interleukin-8 and Pain--Postoperative

To investigate the changes in the biomarker levels related to inflammation and tissue destruction in the periapical exudate of mandibular pre-molar teeth with asymptomatic apical periodontitis after receiving intracanal cryotherapy, to compare cryotherapy and control groups in terms of analgesic intake, interappointment, and post-operative pain and evaluate the correlation between biomarker levels and interappointment pain.. Mandibular pre-molar teeth of 44 patients aged 18-35 years, diagnosed with asymptomatic apical periodontitis, were root canal treated in two visits (registered as NCT04798144). Baseline periapical exudate samples were obtained, and the patients were assigned to either control or intracanal cryotherapy group according to the final irrigation with distilled water either at room temperature or 2.5°C. The canals were dressed with calcium hydroxide. In the second visit, the calcium hydroxide was removed with passive ultrasonic irrigation, and the periapical exudate was sampled again. IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, PGE. There was a significant correlation between the pain scores reported after first visit and IL-1β and PGE. The positive correlation between interappointment pain and IL-1β and PGE

Topics: Calcium Hydroxide; Cryotherapy; Cytokines; Humans; Interleukin-2; Interleukin-6; Interleukin-8; Matrix Metalloproteinase 8; Pain, Postoperative; Peptide Hydrolases; Periapical Periodontitis; Root Canal Therapy; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

Interscalene brachial plexus block (ISB) is one of the most commonly used regional blocks in relieving postoperative pain after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair. Dexmedetomidine (DEX) is an alpha 2 agonist that can enhance the effect of regional blocks. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of DEX combined with ISB with ISB alone on postoperative pain, satisfaction, and pain-related cytokines within the first 48 h after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair.. Fifty patients with rotator cuff tears who had undergone arthroscopic rotator cuff repair were enrolled in this single center, double-blinded randomized controlled trial study. Twenty-five patients were randomly allocated to group 1 and received ultrasound-guided ISB using a mixture of 1 ml (100 μg) of DEX and 8 ml of 0.75% ropivacaine preemptively. The other 25 patients were allocated to group 2 and underwent ultrasound-guided ISB alone using a mixture of 1 ml of normal saline and 8 ml of ropivacaine. The visual analog scale (VAS) for pain and patient satisfaction (SAT) scores were checked within 48 h postoperatively. The plasma interleukin (IL)-6, -8, -1β, cortisol, and substance P levels were also measured within 48 h, postoperatively.. Group 1 showed a significantly lower mean VAS score and a significantly higher mean SAT score than group 2 at 1, 3, 6, 12, and 18 h postoperatively. Compared with group 2, group 1 showed a significantly lower mean plasma IL-6 level at 1, 6, 12, and 48 h postoperatively and a significantly lower mean IL-8 level at 1, 6, 12, 24, and 48 h postoperatively. The mean timing of rebound pain in group 1 was significantly later than that in group 2 (12.7 h > 9.4 h, p = 0.006).. Ultrasound-guided ISB with DEX in arthroscopic rotator cuff repair led to a significantly lower mean VAS score and a significantly higher mean SAT score within 48 h postoperatively than ISB alone. In addition, ISB with DEX showed lower mean plasma IL-6 and IL-8 levels than ISB alone within 48 h postoperatively, with delayed rebound pain.. I.. 2013-112, ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02766556.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Anesthetics, Local; Arthroscopy; Body Mass Index; Brachial Plexus Block; Dexmedetomidine; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Interleukin-1beta; Interleukin-6; Interleukin-8; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Middle Aged; Pain, Postoperative; Patient Satisfaction; Postoperative Period; Ropivacaine; Rotator Cuff; Rotator Cuff Injuries; Visual Analog Scale

