interleukin-8 and Status-Epilepticus

Our aim was to explore the association between plasma cytokines and febrile status epilepticus (FSE) in children, as well as their potential as biomarkers of acute hippocampal injury.. Analysis was performed on residual samples of children with FSE (n = 33) as part of the Consequences of Prolonged Febrile Seizures in Childhood study (FEBSTAT) and compared to children with fever (n = 17). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was obtained as part of FEBSTAT within 72 h of FSE. Cytokine levels and ratios of antiinflammatory versus proinflammatory cytokines in children with and without hippocampal T2 hyperintensity were assessed as biomarkers of acute hippocampal injury after FSE.. Levels of interleukin (IL)-8 and epidermal growth factor (EGF) were significantly elevated after FSE in comparison to controls. IL-1β levels trended higher and IL-1RA trended lower following FSE, but did not reach statistical significance. Children with FSE were found to have significantly lower ratios of IL-1RA/IL-1β and IL-1RA/IL-8. Specific levels of any one individual cytokine were not associated with FSE. However, lower ratios of IL-1RA/IL-1β, IL-1RA/1L-6, and IL-1RA/ IL-8 were all associated with FSE. IL-6 and IL-8 levels were significantly higher and ratios of IL-1RA/IL-6 and IL-1RA/IL-8 were significantly lower in children with T2 hippocampal hyperintensity on MRI after FSE in comparison to those without hippocampal signal abnormalities. Neither individual cytokine levels nor ratios of IL-1RA/IL-1β or IL-1RA/IL-8 were predictive of MRI changes. However, a lower ratio of IL-1RA/IL-6 was strongly predictive (odds ratio [OR] 21.5, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.17-393) of hippocampal T2 hyperintensity after FSE.. Our data support involvement of the IL-1 cytokine system, IL-6, and IL-8 in FSE in children. The identification of the IL-1RA/IL-6 ratio as a potential biomarker of acute hippocampal injury following FSE is the most significant finding. If replicated in another study, the IL-1RA/IL-6 ratio could represent a serologic biomarker that offers rapid identification of patients at risk for ultimately developing mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE).

Topics: Biomarkers; Brain Damage, Chronic; Child; Child, Preschool; Cytokines; Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe; Female; Hippocampus; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; Interleukin-1beta; Interleukin-6; Interleukin-8; Male; Risk Factors; Seizures, Febrile; Status Epilepticus

We aimed to study serum cytokine levels in 11 electrical status epilepticus in sleep (ESES) patients and 20 healthy control children. Patients showed significantly higher levels of interleukin (IL)-1α, IL-6, IL-10, chemokine (C-C motif) ligand (CCL)2 and chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand (CXCL)8/IL-8 than controls, while macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) and CCL3 were significantly lower. Follow-up analyses in five patients revealed a significant decrease of IL-6 levels after immunomodulating treatment. IL-6 changes were accompanied by clear improvement of electroencephalography (EEG) patterns and neuropsychological evaluation. We hypothesize that IL-6 correlates with disease activity and immunomodulating treatment efficacy.

Topics: Adolescent; Case-Control Studies; Chemokine CCL2; Chemokine CCL3; Child; Child, Preschool; Cognition Disorders; Cytokines; Electroencephalography; Female; Glucocorticoids; Humans; Immunoglobulins, Intravenous; Immunologic Factors; Inflammation; Interleukin-10; Interleukin-1alpha; Interleukin-6; Interleukin-8; Intramolecular Oxidoreductases; Language Disorders; Macrophage Migration-Inhibitory Factors; Male; Methylprednisolone; Neuropsychological Tests; Prednisolone; Sleep Wake Disorders; Status Epilepticus; Syndrome; Treatment Outcome

Topics: Adolescent; Chemokine CXCL10; Chemokines; Child; Child, Preschool; Cytokines; Female; Humans; Infant; Interleukin-6; Interleukin-8; Male; Seizures, Febrile; Status Epilepticus