interleukin-8 and Urticaria

Topics: Arachidonic Acid; Arachidonic Acids; Aspirin; Autacoids; Chemotactic Factors; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; Cytoplasmic Granules; Food Hypersensitivity; Gastrointestinal Diseases; Histamine; Histamine Release; Humans; Interleukin-8; Intestinal Mucosa; Lymphoid Tissue; Mast Cells; Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; Prostaglandins; Urticaria

To study the clinical effects of integrative Chinese and Western medicine in treating chronic urticaria and its impact on peripheral blood content of interleukin-10 (IL-10) and IL-8.. Patients were assigned to the treatment group and the control group according to their sequence of visiting. They were treated orally with levocetirizine hydrochloride 5 mg once a day, but additional Kangqian Decoction (a self-formulated Chinese herbal preparation consisted of thorowax root 15 g, divaricate saposhnikovia root 9 g, licorice root 15 g, moutan bark 15 g, red sage root 15 g, milkvetch root 30 g, and schisandra fruit 12 g, etc. ) was given to the treatment group one dose per day, for 2 weeks as one therapeutic course. The efficacy was evaluated after two courses of medication, and patients' IL-10 and IL-8 levels in the peripheral blood were determined before and after treatment.. The total effective rate in the treatment group and control group was 93.75% and 56.66% respectively with significance difference between them (P <0.01). After treatment, the level of serum IL-10 was significantly lower while that of IL-8 was significantly higher in the treatment group (2.96 +/- 1.66, 50.17 +/- 32.35) than that in the control group (4.77 +/- 2.99, 29.44 +/- 17.62) respectively (P < 0.01).. Chronic urticaria was related to the immune unbalance of body. Integrative medicine could adjust immune function to display a quick, potent anti-inflammatory and anti-anaphylactic actions in treating chronic urticaria with less adverse reaction and low recurrent rate.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Cetirizine; Chronic Disease; Drug Therapy, Combination; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Female; Humans; Integrative Medicine; Interleukin-10; Interleukin-8; Medicine, Chinese Traditional; Middle Aged; Urticaria; Young Adult

Acute infectious urticaria, a subset of acute urticaria, with severe persistence wheals and systemic symptoms, response well to corticosteroids treatment in combination with antibiotics. The exact pathogenic mechanisms are not fully understood. In this study, we aim to analyze the different clinical features, compare the level of neutrophil activation, and investigate the expression of inflammatory related cytokine in patients with acute urticaria and acute infectious urticaria. Eighteen patients with acute infectious urticaria and eighteen patients with acute urticaria were included in this study. We analyzed the difference between the clinical features and the serum expressions of pro-inflammatory factors in the two groups, then examined the levels of inflammation-associated cytokines before and after treatment of acute infectious urticaria. Hematoxylin & eosin (HE) staining and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were used to further study the relationship between neutrophil and neutrophil-derived Myeloperoxidase (MPO) of lesions in the two groups. The expression levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), D-dimer, interleukin 6 (IL-6), IL-8 and chemokine ligand 8 (CCL8) in serum were significantly higher in acute infectious urticaria than acute urticaria. In acute infectious urticaria, the serum expression levels of CCL8 were significantly decreased after the treatment, a significant correlation observed between CRP levels and IL-6, both CCL8 and CRP were positively correlated with neutrophil granulocytes. Neutrophils infiltration were not observed by HE stains in two groups, but in IHC stains we found a positive expression of MPO in acute infectious urticaria lesions. Elevated neutrophil in the serum, which is associated with the levels of IL-8 & CCL8, and positively expressed MPO in lesions, may be involved in the pathogenic mechanism of acute infectious urticaria.

Topics: C-Reactive Protein; Chemokines; Cytokines; Humans; Inflammation; Interleukin-6; Interleukin-8; Urticaria

Chronic urticaria (CU) is a common disease characterized by recurrent itchy wheals and/or angioedema for more than 6 weeks. We aimed to investigate the potential involvement of chemotactic mediators and soluble adhesion molecules as markers of endothelial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU). The potential relevance of these soluble mediators in the evaluation of disease activity was also investigated.. We measured the levels of CCL5/RANTES, CXCL8/IL-8, sVCAM-1, and sICAM-1 in the sera of 87 patients with CSU and 61 normal healthy subjects (NHS) using ELISA assays. According to the results of autologous serum skin tests (ASST), CSU patients were classified into ASST-positive and ASST-negative subgroups. Furthermore, we investigated in 4 patients whether H₁-antihistamine therapy decreases sVCAM-1 and sICAM-1 levels.. We detected a significantly higher concentration of CCL5/RANTES (p < 0.0001) but not of CXCL8/IL-8 in CSU patients compared to NHS. The serum levels of sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1 were significantly increased in CSU patients compared to NHS (p = 0.0121 and p = 0.0043, respectively). No difference in chemokine or soluble adhesion molecule levels was detected between the ASST-positive and ASST-negative subgroups. A positive correlation was found between sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1 (p = 0.0022) but not between these and CCL5/RANTES. After H₁-antihistamine therapy, sVCAM-1 and sICAM-1 levels did not decrease in the 4 CSU patients tested.. Our study suggests that CCL5/RANTES, sICAM-1, and sVCAM-1 play a potential role in the pathogenesis of CSU but they do not parallel disease activity and are not predictive of the response to H₁-antihistamine therapy.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Biomarkers; Chemokine CCL5; Chronic Disease; Female; Humans; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; Interleukin-8; Male; Middle Aged; Urticaria; Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; Young Adult

