intrinsic-factor and Anemia

Gastric exocrine secretion, both acid and non-acid, is required for micronutrients absorption, such as iron, calcium and vitamin B12, drugs absorption, protein digestion. Clinical presentation of a gastric secretion impairment might be then characterized by the presence of both gastrointestinal and non-gastrointestinal specific symptoms (i.e. anemia) or to a non-response to therapies. The main factor that impairs gastric exocrine secretion homeostasis is mucosal chronic inflammation that principally occurs after colonization by Helicobacter pylori (Hp). The extent and distribution of gastritis ultimately determine the clinical outcome linked to differences in gastric acid secretion status, the involvement of gastric body leading to a decrease in gastric exocrine secretion with possible progression to mucosal atrophy towards cancer. A correct clinical strategy in the management of Hp infected patients should be then to early identify body involvement, a diagnosis generally missed in that body biopsies are not routinely performed. The use of gastric serological markers, gastrin and pepsinogens, are helpful in suspecting the presence of mucosal atrophy but their diagnostic accuracy for non-atrophic chronic gastritis topography is not adequate despite a good specificity due to the low sensitivity, of all the available biomarkers. Gastric serology associated to anemia/iron-deficiency screening might nevertheless been helpful in the framing of patients that undergo endoscopy in order to highlight the need of extensive mucosal biopsies sampling.

Topics: Absorption; Anemia; Biomarkers; Biopsy; Gastric Acid; Gastrins; Gastritis; Gastritis, Atrophic; Helicobacter Infections; Helicobacter pylori; Humans; Intrinsic Factor; Micronutrients; Models, Biological; Parietal Cells, Gastric; Pepsinogens; Secretory Rate; Stomach

Topics: Absorption; Aged; Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; Food Analysis; Gastrointestinal Diseases; Humans; Intrinsic Factor; Malabsorption Syndromes; Transcobalamins; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B 12 Deficiency

Topics: Adolescent; Anemia; Animals; Biological Transport; Blind Loop Syndrome; Calcium; Gastric Mucosa; Gastritis; Guinea Pigs; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Ileum; Intestinal Absorption; Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic; Intestinal Mucosa; Intrinsic Factor; Male; Pancreatic Diseases; Radiation Effects; Rats; Thalassemia; Trypsin; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B 12 Deficiency

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Hypochromic; Anemia, Macrocytic; Female; Folic Acid Deficiency; Gastrectomy; Humans; Intestinal Absorption; Intrinsic Factor; Iron; Vitamin B 12 Deficiency

Topics: ABO Blood-Group System; Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Antibody Formation; Atrophy; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; Gastric Juice; Gastrointestinal Diseases; Gastrointestinal Neoplasms; Humans; Intrinsic Factor; Stomach

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Autoantibodies; Autoimmune Diseases; gamma-Globulins; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Intrinsic Factor

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Antibody Formation; Autoantibodies; Humans; Intrinsic Factor; Thyroid Diseases

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Antibodies; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; Hematinics; Humans; Intrinsic Factor; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Blood Group Antigens; Duodenal Ulcer; Electrolytes; Gastric Acidity Determination; Gastritis; Humans; Hydrochloric Acid; Intrinsic Factor; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Pepsin A; Stomach Neoplasms; Stomach Ulcer; Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome

Topics: Adolescent; Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Body Fluids; Child; Cobalt Isotopes; Gastric Acidity Determination; Genetics, Medical; Hematinics; Humans; Intestinal Absorption; Intrinsic Factor; Schilling Test; Urine; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Animals; Biological Transport; Cell Membrane Permeability; Cricetinae; Erythrocytes; Gastric Mucosa; Guinea Pigs; Haplorhini; Humans; Intestinal Absorption; Intrinsic Factor; Rats; Research; Vitamin B 12

