isoprodian and Tuberculosis--Pulmonary

Three regimens of 9 months' duration, 2 containing Isoprodian (isoniazid, prothionamide and dapsone) and either rifampicin or pyrazinamide and the third, a former standard regimen, isoniazid, streptomycin and pyrazinamide, were allocated at random to 436 untreated African tuberculosis patients. In the course of the trial 83 were excluded for various reasons and 93 were lost. After 3 months of hospitalization, patients took either Isoprodian or isoniazid at home for 6 months and were then followed up for 24 months. The Isoprodian plus rifampicin regimen achieved 97% bacteriological cure, the Isoprodian plus pyrazinamide regimen 86% and the standard regimen 91%. Of 35 patients found to harbour drug-resistant strains 22 were cured. There were 15 relapses in all. Absconding was the most common cause of failure.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Antitubercular Agents; Clinical Trials as Topic; Dapsone; Drug Combinations; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Isoniazid; Male; Middle Aged; Patient Compliance; Prothionamide; Pyrazinamide; Radiography; Recurrence; Rifampin; Sputum; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary

Topics: Adult; Antitubercular Agents; Child; Clinical Trials as Topic; Dapsone; Drug Combinations; Humans; Isoniazid; Isonicotinic Acids; Prothionamide; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary

Topics: Adult; Aged; Antitubercular Agents; Dapsone; Drug Combinations; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Isoniazid; Isonicotinic Acids; Male; Middle Aged; Prothionamide; Pyrazinamide; Radiography; Rifampin; Sputum; Time Factors; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary

Three different partly intermittent regimens were evaluated in order to assess the value of rifampicin (RMP) in the continuation phase of treatment for tuberculosis. Patients suffering from newly diagnosed culture-positive pulmonary tuberculosis were admitted to the trial. All were initially treated daily for 8 weeks with a quadruple combination including RMP. The intensive treatment phase was followed by twice-weekly intermittent treatment for 16 weeks with one of three different combinations, one containing RMP. Of 246 patients, 85 were withdrawn, 7 because of adverse events. At the end of treatment 127 of 135 patients (94,1%) from whom sputum results could be obtained, had negative sputum cultures, and 6 had one colony growth. Of 42 patients who had one or more positive sputum cultures during follow-up of 96 weeks, 6 belonged to the RMP group compared with 20 and 16 of the other groups (P = 0,0244). The results indicate that a combined daily/intermittent regimen containing RMP in both phases can be safely used, whereas a similar regimen with the same duration but not including RMP in the continuation phase, is inferior.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Antitubercular Agents; Dapsone; Drug Combinations; Drug Evaluation; Drug Therapy, Combination; Ethambutol; Female; Humans; Isoniazid; Male; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Middle Aged; Prothionamide; Pyrazinamide; Rifampin; Sputum; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary

A group of 150 patients with sputum-positive pulmonary tuberculosis was treated with a regimen containing only orally administered drugs. Rifampicin and pyrazinamide were combined with Isoprodian, which contains isoniazid and also prothionamide and diaphenylsulphone. All the drugs were given daily for 5 months. Early analysis of the results shows 5 treatment failures, 27 relapses of pulmonary tuberculosis and another 17 patients who did not complete the prescribed regimen.

Topics: Administration, Oral; Antitubercular Agents; Dapsone; Drug Combinations; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Isoniazid; Isonicotinic Acids; Male; Patient Compliance; Prothionamide; Pyrazinamide; Rifampin; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary