interleukin-8 and Malnutrition

The first aim of this study was to investigate the effects of nutritional supplementation combined with low-intensity exercise on body components, exercise tolerance, and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in malnourished patients with COPD. The second aim of this study was to examine the degree of systemic inflammation and the actual changes in levels of systemic CRP, TNFα, IL-6 and IL-8 actual changes after a combination of nutritional supplementation and low-intensity exercise in these patients.. A prospective randomized trial.. Thirty-two moderate to severe, clinically stable malnourished COPD patients.. Patients were randomly divided into a nutritional supplementation with low-intensity exercise group and a control group. Lung function, maximum inspiratory and expiratory muscle force, the Chronic Respiratory Disease Questionnaire (CRQ), the 6-min walking distance (6MWD), and the Borg scale were measured at baseline and were re-assessed at 3 months after intervention. The degree of systemic inflammation and the changes in levels of systemic CRP, TNFα, IL-6 and IL-8 were assessed before and after a combination nutritional supplementation with low-intensity exercise.. Body weight and FFM increased significantly after 12 weeks of nutritional supplementation therapy in patients with COPD. The dietary intake energy increased and the REE:REEpred ratio decreased significantly in the nutrition with low-intensity exercise group. PI(max), Quadriceps muscle force and the 6-min walking distance (6MWD) increased significantly from baseline through week 12. Health status, as assessed by CRQ, improved in the domains of dyspnea and total sores significantly in the nutrition with low-intensity exercise group after intervention. In this group, hsCRP, IL-6, IL-8, and TNFα, decreased significantly after intervention compared with the control group.. The combination of nutritional supplementation with low-intensity exercise training was successful in increasing weight and energy intake as well as exercise capacity and health-related QOL in our patients. Moreover, REE and major inflammatory cytokines decreased significantly after nutritional supplementation with low-intensity exercise training. The present study results suggest a potential role for the combination of nutritional supplementation and low-intensity exercise in the management of malnourished patients with COPD.

Topics: Aged; Body Weight; Dietary Supplements; Exercise Tolerance; Female; Humans; Interleukin-6; Interleukin-8; Japan; Male; Malnutrition; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive; Quality of Life; Respiratory Function Tests; Surveys and Questionnaires; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

To investigate whether early enteral immunonutrition in comparison with standard enteral feeding affects the systemic production of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in malnourished patients after pancreaticoduodenectomy with an uneventful postoperative course.. Prospective, randomized study.. Forty-one patients who had undergone pancreaticoduodenectomy.. Patients received early enteral standard nutrition (No. 22) or enteral immunonutrition (No. 19).. Cytokines and cytokine inhibitors (IL-1 beta, TNF-alpha, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-1ra, and sTNFRI) were determined before and on days 1, 3, 7, 10 and 14 after surgery using the ELISA test.. Serum concentrations of IL-1ra in the early post-operative period were significantly higher in patients treated with enteral immunonutrition than in those treated with the standard diet (day 7: P<0.001; day 10: P=0.002; day 14: P=0.005). Similar results were observed for IL-6 (day 10: P=0.017; day 14: P=0.001), IL-8 (day 1: P=0.011; days 3, 7, 10, and 14: P<0.001) and IL-10 (days 3 and 10: P<0.001) whereas the post-operative levels of IL-1 beta (day 7: P<0.001; day 14: P=0.022) and TNF-alpha (day 3: P=0.006; day 7: P<0.001) were significantly higher in patients with standard enteral nutrition.. Early enteral immunonutrition as compared to standard nutrition has an immunomodulative effect on the changes in the immune response after extensive surgical trauma resulting in the selective stimulation of cytokines and cytokine inhibitors. The interleukin-1 receptor antagonist is the earliest sensitive marker of anti-inflammatory response to enteral immunonutrition in malnourished patients after pancreaticoduodenectomy.

