Surgical

2010
Intraoperative ketamine reduces perioperative opiate consumption in opiate-dependent patients with chronic back pain undergoing back surgery.
    Anesthesiology, 2010, Volume: 113, Issue:3

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Analgesics, Opioid; Back Pain; Chronic Disease; Double-Blind Method; Elective Surgical

2010
Intraoperative ketamine reduces perioperative opiate consumption in opiate-dependent patients with chronic back pain undergoing back surgery.
    Anesthesiology, 2010, Volume: 113, Issue:3

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Analgesics, Opioid; Back Pain; Chronic Disease; Double-Blind Method; Elective Surgical

2010
Intraoperative ketamine reduces perioperative opiate consumption in opiate-dependent patients with chronic back pain undergoing back surgery.
    Anesthesiology, 2010, Volume: 113, Issue:3

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Analgesics, Opioid; Back Pain; Chronic Disease; Double-Blind Method; Elective Surgical

2010
Intraoperative ketamine reduces perioperative opiate consumption in opiate-dependent patients with chronic back pain undergoing back surgery.
    Anesthesiology, 2010, Volume: 113, Issue:3

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Analgesics, Opioid; Back Pain; Chronic Disease; Double-Blind Method; Elective Surgical

2010
Intraoperative ketamine reduces perioperative opiate consumption in opiate-dependent patients with chronic back pain undergoing back surgery.
    Anesthesiology, 2010, Volume: 113, Issue:3

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Analgesics, Opioid; Back Pain; Chronic Disease; Double-Blind Method; Elective Surgical

2010
Intraoperative ketamine reduces perioperative opiate consumption in opiate-dependent patients with chronic back pain undergoing back surgery.
    Anesthesiology, 2010, Volume: 113, Issue:3

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Analgesics, Opioid; Back Pain; Chronic Disease; Double-Blind Method; Elective Surgical

2010
Intraoperative ketamine reduces perioperative opiate consumption in opiate-dependent patients with chronic back pain undergoing back surgery.
    Anesthesiology, 2010, Volume: 113, Issue:3

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Analgesics, Opioid; Back Pain; Chronic Disease; Double-Blind Method; Elective Surgical

2010
Intraoperative ketamine reduces perioperative opiate consumption in opiate-dependent patients with chronic back pain undergoing back surgery.
    Anesthesiology, 2010, Volume: 113, Issue:3

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Analgesics, Opioid; Back Pain; Chronic Disease; Double-Blind Method; Elective Surgical

2010
Intraoperative ketamine reduces perioperative opiate consumption in opiate-dependent patients with chronic back pain undergoing back surgery.
    Anesthesiology, 2010, Volume: 113, Issue:3

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Analgesics, Opioid; Back Pain; Chronic Disease; Double-Blind Method; Elective Surgical

2010
Intraoperative ketamine reduces perioperative opiate consumption in opiate-dependent patients with chronic back pain undergoing back surgery.
    Anesthesiology, 2010, Volume: 113, Issue:3

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Analgesics, Opioid; Back Pain; Chronic Disease; Double-Blind Method; Elective Surgical

2010
Intraoperative ketamine reduces perioperative opiate consumption in opiate-dependent patients with chronic back pain undergoing back surgery.
    Anesthesiology, 2010, Volume: 113, Issue:3

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Analgesics, Opioid; Back Pain; Chronic Disease; Double-Blind Method; Elective Surgical

2010
Intraoperative ketamine reduces perioperative opiate consumption in opiate-dependent patients with chronic back pain undergoing back surgery.
    Anesthesiology, 2010, Volume: 113, Issue:3

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Analgesics, Opioid; Back Pain; Chronic Disease; Double-Blind Method; Elective Surgical

2010
Intraoperative ketamine reduces perioperative opiate consumption in opiate-dependent patients with chronic back pain undergoing back surgery.
    Anesthesiology, 2010, Volume: 113, Issue:3