Single-incision laparoscopic (SIL) surgery is expanding, but its benefits, efficacy and safety compared with conventional laparoscopic (CL) surgery remain unclear. This pilot study examined clinical outcomes and biochemical markers of inflammation for colorectal resections by SIL and CL in a randomized controlled pilot trial.. Fifty patients undergoing elective colorectal resection were randomized to either SIL or CL. Primary outcomes were operating time and length of stay (LoS); secondary outcomes included combined length of scars, pain scores, complications, Quality of Life EQ5D-VAS and the inflammatory markers interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-8 and C-reactive protein (CRP) at baseline, 2, 6, 24 and 72 h.. There was no difference in age, gender, body mass index, indications and site of surgery, American Society of Anesthesiologists grade or incidence of previous surgery between the groups. Except for one conversion from SIL to open surgery, surgery was completed as intended. No difference between SIL and CL was found for operating time [median 130 (72-220) vs 130 (90-317) min, respectively, P = 0.528], LoS [median 4 (3-8) vs 4 (2-19)days, P = 0.888] and time to first flatus [2 (1-4) vs 2 (1-5) days, P = 0.374]. The combined length of scars was significantly shorter for SIL [4 (2-18) vs 7 (5-8) cm, P < 0.001]; in each group, four postoperative complications occurred (16%). Postoperative pain scores were similar [mean 7.67 (interquartile range 4) vs 7.25 (interquartile range 3.75), P = 0.835] to day 3. EQ5D-VAS was no different for both groups at discharge [72.5 (40-90) vs 70 (30-100), P = 0.673] but slightly higher for CL at 3 months [79 (45-100) vs 90 (50-100), P = 0.033].The IL-6, IL-8 and CRP levels between both groups showed similar peaks and no significant differences.. SIL colorectal surgery by experienced laparoscopic surgeons appears to be safe and equivalent to CL, with no discernible difference in its effect on the physiological response to surgical trauma.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; C-Reactive Protein; Colectomy; Colorectal Neoplasms; Diverticular Diseases; Female; Humans; Inflammation; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases; Interleukin-6; Interleukin-8; Laparoscopy; Length of Stay; Male; Middle Aged; Operative Time; Pain, Postoperative; Pilot Projects; Postoperative Complications; Proctectomy; Quality of Life; Single-Blind Method; Young Adult

The main objectives of this article were to assess the effect of preoperative transdermal fentanyl patch (TFP) on interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 levels and pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.. Patients received a TFP (25 μg/h) (patch group, n=30) or a placebo patch (control group, n=30) applied 14 hours before operation. After surgery, control group received intravenous continuous fentanyl (25 μg/h) with loading dose (25 μg). IL-6 and IL-8 levels were measured at admission and 1, 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours postoperatively. Pain score and consumption of rescue analgesic were evaluated too.. At 24 hours postoperatively, IL-6 and IL-8 reached a peak and then decreased. The peak IL-6 levels were 21.92(±6.22) and 24.91(±6.81) pg/mL in the patch and control group. The significant differences of IL-6 between groups were shown at 6 and 12 hours postoperatively (P=0.032, 0.0001). There were no significant differences in IL-8 levels and pain score.. Preoperative TFP attenuated the increase in IL-6 levels after surgery and provided similar analgesia to continuous fentanyl infusion. Preemptive TFP may have influence on proinflammatory reactions and pain control after surgery.

Topics: Administration, Cutaneous; Adult; Analgesics, Opioid; Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic; Cytokines; Female; Fentanyl; Humans; Interleukin-6; Interleukin-8; Male; Middle Aged; Pain Measurement; Pain, Postoperative; Prospective Studies; Transdermal Patch; Young Adult

To evaluate whether the post-surgery placement of the rectus sheath block analgesia (RSB) reduces the inflammatory response following surgery. The main hypothesis of our study was to find any correlation between patients' pain experience, numeric rating scale (NRS) postoperatively and concentrations of inflammatory response biomarkers, such as interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra), IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-1β, in patients with benign disease and cancer.. Initially, 46 patients with midline laparotomy were randomized to the placebo group (n=11) and to one of the three active groups; single-dose (n=12), repeated-dose (n=12) and continuous infusion (n=11) RSB analgesia groups. Plasma concentrations of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and five interleukins (IL-1ra, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-1β) were measured at three time points; just before, immediately after and 24 h after operation. The primary end-point was to compare plasma concentrations of the hs-CRP and five interleukins in the placebo group and in the three different RSB analgesia groups in patients with benign disease and cancer.. The placebo group and three active groups were similar in terms of demographic variables and perioperative data. Of the anti-inflammatory cytokines, patients in the continuous infusion group had significantly higher IL-10 median values postoperatively than the three other study groups (p=0.029). In addition, patients in the three active groups combined had significantly higher IL-10 median values immediately after operation than the placebo group (p=0.028; in all patients with benign disease and cancer). There is a significant correlation between the individual values of NRS and IL-10 values postoperatively in the placebo group and the three active groups separately (r=0.40, p=0.03) and also a significant correlation between the individual values of the NRS scale and IL-1β values postoperatively in the placebo group and the three active groups separately (r=0.38, p=0.04).. Placement of RSB analgesia does not significantly reduce the inflammatory response biomarkers' concentrations in patients with benign disease or cancer patients. A new finding in the present work is a significant correlation in the NRS scale versus plasma concentrations of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 and pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β postoperatively suggesting that inflammation and pain are related.

