kaolinite and Pleurisy

The role of des-Arg9-bradykinin (des-Arg9-BK) and kinin B1 receptor in the plasma extravasation of rat carrageenin-induced pleurisy was investigated employing B1 receptor agonist and antagonists and kininogen-deficient rats. Expression of the B1 receptor mRNA in pleura was induced from 3 to 5 h after the injection of carrageenin into the pleural cavity of Sprague-Dawley rats. Exogenous injection of des-Arg9-BK into the pleural cavity provoked a significant increase in plasma extravasation in 5 h carrageenin-induced pleurisy, but not in 20 min kaolin-induced pleurisy. The level of immunoreactive des-Arg9-BK in the exudate of 5 h carrageenin-induced pleurisy was higher than that of bradykinin (BK). Administration of the B1 receptor antagonists, des-Arg9-[Leu8]-BK or des-Arg9-D-Arg-[Hyp3, Thi5, D-Tic7,Oic8]-BK significantly reduced the exudation rate. However, intrapleural administration of des-Arg9-BK to plasma kininogen-deficient. Brown Norway-Katholiek rats did not result in a further increase in the plasma extravasation. In conclusion, endogenously generated des-Arg9-BK could contribute to the plasma extravasation in carrageenin-induced pleurisy via mediation of the inducible B1 receptor.

Topics: Animals; Antidiarrheals; Bradykinin; Bradykinin Receptor Antagonists; Carrageenan; Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors; Disease Models, Animal; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Kaolin; Kininogens; Male; Mice; Plasma; Pleura; Pleurisy; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptor, Bradykinin B1; Receptors, Bradykinin; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; RNA, Messenger

Topics: Animals; Bradykinin; Captopril; Exudates and Transudates; Histamine Release; Indomethacin; Kaolin; Kinins; Male; Pleurisy; Prostaglandins; Radioimmunoassay; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Thromboxane B2

Pleurisy was induced in rats by an intrapleural injection of 0.5 ml of 1% kaolin. The exudation of plasma into the pleural cavity showed two peaks at 20 min and 3-5 h after the kaolin injection. The volume of the pleural fluid increased gradually up to 5 h. The effects of treatment with mepyramine, methysergide, captopril, bromelain and indomethacin suggested that the early phase (20 min) of exudation was mediated mainly by kinins, histamine and 5-HT, and that the late phase (3 h) was mediated by prostaglandins (PGs) and possibly kinins. We measured the levels of histamine, kinin and PG in the pleural exudate to verify the involvement of the mediators mentioned above. Intracellular histamine levels decreased markedly and extracellular histamine levels increased significantly 20 min after the induction of kaolin pleurisy. Only threshold levels of kinin were detected after the induction of pleurisy. Captopril treatment, however, increased kinin levels which peaked at 20 min and decreased rapidly thereafter. Levels of 6-keto-PGF1 alpha and thromboxane B2 showed a peak at 20 min, whereas levels of PGE2 increased gradually from 20 min to 5 h. These results indicate that kaolin-induced pleurisy is a kinin-related inflammation and could be used as a model for studying the in vivo interaction of the kallikrein-kinin system and PGs at inflammatory sites.

Topics: Animals; Bromelains; Captopril; Exudates and Transudates; Histamine; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Indomethacin; Kaolin; Kinins; Male; Methysergide; Pleurisy; Pyrilamine; Radioimmunoassay; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Thromboxane B2; Time Factors

Experimental pleurisy was induced by intrapleural injection of carrageenin or kaolin in three strains of rat: Brown Norway-Katholiek (B/N-Ka), Brown Norway-Kitasato (B/N-Ki) and Sprague-Dawley (SD). B/N-Ka rats (kininogen-deficient) showed significantly less pleural fluid accumulation and exudation rate than SD rats or than B/N-Ki rats (normal). The result indicates the involvement of the plasma kallikrein-kinin system in these pleurisies and a role of high-molecular-weight kininogen is suggested.

Topics: Acute Disease; Aging; Animals; Body Weight; Carrageenan; Inflammation; Kallikreins; Kaolin; Kininogens; Kinins; Organ Size; Pleurisy; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Species Specificity; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate

Rat pleurisy was induced by intrapleural injection of 0.1 ml of 1% kaolin or 1% croton oil, and the time courses of pleural fluid accumulation and white cell migration were examined. Peak pleural fluid accumulation was observed at respectively 5 and 16 h after the inciter injection. Migration of white cells into the pleural cavity showed a peak at respectively 7 or 24 h after each inciter. Polymorphonuclear leukocytes were predominant in pleural cells of kaolin pleurisy at 3 h, while in croton-oil pleurisy the major white cells were mononuclear cells and lymphocytes at 3 h, and polymorphonuclear leukocytes appeared later around 16 h. Pretreatment with several agents modified both types of induced pleurisy. Kaolin pleurisy at 3 h was suppressed by indomethacin, mefenamic acid, paramethasone, bromelain and soy-bean trypsin inhibitor, while croton oil pleurisy at 3 h was suppressed significantly by indomethacin and paramethasone.

Topics: Animals; Bromelains; Croton Oil; Indomethacin; Kaolin; Male; Mefenamic Acid; Paramethasone; Pleurisy; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains

The mild analgesic activities of aspirin, phenacetin and acetaminophen have been compared in the trypsin, kaolin and carrageenan hyperalgesic assays as well as in the acetic acid writhing test. The trypsin and kaolin hyperalgesic assays were designed to be unaffected by drugs with anti-inflammatory activity. Aspirin and acetaminophen were inactive in these two tests at dose levels devoid of side effects. Phenacetin was active in the trypsin and kaolin assays with oral ED50's of 114 +/- 36.2 and 107 +/- 11.5 mg/kg, respectively. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs as well as phenacetin and acetaminophen were active in the acetic acid writhing and carrageenan hyperalgesic assays. This led to evaluation of phenacetin and acetaminophen as anti-inflammatory agents. Both of these latter drugs were active in the carrageenan pleurisy and adjuvant arthritis models of inflammation. In all studies phenacetin was equipotent to or more potent than acetaminophen. The data suggest that the analgesia produced by aspirin and acetaminophen results from their anti-inflammatory activity whereas the analgesia produced by phenacetin has two components, one dependent on and one independent of anti-inflammatory activity.

Topics: Acetaminophen; Acetates; Analgesics; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Arthritis; Aspirin; Carrageenan; Kaolin; Male; Models, Biological; Pain; Phenacetin; Pleurisy; Rats; Trypsin

Topics: Animals; Anthelmintics; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Arthritis; Disease Models, Animal; Dracunculiasis; Edema; Imidazoles; Kaolin; Niridazole; Pleurisy; Rats; Thiazoles; Turpentine

Topics: Animals; Anthracenes; Arthritis; Carrageenan; Chlorpromazine; Diazepam; Edema; Foot; Hindlimb; Inflammation; Kaolin; Male; Pleurisy; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Tranquilizing Agents; Turpentine

Topics: Allopurinol; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Arthritis; Edema; Kaolin; Male; Models, Biological; Pleurisy; Rats; Turpentine; Xanthine Oxidase

Topics: Kaolin; Pleural Cavity; Pleurisy; Pneumothorax; Pneumothorax, Artificial; Tuberculosis; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary