kaolinite and Thrombophlebitis

The presence of the lupus anticoagulant was diagnosed in six pregnant women because they had prolonged activated partial thromboplastin and kaolin clotting times which could not be corrected by dilution of test samples with normal plasma. All previous pregnancies (14) had ended in intrauterine death in the five multigravidas. Three women had had thrombotic episodes during pregnancy. The diagnosis of SLE was established in four. Antinuclear antibody was identifiable in all 6. All were treated with prednisone 40-60 mg/day and aspirin 75 mg/day. Suppression of the lupus anticoagulant activity was achieved in five patients, all of whom gave birth to live infants. In the sixth patient suppression of the anticoagulant activity was demonstrated between pregnancies; a further pregnancy in this patient was lost before she had received sufficient prednisone to suppress the anticoagulant. Since treatment with prednisone and aspirin can lead to successful pregnancies, it is important to screen all women with SLE, thrombotic episodes, recurrent intrauterine deaths, or a biologically false-positive VDRL for the presence of the lupus anticoagulant.

Topics: Adult; Antibodies, Antinuclear; Aspirin; Blood Coagulation Disorders; Blood Coagulation Factors; Female; Fetal Death; Humans; Immunoglobulins; Kaolin; Lupus Coagulation Inhibitor; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Partial Thromboplastin Time; Platelet Count; Prednisone; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications, Hematologic; Pregnancy, Multiple; Thrombophlebitis

The lupus anticoagulant was identified in three patients. Laboratory studies gave evidence of inhibitory activity directed against phospholipid and prekallikrein. Inhibition of prekallikrein has not been reported previously. When exposed to kaolin, all three patients' plasmas failed to develop the level of fibrinolytic activity achieved by similarly treated normal plasma. The data suggest that compromised fibrinolytic capacity may be a contributing factor in the development of thrombosis in patients with the lupus anticoagulant.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Autoimmune Diseases; Blood Coagulation Factors; Female; Femoral Vein; Fibrinolysis; Humans; Kallikreins; Kaolin; Lupus Coagulation Inhibitor; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Phospholipids; Prekallikrein; Procainamide; Thrombophlebitis

A quantitative model of stasis-type of venous thrombosis in rats is described. The ligated bowel loop was used after provocation by an injection of kaolin. The mesenteric vessels of the loop were cut in a dish filled with distilled water and the extinction of escaped haemoglobin was measured photometrically. Heparin was highly effective in this model. Vessel wall lesion may be used or inducing thrombosis instead of kaolin.

Topics: Acute Disease; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Hemoglobins; Heparin; Kaolin; Ligation; Rats; Thrombophlebitis

Topics: Animals; Blood Coagulation; Blood Coagulation Factors; Coronary Disease; Fibrinolysin; Fibrinolysis; Heparin Antagonists; Injections, Intravenous; Kaolin; Mercury; Rabbits; Streptokinase; Thrombin; Thromboembolism; Thrombophlebitis; Thrombosis

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Blood Coagulation Disorders; Blood Coagulation Factors; Child; Child, Preschool; Factor VII; Factor VIII; Factor XIII; Female; Humans; Infant; Kaolin; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin; Male; Prothrombin Time; Pulmonary Embolism; Thrombocytopenia; Thrombophlebitis; Thromboplastin; Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome

Topics: Animals; Blood Coagulation Tests; Dextrans; Endotoxins; Factor IX; Factor XI; Factor XII; Heparin; Kaolin; Rabbits; Sodium Chloride; Thromboembolism; Thrombophlebitis