interleukin-8 and Periapical-Diseases

The aim of this study was to evaluate correlations between levels of cytokines in secreted stimulated saliva in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and hyposalivation.. Seventy patients with clearance <20 mL/min/1.73 m(2) were evaluated; 40 were predialysis, 21 hemodialysis, and 9 peritoneal dialysis, and they were matched with 70 control subjects. Salivary flow rate was measured and submandibular/sublingual saliva collected. Analyses were performed for whole protein content using a protein assay, and levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) α, interleukin (IL) 1β, γ-interferon (γ-INF), IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP) 1, and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule (sICAM) 1, by using Luminex technology.. Patients with CKD had lower (P = .03) stimulated salivary secretion rate and higher salivary whole protein concentration (P = .002) than control subjects. Concentrations of IL-8 (P = .03) and MCP-1 (P = .002) were decreased and TNF-α/IL-10 (P = .05) and IL-8/IL10 (P = .03) ratios were decreased in CKD patients. CKD patients with low secretion levels of stimulated saliva expressed decreased levels of TNF-α (P = .04), IL-1β (P = .02), γ-INF (P = .03), IL-6 (P = .003), IL-8 (P = .005), MCP-1 (P = .006), and sICAM-1 (P = .02).. Salivary cytokines and secretion rates are significantly decreased in CKD patients. Further research is necessary to understand operating mechanisms and clinical implications of the down-regulation of inflammatory markers in saliva.

Topics: Case-Control Studies; Chemokine CCL2; Cross-Sectional Studies; Cytokines; Dental Caries; Female; Humans; Inflammation Mediators; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; Interferon-gamma; Interleukin-10; Interleukin-1beta; Interleukin-6; Interleukin-8; Male; Middle Aged; Periapical Diseases; Periodontitis; Peritoneal Dialysis; Renal Dialysis; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic; Saliva; Salivary Proteins and Peptides; Secretory Rate; Sublingual Gland; Submandibular Gland; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Xerostomia

Interleukin (IL)-17 plays an important role in inflammation and certain autoimmune diseases. However, its role in the pathogenesis of chronic dental periapical lesions has not been studied. Periapical lesion mononuclear cells (PL-MNC) were isolated from inflammatory cells and phenotypically analyzed by immunocytochemistry. The cells were cultured in vitro and IL-17 and IL-8 were measured in the culture supernatants. Controls were peripheral blood (PB) MNC. The level of IL-17 and the proportion of neutrophils were significantly higher in symptomatic lesions. In addition, the production of IL-17 was higher in culture supernatants of PL-MNC isolated from lesions with a predominance of T cells, and the IL-17 concentration correlated with the proportion of CD3+ and CD4+ cells. There was a positive correlation between the levels of IL-17 and IL-8 in the group of symptomatic lesions. The relationship between these cytokines was additionally confirmed on the basis of augmented production of IL-8 by both PL-MNC and PB-MNC treated with IL-17. Our results suggest that IL-17, by stimulating the production of IL-8, may play a role in exacerbating inflammation within chronic periapical lesions.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Analysis of Variance; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Interleukin-17; Interleukin-8; Middle Aged; Monocytes; Periapical Diseases; Periapical Periodontitis; Phenotype; Radiography; Statistics, Nonparametric