Hepcidin is an essential regulator of iron homeostasis in chronic kidney disease (CKD) anemia, reticulocyte hemoglobin equivalent (RET-He) can be used to evaluate the availability of iron for erythropoiesis. Previous research has found that hepcidin indirectly regulates RET-He. This study aimed to investigate the association of hepcidin, RET-He and anemia-related indicators on anemia in chronic kidney disease. A total of 230 individuals were recruited, including 40 CKD3-4 patients, 70 CKD5 patients without renal replacement therapy, 50 peritoneal dialysis patients, and 70 hemodialysis patients. The serum levels of hemoglobin (Hb), reticulocyte, RET-He, serum iron, serum creatinine, serum ferritin, total iron binding capacity, hepcidin-25, high sensitivity C-reactive protein, transferrin, erythropoietin, intrinsic factor antibody, soluble transferrin receptor and interleukins-6 (IL-6) were measured. Hepcidin-25 was positively associated with IL-6, and negatively with total iron binding capacity, intrinsic factor antibody, and transferrin. Reticulocyte Hb equivalent was associated positively with Hb, serum ferritin, serum iron, transferrin saturation, and negatively with serum creatinine, reticulocyte, IL-6, STfR. Hepcidin-25 was not associated with RET-He, while IL-6 was independently associated with hepcidin-25 and RET-He, suggesting that hepcidin has no effffect on the iron dynamics of reticulocytes in CKD, may be related to IL-6, indicate a likelihood of a threshold for stimulation of hepcidin-25 expression by IL-6 in order to indirectly regulates RET-He.

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Iron-Deficiency; Creatinine; Ferritins; Hemoglobins; Hepcidins; Humans; Interleukin-6; Intrinsic Factor; Iron; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic; Reticulocytes; Transferrin

A prospective study of 60 consecutively admitted patients with HIV infection was performed to document the prevalence, etiology and manifestations of low serum vitamin B-12 in such patients. Low serum B-12 levels were found in 10 patients (16.7%). In 6, vitamin B-12 absorption was impaired and hog intrinsic factor addition did not improve it. Patients with low vitamin B-12 levels showed lower hemoglobin, leukocytes, lymphocytes, CD4 lymphocytes and CD4/CD8 lymphocyte ratio than HIV patients with physiological serum vitamin B-12 levels. However, bone marrow megaloblastosis was found in only 3 low vitamin B-12 patients and the deoxyuridine suppression test was pathological in only 1 case. In 7 patients, parenteral treatment was begun with variable response despite serum vitamin B-12 correction. In conclusion, low serum vitamin B-12 is often found in HIV-infected patients and it could be related to malabsorption, but clear megaloblastic abnormalities and treatment response could not be demonstrated. A decreased concentration of the serum binders due to disturbances in the leukocytes and related immunocompetent cell may play an additional role.

Topics: Adult; Anemia; Female; Gastric Acid; HIV Infections; Humans; Hydroxocobalamin; Intrinsic Factor; Leukocyte Count; Male; Prospective Studies; Vitamin B 12

We found in four of five pernicious anemia gastric juices a partly degraded R binder which was cobalamin specific and has an apparent molecular weight of 60-70,000 daltons. Twenty-nine to 74% (4.8-27.0 ng/ml) of the corrinoid binding capacity could not be blocked by cobinamide (a noncobalamin corrinoid). The fifth pernicious anemia gastric juice and five nonpernicious anemia gastric juices had minimal amounts of this binder (2.5 and 2.2 +/- 1.4 ng/ml). Scatchard analysis revealed that cobalamin-specific R binder has 1000-fold lower affinity for cobinamide than cobalamin. Increasing quantities of trypsin and/or chymotrypsin digested increasing amounts of saliva R binder and an increasing percentage of the remaining digest-resistant R binder acquired cobalamin specificity. Partly degraded R binder in pernicious anemia gastric juice was resistant to further proteolysis. Cobalamin-specific R binder, perhaps produced in vivo by the action of refluxed pancreatic enzymes on swallowed R would preferentially bind ingested and/or biliary cobalamin rather than analogue and thereby could play a role in hastening the development of cobalamin deficiency in pernicious anemia.

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Chromatography, Gel; Cobamides; Gastric Juice; Humans; Intrinsic Factor; Molecular Weight; Pancreas; Receptors, Cell Surface; Saliva; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Anemia; Chronic Disease; Female; Humans; Intrinsic Factor; Malabsorption Syndromes; Male; Middle Aged; Pancreatitis; Schilling Test; Trypsin; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia; Binding, Competitive; Blood Proteins; Cellulose; Cobalt Radioisotopes; Dextrans; Evaluation Studies as Topic; Humans; Intrinsic Factor; Isotope Labeling; Methods; Protein Binding; Radiochemistry; Regression Analysis; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B 12 Deficiency

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Hypochromic; Anemia, Pernicious; Anemia, Sideroblastic; Blind Loop Syndrome; Crohn Disease; Diverticulitis; Folic Acid Deficiency; Gastritis; Gastrointestinal Diseases; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Gastrointestinal Neoplasms; Humans; Intrinsic Factor; Malabsorption Syndromes; Vitamin B 12 Deficiency; Whipple Disease

Topics: Anemia; Autoantibodies; Cobalt Isotopes; Gastric Juice; Humans; Intrinsic Factor; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia; Female; Humans; Intestinal Absorption; Intrinsic Factor; Middle Aged; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Ascorbic Acid; Humans; Intrinsic Factor; Vitamin B Complex

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Intestinal Absorption; Intrinsic Factor; Metabolism; Proteinuria; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B 12 Deficiency

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Antibodies; Bile; Biological Transport; Blood; Cholecystectomy; Cobalt Isotopes; Diagnosis; Drug Therapy; Enterohepatic Circulation; Hematinics; Humans; Intestinal Absorption; Intrinsic Factor; Lactobacillus; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Macrocytic; Anemia, Pernicious; Blood Chemical Analysis; Clinical Laboratory Techniques; Cobalt Isotopes; Gastrectomy; Glutamates; Hematinics; Histamine; Humans; Intestinal Absorption; Intrinsic Factor; Lactobacillus; Pharmacology; Radiometry; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Antibody Formation; Diagnosis; Humans; Intrinsic Factor; Malabsorption Syndromes; Metabolism; Pharmacology; Schilling Test; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Atrophy; Cobalt Isotopes; Drug Therapy; Gastric Acidity Determination; Gastric Mucosa; Geriatrics; Hematinics; Humans; Intrinsic Factor; Pathology; Prednisolone; Regeneration; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Empirical Research; Geriatrics; Humans; Intrinsic Factor; Nutrition Disorders; Protein Hydrolysates; Research Design

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Biomedical Research; Drug Therapy; Hematinics; Humans; Intrinsic Factor; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Drug Therapy; Duodenum; Hematinics; Humans; Intestinal Secretions; Intrinsic Factor; Vitamin B 12; Vitamins

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Corrinoids; Cortisone; Dogs; Duodenum; Hematinics; Hyperparathyroidism; Intrinsic Factor; Pathology; Research; Stomach Ulcer; Thyroidectomy; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Biomedical Research; Corrinoids; Folic Acid; Hematinics; Humans; Injections, Intramuscular; Intrinsic Factor; Liver Extracts; Tablets; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B Complex

Topics: Absorption; Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Biomedical Research; Cobalt Isotopes; Electrophoresis; Gastrectomy; Gastric Juice; Humans; Intrinsic Factor; Radioisotopes; Radionuclide Imaging; Stomach; Urine; Vitamin B 12; Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome

Topics: Achlorhydria; Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Animals; Cobalt Isotopes; Electrophoresis; Gastrectomy; Gastric Juice; Gastric Mucosa; Guinea Pigs; Histamine; In Vitro Techniques; Intestinal Mucosa; Intrinsic Factor; Pathology; Peptic Ulcer; Rats; Research; Saliva; Stomach Neoplasms; Urine; Vagus Nerve; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Absorption; Anemia; Anemia, Hemolytic; Animals; Chromatography; Cobalt Isotopes; Dogs; Erythrocytes; Gastric Juice; Intrinsic Factor; Iron; Iron Isotopes; Pharmacology; Research; Swine

Topics: Absorption; Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Celiac Disease; Cobalt Isotopes; Cobamides; Coenzymes; Drug Therapy; Erythrocytes; Humans; Intestine, Small; Intestines; Intrinsic Factor; Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute; Leukemia, Myeloid; Liver; Male; Metabolism; Reticulocytes; Schilling Test; Urine; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Hypochromic; Anemia, Macrocytic; Carbachol; Celiac Disease; Cobalt Isotopes; Colonic Neoplasms; Duodenal Ulcer; Folic Acid; Folic Acid Deficiency; Gastric Acidity Determination; Gastric Juice; Histamine; Humans; Insulin; Intrinsic Factor; Male; Pharmacology; Physiology; Sprue, Tropical; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Biological Assay; Humans; Intrinsic Factor; Stomach Neoplasms

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Autoantibodies; Hematologic Diseases; Humans; Intrinsic Factor; Pathology; Stomach; Thyroid Gland; Thyroiditis; Thyroiditis, Autoimmune; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Cobalt Isotopes; Electrophoresis; Gastric Juice; Humans; Intrinsic Factor; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Digestion; Duodenal Ulcer; Electrophoresis; Gastric Juice; Heating; Humans; Intrinsic Factor; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Antibodies; Genes; Genetics, Medical; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Immunologic Techniques; Intrinsic Factor; Schilling Test; Sex

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Macrocytic; Anemia, Pernicious; Black People; Blood Chemical Analysis; Bone Marrow; Deficiency Diseases; Drug Therapy; Folic Acid; Folic Acid Deficiency; Gastric Juice; Gastric Mucosa; Glutamates; Hematopoiesis; Humans; Hydrochloric Acid; Intrinsic Factor; Pathology; Pharmacology; Urine; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Bone Marrow Cells; Diagnosis, Differential; Gastric Acid; Gastric Acidity Determination; Humans; Intrinsic Factor; Schilling Test; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Achlorhydria; Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Blood; Carbachol; Gastric Juice; Gastritis; Gastritis, Atrophic; Geriatrics; Histamine; Humans; Hydrochloric Acid; Intrinsic Factor; Pathology; Pharmacology; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Autoradiography; gamma-Globulins; Hematinics; Intrinsic Factor; Metabolism; Rats; Research; Stomach; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Allergy and Immunology; Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Autoantibodies; Autoimmunity; Blood Group Antigens; Child; Humans; Infant; Intestinal Absorption; Intrinsic Factor; Metabolism; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Aged; Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Drug Therapy; Geriatrics; Humans; Intrinsic Factor; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Adolescent; Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Chromosome Aberrations; Chromosome Disorders; Female; Genital Diseases, Female; Humans; Hypocalcemia; Hypoparathyroidism; Intrinsic Factor; Syndrome

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Macrocytic; Anemia, Megaloblastic; Drug Therapy; Gastrectomy; Humans; Intrinsic Factor; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Macrocytic; Biotin; Humans; Intestines; Intrinsic Factor; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B 12 Deficiency

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Hematinics; Humans; Intrinsic Factor; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Adolescent; Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Humans; Intrinsic Factor

Topics: Administration, Oral; Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Corrinoids; Hematinics; Humans; Intrinsic Factor; Peptides; Vitamin B 12; Vitamins

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Antibodies; Autoantibodies; Humans; Intrinsic Factor

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Antibodies; Autoantibodies; Humans; Intrinsic Factor

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Humans; Intrinsic Factor

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Humans; Immune Sera; Intrinsic Factor