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Analgesics, Opioid; Back Pain; Chronic Disease; Double-Blind Method; Elective Surgical

2010
Intraoperative ketamine reduces perioperative opiate consumption in opiate-dependent patients with chronic back pain undergoing back surgery.
    Anesthesiology, 2010, Volume: 113, Issue:3

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Analgesics, Opioid; Back Pain; Chronic Disease; Double-Blind Method; Elective Surgical

2010
Intraoperative ketamine reduces perioperative opiate consumption in opiate-dependent patients with chronic back pain undergoing back surgery.
    Anesthesiology, 2010, Volume: 113, Issue:3

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Analgesics, Opioid; Back Pain; Chronic Disease; Double-Blind Method; Elective Surgical

2010
Intraoperative ketamine reduces perioperative opiate consumption in opiate-dependent patients with chronic back pain undergoing back surgery.
    Anesthesiology, 2010, Volume: 113, Issue:3

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Analgesics, Opioid; Back Pain; Chronic Disease; Double-Blind Method; Elective Surgical

2010
Intraoperative ketamine reduces perioperative opiate consumption in opiate-dependent patients with chronic back pain undergoing back surgery.
    Anesthesiology, 2010, Volume: 113, Issue:3

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Analgesics, Opioid; Back Pain; Chronic Disease; Double-Blind Method; Elective Surgical

2010
Intraoperative ketamine reduces perioperative opiate consumption in opiate-dependent patients with chronic back pain undergoing back surgery.
    Anesthesiology, 2010, Volume: 113, Issue:3

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Analgesics, Opioid; Back Pain; Chronic Disease; Double-Blind Method; Elective Surgical

2010
Intraoperative ketamine reduces perioperative opiate consumption in opiate-dependent patients with chronic back pain undergoing back surgery.
    Anesthesiology, 2010, Volume: 113, Issue:3

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Analgesics, Opioid; Back Pain; Chronic Disease; Double-Blind Method; Elective Surgical

2010
Intraoperative ketamine reduces perioperative opiate consumption in opiate-dependent patients with chronic back pain undergoing back surgery.
    Anesthesiology, 2010, Volume: 113, Issue:3

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Analgesics, Opioid; Back Pain; Chronic Disease; Double-Blind Method; Elective Surgical

2010
Intraoperative ketamine reduces perioperative opiate consumption in opiate-dependent patients with chronic back pain undergoing back surgery.
    Anesthesiology, 2010, Volume: 113, Issue:3

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Analgesics, Opioid; Back Pain; Chronic Disease; Double-Blind Method; Elective Surgical

2010
Intraoperative ketamine reduces perioperative opiate consumption in opiate-dependent patients with chronic back pain undergoing back surgery.
    Anesthesiology, 2010, Volume: 113, Issue:3

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Analgesics, Opioid; Back Pain; Chronic Disease; Double-Blind Method; Elective Surgical

2010
Intraoperative ketamine reduces perioperative opiate consumption in opiate-dependent patients with chronic back pain undergoing back surgery.
    Anesthesiology, 2010, Volume: 113, Issue:3

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Analgesics, Opioid; Back Pain; Chronic Disease; Double-Blind Method; Elective Surgical

2010
Intraoperative ketamine reduces perioperative opiate consumption in opiate-dependent patients with chronic back pain undergoing back surgery.
    Anesthesiology, 2010, Volume: 113, Issue:3

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Analgesics, Opioid; Back Pain; Chronic Disease; Double-Blind Method; Elective Surgical

2010
Intraoperative ketamine reduces perioperative opiate consumption in opiate-dependent patients with chronic back pain undergoing back surgery.
    Anesthesiology, 2010, Volume: 113, Issue:3

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Analgesics, Opioid; Back Pain; Chronic Disease; Double-Blind Method; Elective Surgical

2010
Intraoperative ketamine reduces perioperative opiate consumption in opiate-dependent patients with chronic back pain undergoing back surgery.
    Anesthesiology, 2010, Volume: 113, Issue:3

