isobornyl-acrylate and Diabetes-Mellitus--Type-2

Topics: Acrylates; Adhesives; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring; Camphanes; Dermatitis, Allergic Contact; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Humans; Insulin Infusion Systems; Patch Tests

Topics: Acrylates; Allergens; Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring; Camphanes; Dermatitis, Allergic Contact; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Female; Humans; Middle Aged

Several cases of allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) to the glucose sensor FreeStyle Libre have been reported. Isobornyl acrylate (IBOA) and N,N-dimethylacrylamide (DMAA) are known culprit allergens.. To evaluate patients with suspected ACD to FreeStyle Libre in a standardized manner, present causative allergens, and assess patient-reported implications.. A total of 15 patients with suspected ACD to FreeStyle Libre were patch tested with the Swedish baseline series and a new medical device series. IBOA and DMAA were tested at 0.1% and 0.3% in petrolatum (pet.). Readings were performed on day (D) 3 and D7. Background data, details on skin reactions, and associated implications were assessed using a questionnaire.. Thirteen patients were sensitized to IBOA and four to DMAA. Two positive reactions to IBOA and one to DMAA were seen only at 0.3% concentration on D7. Median duration of sensor use before dermatitis onset was 6 months. Half the number of the patients took precautions in everyday life due to sensor-related skin reactions. Six patients discontinued sensor usage.. Patients with suspected ACD to glucose sensors should be evaluated with a relevant patch test series containing IBOA and DMAA. Adding the 0.3% pet. concentration is recommended. The reading on D7 is necessary.

Topics: Acrylamides; Acrylates; Administration, Cutaneous; Adult; Allergens; Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring; Camphanes; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Female; Humans; Male; Patch Tests

Glucose sensors, such as FreeStyle® Libre, are innovative medical devices developed for diabetes patients as a replacement for classic glucose meters, ensuring continuous glucose monitoring without the disadvantage of regular skin finger pricks.. To report several cases of allergic contact dermatitis caused by FreeStyle® Libre, and to report on isobornyl acrylate as a culprit allergen.. Fifteen patients presented with allergic contact dermatitis caused by FreeStyle® Libre. All but 1 were patch tested with a baseline series, and with pieces and/or ultrasonic bath extracts of (the adhesive part of) the glucose sensor. Isobornyl acrylate was patch tested, in various concentrations and vehicles, in 13 patients. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) of the sensors was performed.. All patients reacted to the adhesive part of the sensor, and 12 patients were shown to be sensitized to isobornyl acrylate. Simultaneous reactions to other allergens were rarely observed. GC-MS showed the presence of isobornyl acrylate in the sensors.. Cases of allergic contact dermatitis caused by FreeStyle® Libre are increasingly being observed, and isobornyl acrylate is a relevant culprit allergen. Cross-reactivity to other acrylates was infrequently observed, but other, hitherto unidentified, contact allergens may still be present in the device.

Topics: Acrylates; Administration, Cutaneous; Blood Glucose; Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring; Camphanes; Dermatitis, Allergic Contact; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Humans