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Corrinoids; Folic Acid; Hematinics; Hematocrit; Intrinsic Factor; Treatment Outcome; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Blood Chemical Analysis; Humans; Intrinsic Factor; Physiology

Topics: Achlorhydria; Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Atrophy; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; Erythropoiesis; Gastric Juice; Gastric Mucosa; Gastritis; Gastrointestinal Hormones; Humans; Intrinsic Factor; Metabolism; Peptic Ulcer; Pharmacology; Physiology; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Corrinoids; Humans; Intrinsic Factor; Metabolism; Postgastrectomy Syndromes; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Antibodies; Antigen-Antibody Reactions; Biological Assay; Child; Cobalt Isotopes; Gastric Juice; Gastroenterology; Hematinics; Humans; Intrinsic Factor; Radioisotopes; Radionuclide Imaging; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Absorption; Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Corrinoids; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Intrinsic Factor; Schilling Test; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Blood Cell Count; Czechoslovakia; Folic Acid; Hemoglobinometry; Humans; Intrinsic Factor; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Biological Assay; Blood; Cobalt Isotopes; Gastrectomy; Gastric Acidity Determination; Geriatrics; Histamine; Humans; Intrinsic Factor; Lactobacillus; Liver; Lymphoma; Schilling Test; Stomach Neoplasms; Urine; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Macrocytic; Anemia, Pernicious; Celiac Disease; Cobalt Isotopes; Humans; Intrinsic Factor; Schilling Test; Urine; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Child; Cobalt Isotopes; Corrinoids; Hematinics; Humans; Intrinsic Factor; Schilling Test; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Duodenum; Escherichia coli; Gastric Juice; Humans; Intrinsic Factor

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Intrinsic Factor

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Cobalt Isotopes; Hematinics; Humans; Intrinsic Factor; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Gastric Juice; Health Services; Intrinsic Factor

Topics: Administration, Oral; Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Gastric Juice; Humans; Intrinsic Factor; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Gastric Juice; Intrinsic Factor; Liver; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Corrinoids; Gastric Juice; Hematinics; Intrinsic Factor; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Autoantibodies; Gastric Juice; Humans; Intrinsic Factor

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Gastric Juice; Humans; Intrinsic Factor

Topics: Anemia; Gastric Juice; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hematinics; Intrinsic Factor; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B Complex

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Corrinoids; Gastric Juice; Hematinics; Intrinsic Factor; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Gastric Juice; Humans; Intrinsic Factor; Oxidation-Reduction

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Corrinoids; Gastric Juice; Hematinics; Humans; Intrinsic Factor; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Corrinoids; Gastric Juice; Hematinics; Intrinsic Factor; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Administration, Oral; Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Corrinoids; Gastric Juice; Humans; Intrinsic Factor; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Corrinoids; Gastric Juice; Hematinics; Intrinsic Factor; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Corrinoids; Hematinics; Intrinsic Factor; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Gastric Juice; Humans; Intrinsic Factor

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Corrinoids; Gastric Juice; Intrinsic Factor; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Humans; Intrinsic Factor; Schilling Test

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Diagnosis, Differential; Erythropoiesis; Humans; Intrinsic Factor; Multiple Sclerosis; Paraparesis, Spastic; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B 12 Deficiency

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Corrinoids; Gastric Juice; Hematinics; Intrinsic Factor; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Gastric Juice; Humans; Intrinsic Factor; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Administration, Oral; Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Gastric Juice; Hematinics; Intrinsic Factor; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Gastric Juice; Humans; Intrinsic Factor; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Hematinics; Intrinsic Factor; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Gastric Juice; Intrinsic Factor; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Megaloblastic; Gastric Juice; Intrinsic Factor; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B Complex

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Animals; Gastric Juice; Intestines; Intrinsic Factor; Rats; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Administration, Oral; Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Corrinoids; Gastric Juice; Hematinics; Intrinsic Factor; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Corrinoids; Gastric Juice; Hematinics; Intrinsic Factor; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Cestode Infections; Gastric Juice; Intrinsic Factor