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Analgesics, Opioid; Back Pain; Chronic Disease; Double-Blind Method; Elective Surgical

2010
Intraoperative ketamine reduces perioperative opiate consumption in opiate-dependent patients with chronic back pain undergoing back surgery.
    Anesthesiology, 2010, Volume: 113, Issue:3

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Analgesics, Opioid; Back Pain; Chronic Disease; Double-Blind Method; Elective Surgical

2010
Intraoperative ketamine reduces perioperative opiate consumption in opiate-dependent patients with chronic back pain undergoing back surgery.
    Anesthesiology, 2010, Volume: 113, Issue:3

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Analgesics, Opioid; Back Pain; Chronic Disease; Double-Blind Method; Elective Surgical

2010
Intraoperative ketamine reduces perioperative opiate consumption in opiate-dependent patients with chronic back pain undergoing back surgery.
    Anesthesiology, 2010, Volume: 113, Issue:3

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Analgesics, Opioid; Back Pain; Chronic Disease; Double-Blind Method; Elective Surgical

2010
Intraoperative ketamine reduces perioperative opiate consumption in opiate-dependent patients with chronic back pain undergoing back surgery.
    Anesthesiology, 2010, Volume: 113, Issue:3

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Analgesics, Opioid; Back Pain; Chronic Disease; Double-Blind Method; Elective Surgical

2010
Intraoperative ketamine reduces perioperative opiate consumption in opiate-dependent patients with chronic back pain undergoing back surgery.
    Anesthesiology, 2010, Volume: 113, Issue:3

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Analgesics, Opioid; Back Pain; Chronic Disease; Double-Blind Method; Elective Surgical

2010
Intraoperative ketamine reduces perioperative opiate consumption in opiate-dependent patients with chronic back pain undergoing back surgery.
    Anesthesiology, 2010, Volume: 113, Issue:3

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Analgesics, Opioid; Back Pain; Chronic Disease; Double-Blind Method; Elective Surgical

2010
Intraoperative ketamine reduces perioperative opiate consumption in opiate-dependent patients with chronic back pain undergoing back surgery.
    Anesthesiology, 2010, Volume: 113, Issue:3

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Analgesics, Opioid; Back Pain; Chronic Disease; Double-Blind Method; Elective Surgical

2010
Intraoperative ketamine reduces perioperative opiate consumption in opiate-dependent patients with chronic back pain undergoing back surgery.
    Anesthesiology, 2010, Volume: 113, Issue:3

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Analgesics, Opioid; Back Pain; Chronic Disease; Double-Blind Method; Elective Surgical

2010
Intraoperative ketamine reduces perioperative opiate consumption in opiate-dependent patients with chronic back pain undergoing back surgery.
    Anesthesiology, 2010, Volume: 113, Issue:3

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Analgesics, Opioid; Back Pain; Chronic Disease; Double-Blind Method; Elective Surgical

2010
Intraoperative ketamine reduces perioperative opiate consumption in opiate-dependent patients with chronic back pain undergoing back surgery.
    Anesthesiology, 2010, Volume: 113, Issue:3

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Analgesics, Opioid; Back Pain; Chronic Disease; Double-Blind Method; Elective Surgical

2010
Intraoperative ketamine reduces perioperative opiate consumption in opiate-dependent patients with chronic back pain undergoing back surgery.
    Anesthesiology, 2010, Volume: 113, Issue:3

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Analgesics, Opioid; Back Pain; Chronic Disease; Double-Blind Method; Elective Surgical

2010
Intraoperative ketamine reduces perioperative opiate consumption in opiate-dependent patients with chronic back pain undergoing back surgery.
    Anesthesiology, 2010, Volume: 113, Issue:3

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Analgesics, Opioid; Back Pain; Chronic Disease; Double-Blind Method; Elective Surgical

2010
Intraoperative ketamine reduces perioperative opiate consumption in opiate-dependent patients with chronic back pain undergoing back surgery.
    Anesthesiology, 2010, Volume: 113, Issue:3

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Analgesics, Opioid; Back Pain; Chronic Disease; Double-Blind Method; Elective Surgical

2010
Intraoperative ketamine reduces perioperative opiate consumption in opiate-dependent patients with chronic back pain undergoing back surgery.
    Anesthesiology, 2010, Volume: 113, Issue:3

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Analgesics, Opioid; Back Pain; Chronic Disease; Double-Blind Method; Elective Surgical

2010
Intraoperative ketamine reduces perioperative opiate consumption in opiate-dependent patients with chronic back pain undergoing back surgery.
    Anesthesiology, 2010, Volume: 113, Issue:3

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Analgesics, Opioid; Back Pain; Chronic Disease; Double-Blind Method; Elective Surgical

2010
Intraoperative ketamine reduces perioperative opiate consumption in opiate-dependent patients with chronic back pain undergoing back surgery.
    Anesthesiology, 2010, Volume: 113, Issue:3

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Analgesics, Opioid; Back Pain; Chronic Disease; Double-Blind Method; Elective Surgical

2010
Intraoperative ketamine reduces perioperative opiate consumption in opiate-dependent patients with chronic back pain undergoing back surgery.
    Anesthesiology, 2010, Volume: 113, Issue:3

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Analgesics, Opioid; Back Pain; Chronic Disease; Double-Blind Method; Elective Surgical

2010
Intraoperative ketamine reduces perioperative opiate consumption in opiate-dependent patients with chronic back pain undergoing back surgery.
    Anesthesiology, 2010, Volume: 113, Issue:3

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Analgesics, Opioid; Back Pain; Chronic Disease; Double-Blind Method; Elective Surgical

2010
Intraoperative ketamine reduces perioperative opiate consumption in opiate-dependent patients with chronic back pain undergoing back surgery.
    Anesthesiology, 2010, Volume: 113, Issue:3

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Analgesics, Opioid; Back Pain; Chronic Disease; Double-Blind Method; Elective Surgical

2010
Intraoperative ketamine reduces perioperative opiate consumption in opiate-dependent patients with chronic back pain undergoing back surgery.
    Anesthesiology, 2010, Volume: 113, Issue:3

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Analgesics, Opioid; Back Pain; Chronic Disease; Double-Blind Method; Elective Surgical

2010
Ketamine as an adjunct to morphine in the treatment of pain.
    Pain, 1995, Volume: 62, Issue:1

    Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Back Pain; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug The

1995

Other Studies

5 other studies available for ketamine and Back Pain

ArticleYear
Sedation with ketamine during intradiscal electrothermal therapy.
    Spine, 2004, Jul-15, Volume: 29, Issue:14

    Topics: Adult; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; Analgesics, Opioid; Back Pain; Conscious Sedation; Dose-Response Re

2004
Failed intrathecal analgesia following severe, terminal cancer pain.
    Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica, 2004, Volume: 48, Issue:6

    Topics: Amines; Analgesics; Anesthetics, Local; Back Pain; Bupivacaine; Catheterization; Clonidine; Cyclohex

2004
World Institute of Pain (WIP)--Fourth World Congress.
    IDrugs : the investigational drugs journal, 2007, Volume: 10, Issue:12

    Topics: Animals; Back Pain; Clinical Trials as Topic; Humans; Ketamine; Neoplasms; Pain; Pain Management; Ra

2007
The long-term antinociceptive effect of intrathecal S(+)-ketamine in a patient with established morphine tolerance.
    Anesthesia and analgesia, 2001, Volume: 93, Issue:4

    Topics: Analgesics; Analgesics, Opioid; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Back Pain; Drug Tolerance; Female; Humans

2001
Oral ketamine: a promising treatment for restless legs syndrome.
    Anesthesia and analgesia, 2002, Volume: 94, Issue:6

    Topics: Administration, Oral; Aged; Back Pain; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Humans; Intermitte

2002