interleukin-8 and Shock--Traumatic

Traumatic shock activates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA) to mediate a cascade of defensive mechanisms that often include overwhelming inflammatory response and immunosuppression, which may lead to multiple organ failure. Androstenetriol (5 androstene, 3beta, 7beta, 17beta triol-AET) is a metabolite of dehydroepiandrosterone that markedly up regulates host immune response, prevents immune suppression, modulates inflammation and improves survival after lethal infections by pathogens and lethal radiation.. AET-induced immune modulation will improve survival in a conscious rodent model of traumatic shock.. A relevant traumatic shock rodent model that applies to both combat and civilian sectors was used. After creation of a midline laparotomy (soft tissue trauma), animals were hemorrhaged to a mean arterial pressure of 35-40 mm Hg. Resuscitation was initiated sixty minutes later with crystalloid fluid and packed red blood cells and animals were observed for two days. In a randomized and blinded fashion, AET or vehicle was administered subcutaneously at the beginning of resuscitation.. In the vehicle group 5 out of 16 animals survived, (31%). In contrast, 9 out of 13 animals who received AET survived (69%), (Fisher Exact Test p < 0.05). Survival in the AET treatment group was associated with reduced levels of IL-6, IL-10, and IL-18, and enhanced IFN-gamma and IL-2 levels.. : The results indicate that AET provides a significant protective effect and improves survival in a clinically relevant model of traumatic hemorrhagic shock. AET protective effects are associated with an elevation of Th1 and reduction of Th2 cytokines.

Topics: Androstenols; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Immunologic Factors; Interleukin-10; Interleukin-6; Interleukin-8; Male; Random Allocation; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Resuscitation; Shock, Traumatic

To study the dynamic changes in the lymphokines and the changes in tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8) levels in the lymph during shock stage of rats with major burns.. Forty-two male adult Wistar rats were randomly divided into burn resuscitation group (A, n = 18), burn non-resuscitation (B, n = 18) and the control (C, n = 6) groups. The TNF-alpha, IL-6 and IL-8 levels in the lymph were determined with radioimmunoassay at 6, 24, 48 postburn hours (PBH). The lymphokines in the mesenteric lymphatic vessels was observed at 6, 24 and 48 PBH with inverted microscopy and digital image processing, and the contraction frequency of the lymphatic was calculated. The lymph was collected by cannulation of the chylous cistern, and its speed of flow was calculated.. The lymphatic contents of TNF-alpha and IL-6 in both A and B groups began to increase at 6PBH, reaching the peak values at 24 PBH (TNF-alpha in A and B groups were 1.61 +/- 0.27 ug/L and 1.86 +/- 0.34 ug/L, respectively; IL-6 in A and B groups were 398 +/- 67 ng/L and 572 +/- 97 ng/L, respectively), and they were significantly higher than those in C group at each time points (P < 0.01), meanwhile there was also obvious difference in them between A and B groups (P < 0.01). The lymphatic contents of IL-8 in A and B groups began to increase at 24 PBH, and continued to increase till 48PBH (540.29 +/- 0.32 ng/L in A group, 863.48 +/- 105.16 ng/L in B group), which were evidently higher than those in C group (P < 0.01). There was significant difference in IL-8 contents between A and B groups (P < 0.01). The contraction frequency of the mesenteric lymphatic vessels in A and B groups were decreased, especially so at 24 PBH (P < 0.01). The speed of lymphatic flow in A and B groups was increased at each time points (P < 0.01). The central chylous vessels in the villi of the small intestine were extremely dilated as seen under microscope.. After burn injury, the lymphatic vessels dilated, with its motility decreased and speed of flow increased, and the contents of TNF-alpha, IL-6 and IL-8 in lymph were increased during the shock stage of burn rats. Fluid resuscitation could improve the lymph circulation.

Topics: Animals; Burns; Disease Models, Animal; Interleukin-6; Interleukin-8; Lymph; Male; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Shock, Traumatic; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

To investigate the change of the erythrocyte chemokine receptor(ECKR) binding activity in the shock stage of burn rats.. SD rats were randomly divided into two group, burn and control groups. In the burn group rats, 30% total body surface area (TBSA)were scalded to III degree. The binding activity of rat ECKR in the shock stage was detected by ELISA using IL-8 as ligand at various time points (0.5, 2, 4, 8, 16, 24 and 48 hours) after burn.. Compared with control group, the binding activity of rat ECKR declined significantly half an hour after burn and maintained at low level for 48 hours (P<0.01). The comparison of the binding activity of rat ECKR at various time points after burn indicated that the binding activity declined gradually from 2 hours (P<0.01-0.05), reached lowest value 24 hrs, and then rose significantly 48 hrs after burn (P<0.01).. The ECKR binding activity declined significantly after burn, suggesting erythrocytes may participate in the regulation of chemokines and play some role in the inflammation.

Topics: Animals; Burns; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Erythrocytes; Female; Interleukin-8; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Chemokine; Shock, Traumatic; Time Factors