interleukin-8 and Milk-Hypersensitivity

An increase in absolute neutrophil count (ANC) is seen after oral food challenge test (OFC) in patients with food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES). Although it has been suggested that interleukin (IL)-8 is involved in this phenomenon, a possible role for cortisol has not yet been studied.. Six positive OFC in five patients with FPIES due to cows' milk (CM) proteins, and two negative OFC in two patients with suspected FPIES were analyzed. Absolute neutrophil count, serum IL-8, and serum cortisol were measured before OFC, 6 and 24 h after the ingestion of CM formula.. For the positive OFC, ANC measured 6 h after the ingestion of CM formula was significantly higher than that measured before the OFC (median, 8,761 versus 2,297/μL; P < 0.05). Significant increases in serum cortisol and IL-8 were observed 6 h after OFC (cortisol, median 1,119 pg/mL before versus 2,141 pg/mL after, P < 0.05; IL-8, median 15.5 pg/mL before versus 165.3 pg/mL after, P < 0.05). The change ratio (i.e. ratio of that after OFC to that before OFC) of ANC was significantly correlated not only with that of serum IL-8 (r = 0.90, P < 0.01) but also with that of serum cortisol (r = 0.76, P < 0.05). Moreover, the serum cortisol change ratio was significantly higher in subjects with vomiting than in those without (median, 2.5 versus 1.0, P < 0.05).. Serum cortisol, in combination with IL-8, affects the increase in ANC after OFC.

Topics: Biomarkers; Case-Control Studies; Enterocolitis; Female; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Interleukin-8; Male; Milk Hypersensitivity; Milk Proteins; Neutrophils; Syndrome

Food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES) is a non-IgE-mediated food allergy manifesting within 1 to 4 hours of food ingestion with repetitive emesis and lethargy.. We sought to characterize immune responses to casein in children with FPIES caused by cow's milk (CM).. We found low levels of CM and casein-specific IgG and casein-specific IgG. We confirm the paucity of humoral response in patients with CM-FPIES. IL-10 might play a key role in acquisition of tolerance in patients with CM-FPIES. Increased serum IL-8 levels in patients with active FPIES suggest neutrophil involvement. Elevated baseline serum tryptase levels in patients with active FPIES suggest low-grade intestinal mast cell activation or increased mast cell load.

Topics: Allergens; Animals; Caseins; Cattle; Cells, Cultured; Child; Enterocolitis; Female; Humans; Immune Tolerance; Immunity, Cellular; Immunity, Humoral; Interleukin-10; Interleukin-8; Male; Milk Hypersensitivity; Tryptases