Topics: Adult; Aged; C-Reactive Protein; Female; Humans; Inflammation; Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; Interleukin-10; Interleukin-18; Interleukin-1beta; Interleukin-6; Interleukin-8; Male; Middle Aged; Neoplasms; Nerve Block; Pain, Postoperative

Fibrin sealant (FS) is a biologically derived tissue adhesive for securing flaps. The aim of the present randomized controlled clinical trial was to compare early wound healing by assessing interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) levels from gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) after using FS and suture for periodontal flap closure.. Thirty selected quadrants in 15 periodontitis patients were randomly assigned to either a test (fibrining) or control group (suturing) for flap closure. IL-1β and IL-8 were assessed in GCF using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) before and eight days after surgery. Patients were recalled at 7, 14, 21 days and 3 months after surgery for clinical assessment.. There was a statistically significant decrease in IL-1β (84.82 ± 77.18, 29.2 ± 21.97 pg/μl) and IL-8 (57.94 ± 55.47, 21.82 ± 21.93 pg/μl) levels in the test side after fibrining while there was an increase in the control side (IL-1β 31.40 ± 16.82, 128.8 ± 45.14; IL-8 31.40 ± 16.82, 128.83 ± 45.14 pg/μl) (p < 0.05). The change in concentration of IL-1β and IL-8 following intervention correlated significantly in both the sites. Clinical parameters differed significantly only on the seventh day with less plaque and bleeding on the test sites.. Fibrin sealant enhances early wound healing by reducing inflammation after periodontal flap surgery.

Topics: Adult; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Female; Fibrin Tissue Adhesive; Gingival Crevicular Fluid; Humans; Interleukin-1beta; Interleukin-8; Male; Middle Aged; Outcome Assessment, Health Care; Pain, Postoperative; Periodontitis; Suture Techniques; Time Factors; Tissue Adhesives; Wound Healing

This study was designed to assess whether preoperative, short-term, intravenously administered high doses of methylprednisolone (30 mg/kg 90 minutes before surgery) influence local and systemic biohumoral responses in patients undergoing laparoscopic or open resection of colon cancer.. Fifty-two patients who were candidates for curative colon resection were randomly assigned to laparoscopic or open surgery and, in a double-blind design, assigned to receive methylprednisolone (n = 26) or placebo (n = 26). Pulmonary function, postoperative pain, C-reactive protein, interleukins 6 and 8, and tumor necrosis factor alpha were analyzed, as was patient outcome.. The steroid and placebo groups were well balanced for preoperative variables, as were the subgroups of patients who underwent laparoscopic (methylprednisolone, n = 13; placebo, n = 13) and open surgery (methylprednisolone, n = 13; placebo, n = 13). No adverse events related to steroid administration occurred. In the methylprednisolone groups, significant improvement in pulmonary performance (P = 0.01), pain control (P = 0.001), and length of stay (P = 0.03) were observed independent of the surgical technique. No differences in morbidity or anastomotic leak rate were observed among groups.. Preoperative administration of methylprednisolone in colon cancer patients may improve pulmonary performance and postoperative pain, and shorten length of stay regardless of the surgical technique used (laparoscopy, open colon resection).