The disturbed cytokine-chemokine network could play an important role in the onset of diseases with inflammatory processes such as chronic idiopathic urticaria (CIU). Our main objectives were to evaluate the relation between proinflammatory chemokine serum levels from CIU patients and their response to autologous skin test (ASST) and basophil histamine release (BHR). We also aimed to assess the chemokine secretion by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) upon polyclonal stimulus and to evaluate chemokine C-C ligand 2/C-X-C chemokine 8 (CCL2/CXCL8) and Toll-like receptor-4 (TLR-4) expression in monocytes. We observed significantly higher serum levels of the CXCL8, CXCL9, CXCL10 and CCL2 in CIU patients compared to the healthy group, regardless of the BHR or ASST response. The basal secretion of CCL2 by PBMC or induced by Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin A (SEA) was higher in CIU patients than in the control group, as well as for CXCL8 and CCL5 secretions upon phytohaemagglutinin stimulation. Also, up-regulation of CCL2 and CXCL8 mRNA expression was found in monocytes of patients upon SEA stimulation. The findings showed a high responsiveness of monocytes through CCL2/CXCL8 expression, contributing to the creation of a proinflammatory environment in CIU.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Basophil Degranulation Test; Chemokine CCL2; Chemokines; Chronic Disease; Enterotoxins; Female; Gene Expression Regulation; Humans; Inflammation; Interleukin-8; Leukocytes, Mononuclear; Lymphocyte Activation; Male; Middle Aged; Monocytes; Phytohemagglutinins; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; Skin Tests; Toll-Like Receptor 4; Up-Regulation; Urticaria; Young Adult

It has been reported that histamine induces CD86 expression and chemokine production in human immature monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MoDCs), which can be blocked by both H(1)- and H(2)-receptor antagonists.. We sought to examine whether the efficacy of H(1)-type antihistamines can be assessed by using MoDCs.. We examined the suppressive effects of 1 H(2)-type antihistamine (cimetidine) and 5 different H(1)-type antihistamines (cetirizine, diphenhydramine, ketotifen, olopatadine, and emedastine) on the induction of CD86 and IL-8 production by MoDCs from 23 healthy individuals stimulated with histamine. We also examined the responses of MoDCs from 13 patients with chronic urticaria to these antihistamines, and compared the in vitro efficacy with the actual clinical response to antihistamines evaluated by patient and physician assessments.. All the antihistamines we examined suppressed the increase of CD86(+) cells after histamine stimulation in a dose-dependent fashion, and all H(1)-type antihistamines were more efficacious than cimetidine. IL-8 production stimulated with histamine was also suppressed by cetirizine, ketotifen, and olopatadine. Unexpectedly, the suppressive effect of these antihistamines on the CD86 augmentation was highly variable among different healthy control participants. Interestingly, in 10 of 13 cases of chronic urticaria, this in vitro analysis of antihistamines correlated with the clinical response to antihistamines.. This study suggests that the evaluation of antihistamines using MoDCs can be a useful method for the screening of effective antihistamines, for the comparison of the efficacy of antihistamines, and for predicting the efficacy of antihistamines on an individual basis.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Antigens, CD; B7-2 Antigen; Cetirizine; Chronic Disease; Cimetidine; Dendritic Cells; Female; Flow Cytometry; Histamine; Histamine H1 Antagonists, Non-Sedating; Histamine H2 Antagonists; Humans; Interleukin-8; Male; Membrane Glycoproteins; Monocytes; Urticaria

Histamine released from dermal mast cells plays a central role in the increased vascular permeability in acute urticaria, and administration of anti-histamines usually suppresses development of wheals. Acute idiopathic urticaria, particularly a severe case, occasionally presents with acute inflammatory reactions such as low-grade fever and leukocytosis and is resistant to anti-histamines. Considering the wide spectrum of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines that can be released from activated mast cells, some of them might be involved in the pathogenesis of urticaria. We measured plasma levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in 16 cases of severe acute urticaria. None of them showed elevated plasma levels of IL-8 or TNF-alpha. Nine out of 16 acute urticaria patients showed elevated circulating IL-6 with concomitant increases in serum CRP levels. All such patients were resistant to conventional anti-histamine treatment and required systemic steroids for complete suppression of wheal development. After subsidence of the urticaria, their elevated IL-6 and CRP levels dropped to their normal ranges. In contrast, all but one patient without elevated circulating IL-6 was successfully treated with a H1 receptor antagonist, cetirizine. The data suggest involvement of IL-6 in the pathogenesis of severe acute urticaria that is resistant to anti-histamines.