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Corrinoids; Gastric Juice; Hematinics; Intrinsic Factor; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Corrinoids; Intrinsic Factor; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Body Fluids; Gastric Juice; Hematinics; Humans; Intrinsic Factor; Urine; Vitamin B 12; Vitamins

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Gastric Juice; Intrinsic Factor; Treatment Outcome; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Corrinoids; Gastric Juice; Hematinics; Intrinsic Factor; Vitamin B 12

Two of the mechanisms for vitamin B(12) deficiency, leading to megaloblastic anemia, are the result of surgically produced abnormalities of the gastrointestinal tract. The basic mechanism is different for each lesion. Total gastrectomy results in complete lack of intrinsic factor which is necessary for vitamin B(12) absorption. It is believed that if patients survive long enough and are not given prophylactic vitamin B(12) therapy, all would develop megaloblastic anemia. Intestinal anastomosis leading to stasis of intestinal contents, with overgrowth of bacteria may cause vitamin B(12) deficiency through bacterial interference with the utilization of vitamin B(12). Use of radioactive vitamin B(12) (cobalt(60)-labeled B(12)) has led to a better understanding of the pathogenesis of both types of megaloblastic anemia. The radioactive vitamin provides a useful tool for study of its absorption from the gastrointestinal tract.

Topics: Anastomosis, Surgical; Anemia; Anemia, Megaloblastic; Antibiosis; Digestive System Abnormalities; Gastrectomy; Gastrointestinal Tract; Hematinics; Humans; Intrinsic Factor; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B 12 Deficiency; Vitamin B Complex; Vitamins

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Gastric Juice; Humans; Intestines; Intrinsic Factor; Steatorrhea; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Administration, Oral; Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Hematinics; Intrinsic Factor; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Corrinoids; Gastric Juice; Humans; Intrinsic Factor; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Gastric Juice; Humans; Intrinsic Factor; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Corrinoids; Gastric Juice; Humans; Intrinsic Factor; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Corrinoids; Gastric Juice; Humans; Intrinsic Factor; Urine; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia; Gastric Juice; Intrinsic Factor; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Corrinoids; Gastric Juice; Hematinics; Intrinsic Factor; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Gastric Juice; Hematinics; Intrinsic Factor; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Megaloblastic; Gastric Juice; Hematinics; Intrinsic Factor; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Megaloblastic; Folic Acid; Gastric Juice; Hematinics; Humans; Intrinsic Factor; Leucovorin; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Achlorhydria; Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Corrinoids; Gastrectomy; Gastric Juice; Hematinics; Humans; Intrinsic Factor; Radioactivity; Stomach; Urine; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Cobalt; Cobalt Radioisotopes; Gastric Juice; Hematopoietic System; Intrinsic Factor; Liver; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Administration, Oral; Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Gastric Juice; Hematinics; Intrinsic Factor; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Administration, Oral; Anemia; Blood; Hematinics; Humans; Intrinsic Factor; Urine; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B Complex

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Corrinoids; Gastric Juice; Hematinics; Intrinsic Factor; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Macrocytic; Animals; Folic Acid; Folic Acid Deficiency; Gastric Juice; Humans; Intrinsic Factor; Rats; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B Complex

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Macrocytic; Gastrectomy; Humans; Intrinsic Factor; Stomach; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Animals; Duodenum; Gastric Juice; Humans; Intestinal Secretions; Intrinsic Factor; Pylorus; Sus scrofa; Swine; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Animals; Animals, Domestic; Corrinoids; Gastric Juice; Intrinsic Factor; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B 12 Deficiency; Vitamins

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Corrinoids; Hematinics; Intrinsic Factor; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Corrinoids; Hematinics; Intrinsic Factor; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Gastric Juice; Humans; Intrinsic Factor