Topics: Aged; Analysis of Variance; C-Reactive Protein; Chi-Square Distribution; Colonic Neoplasms; Digestive System Surgical Procedures; Double-Blind Method; Female; Glucocorticoids; Humans; Interleukin-6; Interleukin-8; Laparoscopy; Length of Stay; Male; Methylprednisolone; Pain, Postoperative; Placebos; Postoperative Complications; Respiratory Function Tests; Statistics, Nonparametric; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

The goal of this study was to evaluate the systemic and peripheral effects of preoperative administration of cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor on pain and inflammation occurring with total knee replacement (TKR). Patients undergoing elective TKR were prospectively and randomly given oral rofecoxib (25 mg) or placebo (control group) 1 hour before surgery. All patients received an epidural combined with isoflurane anesthesia during the operation and patient-controlled epidural analgesia postoperatively. The outcome measures included pain scores during rest and movement of knee joints and cumulative morphine consumption. Femoral blood and knee joint drainage fluids were examined for leucocyte numbers and concentrations of cytokines (including IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and TNF-alpha). Periarticular circumferential increments at 48 hours served as an indication of inflammatory edema. Pain scores during rest and knee joint movement on postoperative days 1 and 2 were better in those given rofecoxib than in control subjects, and cumulative morphine consumption for the first 24 hours was significantly reduced. Both groups had higher concentrations of IL-6 and IL-8 in knee drainage fluid compared with serum levels. Rofecoxib significantly decreased regional IL-6 and TNF-alpha level after surgery. Moreover, the incidence of febris and degree of local edema were lower in the rofecoxib group (P < .05), and peripheral IL-6 level significantly correlated with pain score at 48 hours. Preoperative administration of rofecoxib increases patient satisfaction with analgesia, reduces opioid requirement, and decreases both systemic and local anti-inflammation after TKR.. This randomized, double-blinded trial shows that preoperative administration of rofecoxib can greatly ameliorate the pain occurring with total knee joint replacement surgery and its accompanying reduction of general and local inflammatory reactions.

Topics: Administration, Oral; Aged; Analgesics, Opioid; Arthritis; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee; Chemotaxis, Leukocyte; Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors; Drug Interactions; Edema; Female; Humans; Inflammation; Interleukin-6; Interleukin-8; Lactones; Male; Middle Aged; Pain Measurement; Pain, Postoperative; Patient Satisfaction; Prospective Studies; Sulfones; Treatment Outcome; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

Anti- and proinflammatory cytokines and plasma high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) are used to assess inflammatory stress response (ISR) following surgery. However, the serum IL-18 (interleukin-18) cytokine values versus numeric rating scale (NRS) pain score and number of analgesic doses (NAD) postoperatively are unknown.. Blood levels of six interleukins (IL-18, IL-1ra, IL-6, IL-10, IL-1β, and IL-8) and hs-CRP were measured at three time points; before operation (PRE), immediately after operation (POP1), and six hours after operation (POP2) in 114 patients with cholelithiasis.. Following surgery, the blood levels of hs-CRP and IL-1ra, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-1β cytokines had a trend for increase (p<0.001 and p=0.014, respectively). The serum IL-18 concentrations inversely correlated to NRS and NAD during the first 24 h postoperatively.. The correlation of IL-18 levels to NRS and NAD values supports the hypothesis that ISR and pain are related.

Topics: Analgesics; C-Reactive Protein; Cytokines; Humans; Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; Interleukin-10; Interleukin-18; Interleukin-6; Interleukin-8; Interleukins; NAD; Pain; Pain, Postoperative

The activation of CXCR1/2 has been implicated in the genesis of inflammatory and postoperative pain. Here, we investigated a novel orally acting allosteric inhibitor of CXCR1/2 (DF2755A) and evaluated its antinociceptive effect in several models of inflammatory and post-operatory pain. DF2755A was tested in vitro for efficacy in the chemotaxis assay, selectivity and toxicity. In vivo, C57Bl/6 mice were treated orally with DF2755A and the following experiments were performed: pharmacokinetic profile; inflammatory hyperalgesia models using electronic pressure meter test; neutrophil migration assay assessed by myeloperoxidase assay. DF2755A selectively inhibited neutrophil chemotaxis induced by CXCR1/2 ligands without effect on CXCL8 binding to neutrophils. A single mutation of the allosteric site at CXCR1 abrogated the inhibitory effect of DF2755A on CXCL8-induced chemotaxis. DF2755A given orally was well absorbed (88.2%), and it was able to reduce, in a dose (3-30mg/kg)-dependent manner, inflammatory hyperalgesia induced by carrageenan, LPS and CXCL1/KC as well as neutrophil recruitment and IL-1β production. In addition, DF2755A was able to reduce post-incisional nociception. Therapeutic treatment with DF2755A reduced CFA-induced inflammatory hyperalgesia even when injected intrathecally. The present results indicate that DF2755A is a novel selective allosteric inhibitor of CXCR1/2 with a favorable oral pharmacokinetic profile. Furthermore, the results might suggest that DF2755A might be a candidate of a novel therapeutic option to control inflammatory and post-operative pain.