Topics: Acute Disease; Adolescent; Adult; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Cetirizine; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Female; Histamine H1 Antagonists; Humans; Interleukin-6; Interleukin-8; Male; Methylprednisolone; Middle Aged; Treatment Failure; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Urticaria

Neutrophilic urticaria (NU) is a histologically defined entity, but its clinical and pathogenetic aspects are poorly understood. We investigated 22 NU patients whom we identified by examining 118 biopsies of weals. The patients comprised 11 of 20 with acute urticaria, nine of 49 with chronic urticaria, one of 10 with cold urticaria and one of 10 controls undergoing prick tests. Clinically, NU patients had a shorter mean duration of disease than other urticaria patients and significantly increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate and leucocytosis. Histologically, not only neutrophil counts, but to a lesser extent also eosinophil counts and mononuclear cell infiltrates were significantly increased in lesional skin of NU, and there was more marked vasodilatation and endothelial swelling. On immunohistochemistry, increased tumour necrosis factor alpha and interleukin (IL)-3 expression was noted, compared with other urticarias, whereas IL-8 expression was only minor. These data characterize NU as an acute phase urticarial reaction associated with an intense inflammatory infiltrate and marked upregulation of some mast cell-derived cytokines.

Topics: Acute Disease; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Biopsy; Blood Sedimentation; Eosinophils; Female; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Interleukin-3; Interleukin-8; Leukocyte Count; Male; Mast Cells; Middle Aged; Neutrophil Activation; Neutrophils; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Urticaria

Epoxy resin compounds (ERC) include a large number of chemicals, such as epoxy resins (ER), reactive diluents and hardeners. Many hardeners, e.g., aliphatic polyamines, are well-known sensitizers. Another type of ER hardeners are the phthalic anhydrides, such as methylhexahydrophthalic anhydride (MHHPA) and methyltetrahydrophthalic anhydride (MTHPA), which have been reported as causing immunologically-mediated respiratory diseases and contact urticaria, but not allergic contact dermatitis. Here, we present a horizontal boring-machine worker who developed allergic contact dermatitis, as well as allergic rhinitis and an immediate contact skin reaction from MHHPA. Patch testing with a dilution series of MHHPA in pet. elicited the following results: 2%, 1% and 0.5%, +2; 0.25% and 0.125%, + (3- to 6-day readings). An immunohistochemical and electron microscopic study also indicated that the patch test reactions were conventional-delayed allergic reactions. Interleukin 8 was observed in the epidermal cells, whereas interleukin 4 immunoreactivity was detected in the dermal cells. Immunoreactivity to-interleukin 5, granulocyte/macrophage-colophony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) or eosinophil cationic protein was not seen. In conclusion, the patient developed both Type I and Type IV allergy to MHHPA. The clinical data, patch test results, immunohistochemical and electron microscopic observations indicated that the MHHPA allergy detected by the patch test reaction was a conventional delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction. The patient also had an allergic patch test reaction to para-phenylenediamine and diaminodiphenylmethane, possibly representing occupational sensitization.

Topics: Allergens; Aniline Compounds; Blood Proteins; Dermatitis, Allergic Contact; Dermatitis, Occupational; Eosinophil Granule Proteins; Eosinophils; Epidermis; Epoxy Resins; Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; Humans; Hypersensitivity, Delayed; Hypersensitivity, Immediate; Immunohistochemistry; Inflammation Mediators; Interleukin-4; Interleukin-5; Interleukin-8; Male; Microscopy, Electron; Middle Aged; Patch Tests; Phenylenediamines; Phthalic Anhydrides; Respiratory Hypersensitivity; Rhinitis; Ribonucleases; Skin; Urticaria

Plasma interleukin-8 (IL-8) concentrations were measured in patients with atopic dermatitis. Plasma IL-8 was not detected in 25 controls (0/25), in allergic rhinitis (0/20), or in bronchial asthma during remission (0/13), while low concentrations of IL-8 were detectable in a few patients with urticaria (1/19), contact dermatitis (4/17), and bronchial asthma at the time of attack (6/16). In contrast, IL-8 was detectable in most cases of atopic dermatitis (41/52). Moreover, IL-8 concentrations were significantly higher in severe than in mild or moderate atopic dermatitis. IL-8 concentrations decreased as atopic dermatitis was improved by treatment, and IgE production in vitro was also decreased while serum IgE concentrations remained unchanged. IL-8 measurement may be a useful tool for the study of the pathogenesis and clinical course of atopic dermatitis.

Topics: Adolescent; Asthma; Cells, Cultured; Child; Child, Preschool; Dermatitis, Atopic; Dermatitis, Contact; Female; Humans; Immunoglobulin E; Infant; Interleukin-1; Interleukin-6; Interleukin-8; Male; Rhinitis; Urticaria