iothalamate-meglumine and Drug-Hypersensitivity

Topics: Aged; Contrast Media; Drug Hypersensitivity; Eosinophilia; Female; Humans; Iothalamate Meglumine; Myocardial Infarction; Syndrome

Topics: Abdominal Pain; Adult; Colonic Diseases; Contrast Media; Drug Hypersensitivity; Edema; Female; Humans; Iothalamate Meglumine; Recurrence; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

This study was conducted to determine the epidemiological characteristics and clinical presentation of adverse reactions to intravenous radiocontrast media (CM) in patients of Indian origin. 379 of 1798 patients who received either sodium iothalamate or sodium meglumine diatrizoate developed adverse reactions (i.e. 21.08% of patients). The incidence of mild, moderate and severe adverse reactions were 19.47%, 1.33% and 0.28%, respectively. One patient who developed a severe reaction expired. There were no differences in the incidence of adverse reactions according to gender (males 21.2%; females 20.8%; p = 0.907) or age (p = 0.876). The incidence of adverse reactions was significantly higher in patients with a history of previous reactions (45.5%) than in those with no history (20.9%; p = 0.046). The incidence of reactions was also significantly higher in patients with a history of predisposing factors such as bronchial asthma (69.2%) and diabetes mellitus (60.0%) than in those without such a history (20.6%; p = 0). The incidence of adverse reactions in patients who received premedication prior to CM administration because of a history of predisposing factors (21.4%) was not significantly different from that in patients who were not premedicated (21.2%; p = 0.974), a result probably due to inadequate premedication used in the study. The skin was the most commonly affected site of reaction.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Chi-Square Distribution; Child; Child, Preschool; Contrast Media; Diatrizoate Meglumine; Drug Hypersensitivity; Female; Humans; Incidence; India; Infant; Iothalamate Meglumine; Male; Middle Aged; Premedication; Risk Factors; White People

Topics: Anaphylaxis; Animals; Blood Pressure; Contrast Media; Drug Hypersensitivity; Homeostasis; Iothalamate Meglumine; Lethal Dose 50; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Rats; Rats, Inbred BN; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

A rare case of anaphylaxis to iodinated contrast media is reported. The patient underwent two anaphylactic shocks to intravenous administration of radiocontrast agents. Specific IgE were suspected on the basis of positivity of intradermal tests and human basophil degranulation tests. The passive sensitization of basophils from donors was performed, comparing native and heated serum. Results agreed with the hypothesis of IgE antibodies, since heating 56 degrees C during two hours prevented the degranulation. Considering the chemical structure, iopamidol was thought to be innocuous. Two opacification procedures were further performed with iopamidol without any incident.

Topics: Aged; Anaphylaxis; Basophil Degranulation Test; Complement Activation; Contrast Media; Diatrizoate Meglumine; Drug Hypersensitivity; Heart Arrest; Humans; Immunoglobulin E; Intradermal Tests; Iothalamate Meglumine; Male; Molecular Structure; Preoperative Care

Topics: Aged; Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde; Drug Hypersensitivity; Humans; Iothalamate Meglumine

Topics: Adult; Drug Hypersensitivity; Homosexuality; Humans; Hypersensitivity, Immediate; Iothalamate Meglumine; Lymphatic Diseases; Male

Reactions to contrast material during retrograde pyelography are rare. Two cases are reported, and the literature is reviewed.

Topics: Adult; Drug Hypersensitivity; Female; Humans; Iothalamate Meglumine; Male; Mesylates; Middle Aged; Urography

In vitro and in vivo studies were done to examine the effects of methylprednisolone on the adverse reactions induced by contrast media. At very high concentrations, the steroid potentiated the complement-activating effect produced in vitro by iodipamide, but inhibited the immune and nonimmune mechanisms of hemolysis. Rabbits pretreated for 3 days with intramuscular methylprednisolone (at high or low dosages) were significantly protected against an LD47 challenging dose of iodipamide. Those treated once with a low intravenous dose immediately prior to iodipamide challenge were protected to a lesser degree. Rabbits treated once with a very high intravenous dose of steroid evidenced no protection. A hyper-responsive dog was consistently protected against adverse reactions to injected sodium iothalamate by a 3-day steroid pretreatment.

Topics: Animals; Complement System Proteins; Contrast Media; Dogs; Drug Hypersensitivity; Hemolysis; Humans; Iodipamide; Iothalamate Meglumine; Iothalamic Acid; Methylprednisolone; Prednisolone; Rabbits