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Enzymes; Gastric Juice; Hematinics; Intrinsic Factor; Stomach; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Corrinoids; Hematinics; Intrinsic Factor; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Corrinoids; Intrinsic Factor; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Achlorhydria; Administration, Oral; Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Corrinoids; Gastric Juice; Hematinics; Humans; Intrinsic Factor; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Animals; Female; Gastric Fundus; Humans; Intrinsic Factor; Mucous Membrane; Pylorus; Stomach; Swine; Uterus

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Humans; Intrinsic Factor; Tracheophyta

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Hematopoiesis; Intrinsic Factor; Pylorus

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Corrinoids; Intrinsic Factor; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Family; Gastric Juice; Intrinsic Factor

Topics: Administration, Oral; Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Corrinoids; Gastric Juice; Humans; Intrinsic Factor; Radioactivity; Urine; Vitamin B 12

The newer hematinics are merely refinements of preexisting forms of treatment, but they have aided particularly in a better understanding of the deficiency states. The intrinsic factor of Castle has not been isolated from the gastric juice, and the interrelationships of this substance with the extrinsic factor (vitamin B(12)) and folic acid have not been defined at this time. Vitamin B(12) appears to be the active principle of refined liver extract and alone is probably adequate treatment for pernicious anemia. The other varieties of megaloblastic anemia may result from deficiency of vitamin B(12) or folic acid, although generally treatment with the latter brings about complete and lasting remission. The use of multihematinics and multivitamin preparations containing folic acid is to be condemned, particularly because of the possibility of their obscuring anemia and thwarting diagnosis of pernicious anemia until neurologic complications have taken place. Saccharated oxide of iron is a relatively safe preparation for intravenous administration, but the indications for its use are few. Because the body has no mechanism for iron excretion, only the amount of iron necessary to make up a deficiency should be given, although there is no definite evidence that hemochromatosis results from overdosage.

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Iron-Deficiency; Anemia, Megaloblastic; Anemia, Pernicious; Folic Acid; Hematinics; Humans; Intrinsic Factor; Iron; Iron Compounds; Iron Metabolism Disorders; Liver Extracts; Substance-Related Disorders; Vitamin B 12; Vitamins

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Female; Gastric Juice; Humans; Intrinsic Factor; Mucous Membrane; Myometrium; Pylorus

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Corrinoids; Gastric Juice; Intrinsic Factor; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Gastric Juice; Humans; Intrinsic Factor; Mucoproteins

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Animals; Humans; Intrinsic Factor; Mucous Membrane; Pylorus; Stem Cells; Stomach; Swine

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Animals; Humans; Intrinsic Factor; Mucous Membrane; Pylorus; Stomach; Sus scrofa; Swine

Topics: Achlorhydria; Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Duodenum; Humans; Intrinsic Factor

Topics: Adrenal Medulla; Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Humans; Intrinsic Factor; Tracheophyta

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Humans; Intestines; Intrinsic Factor

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Hematinics; Intrinsic Factor; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; EGF Family of Proteins; Epidermal Growth Factor; Hematinics; Intrinsic Factor; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Humans; Intrinsic Factor

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Gastrectomy; Humans; Intestines; Intrinsic Factor

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Corrinoids; Gastric Juice; Intrinsic Factor; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Administration, Oral; Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Corrinoids; Hematinics; Humans; Intrinsic Factor; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Animals; Corrinoids; Hematinics; Humans; Intrinsic Factor; Milk; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Animals; Cells; Duodenum; Enterochromaffin Cells; Gastric Fundus; Humans; Intrinsic Factor; Pylorus; Swine

Topics: Achlorhydria; Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Humans; Intrinsic Factor; Thymus Plant

Topics: Anemia; Humans; Intrinsic Factor

Topics: Anemia; Humans; Intrinsic Factor; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Humans; Intrinsic Factor; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Administration, Oral; Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Corrinoids; Gastric Juice; Intrinsic Factor; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B Complex; Vitamins

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Gastric Mucosa; Humans; Intrinsic Factor; Pylorus