Topics: Adult; Analgesics; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Carrageenan; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Movement; Cells, Cultured; Chemokine CXCL1; Dinoprostone; Guinea Pigs; Humans; Hyperalgesia; Interleukin-8; Leukocytes, Mononuclear; Macrophages, Peritoneal; Male; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Pain, Postoperative; Phenylacetates; Physical Stimulation; Rabbits; Rats; Receptors, Interleukin-8A; Receptors, Interleukin-8B; Thiazoles

It has been a matter of debate whether the advantage of gasless laparoscope setting is obvious when compared with the conventional operation. Thus, we compare the systemic response of proinflammatory markers and the adhesion molecules in serum levels after surgery between these two procedures.. There were 23 patients in the gasless laparoscopy (GL) group, and 12 patients in the open surgery (OS) group.. The created wound length was smaller in the GL group (5.3±0.3cm vs. 8.9±0.5cm), the post operative recovery including the visual analog pain score on op day and day 1, flatus day, and hospital stay were also shown less in GL group. The levels of IL-6, IL-8 and ICAM were significantly lower in the GL group.. Immune response is less in gasless laparoscopy-assisted gastrectomy (GLAG) when compared with traditional approach, and the difference may have effects on the post operative recovery.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Biomarkers; Chi-Square Distribution; Female; Flatulence; Gases; Gastrectomy; Humans; Inflammation; Inflammation Mediators; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; Interleukin-6; Interleukin-8; Laparoscopy; Length of Stay; Male; Middle Aged; Pain, Postoperative; Recovery of Function; Stomach Neoplasms; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome

In the accompanying paper, we demonstrate that genetic variation within Nalp1 could contribute to interstrain differences in wound chemokine production through altering the amount of interleukin (IL)-1 produced. We further investigate the role of IL-1 in incisional wound biology and its effect on wound chemokine production in vivo and whether this mechanism could be active in human subjects.. A well-characterized murine model of incisional wounding was used to assess the in vivo role of IL-1 in wound biology. The amount of 7 different cytokines/chemokines produced within an experimentally induced skin incision on a mouse paw and the nociceptive response was analyzed in mice treated with an IL-1 inhibitor. We also investigated whether human IL-1β or IL-1α stimulated the production of chemokines by primary human keratinocytes in vitro, and whether there was a correlation between IL-1β and chemokine levels in 2 experimental human wound paradigms.. Administration of an IL-1 receptor antagonist to mice decreased the nociceptive response to an incisional wound, and reduced the production of multiple inflammatory mediators, including keratinocyte-derived chemokine (KC) and macrophage inhibitory protein (MIP)-1α, within the wounds. IL-1α and IL-1β stimulated IL-8 and GRO-α (human homologues of murine keratinocyte-derived chemokine) production by primary human keratinocytes in vitro. IL-1β levels were highly correlated with IL-8 in human surgical wounds, and at cutaneous sites of human ultraviolet B-induced sunburn injury.. IL-1 plays a major role in regulating inflammatory mediator production in wounds through a novel mechanism; by stimulating the production of multiple cytokines and chemokines, it impacts clinically important aspects of wound biology. These data suggest that administration of an IL-1 receptor antagonist within the perioperative period could decrease postsurgical wound pain.

Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Cells, Cultured; Cesarean Section; Chemokine CCL3; Chemokine CXCL1; Chemokines; Dermatologic Surgical Procedures; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Humans; Inflammation Mediators; Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; Interleukin-1; Interleukin-1alpha; Interleukin-1beta; Interleukin-8; Keratinocytes; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Pain, Postoperative; Pregnancy; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Skin; Sunburn; Time Factors; Translational Research, Biomedical; Wound Healing