Topics: Aged; Biomarkers; Enteral Nutrition; Female; Humans; Inflammation; Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; Interleukin-10; Interleukin-1beta; Interleukin-6; Interleukin-8; Male; Malnutrition; Middle Aged; Pancreaticoduodenectomy; Postoperative Complications; Prospective Studies; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

Unfavorable environmental conditions and inappropriate culture practices have increased the vulnerability of cultured fish to disease infection. Up to date many studies have aimed to determine a feeding regimen to maximize productivity; however, very little information on immune responses of cultured fish in response to underfeeding or overfeeding is available. Therefore, a preliminary study was conducted to evaluate effects of graded feeding levels (i.e., food availability) on growth performance and immune-related gene expression of juvenile olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus). Six different feeding rates including 1, 4, 7, 10, 13, and 16% body weight per day (BW/d) were randomly assigned to three replicate tanks stocking 150 fish (average initial body weight: 0.27 ± 0.02 g; mean ± SD) per tank. A feeding trial lasted for two weeks. Based on the results of the weight gain, nutrient gain, and whole-body compositions and energy content, the feeding rate of 10%, 13%, and 16% BW/d resulted in high nutritional status, whereas the feeding rate of 1% and 4% BW/d resulted in low nutritional status. Intermediate nutritional status was observed at the feeding rate of 7% BW/d. In the given rearing conditions the optimum feeding rate resulting in the maximum growth was estimated to be 11.9% BW/d based on the quadratic broken-line regression model, chosen as the best-fit model among the tested models. Expression of immune-related genes including IL-8 and IgM was significantly down-regulated in the flounder fed at 1% BW/d in comparison to those fed at 7% BW/d. Interestingly, expression of these genes in the flounder fed at 10%, 13%, and 16% BW/d was relatively down-regulated in comparison to that of the flounder fed at 7% BW/d. Although no statistical difference was detected, overall response patterns of other immune-related genes, including TLR3, polymeric Ig receptor, lysozyme C-type, GPx, SOD, and Trx followed what IL-8 and IgM exhibited in response to the various feeding rates. Given the current challenges in aquaculture of the flounder our findings suggest to prohibit underfeeding or overfeeding (i.e., ad-libitum feeding) when culturing the young flounder.

Topics: Animals; Eating; Flounder; Gene Expression; Immunoglobulin M; Interleukin-8; Malnutrition; Nutritional Status

The state of homeostasis links in the children with intestinal colic is represented by the following parameters and clinical characteristics. The data of investigated children's contingent with intestinal colic prevailed by following comorbidities: SARS--12 (18.18% ± 4.78%), protein-energy malnutrition--9 (12.85% ± 3.82%), pneumonia--6 (8.57% ± 3.57%), atopic dermatitis--7 (10.00% ±.3.57%). All children have a next complaints: flatulence (100%), in the 62 children (88.57% ± 3.82%) were identificated frequent regurgitation, in the 48 (80.33%)--hyperbilirubinemia. ALT levels were elevated in 25 children (41%) and 31 (51.66%) children had increased levels of AST. IL8 level were elevated in the 40 children (71.42%). The level of antibodies to elastase was greatly increased in all 56 (100%) children.

Topics: Alanine Transaminase; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Autoantibodies; Colic; Comorbidity; Dermatitis, Atopic; Female; Flatulence; Gastroesophageal Reflux; Humans; Hyperbilirubinemia; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Interleukin-8; Intestines; Male; Malnutrition; Pancreatic Elastase; Pneumonia, Bacterial; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome; Ukraine

Interleukin (IL)-8 promotes cellular proliferation and angiogenesis in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and may be related to cachexia. Our aim was to investigate the relationship of IL-8 levels with nutritional status, and clinical outcome of patients with NSCLC. Patients with metastatic NSCLC referred for first-line therapy were eligible. Baseline IL-8 levels were measured in plasma. The Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) was used for the evaluation of the nutritional status, and patients were classified into 3 groups: A (score 24-30) "well nourished," B (score 17-23.5) "risk of malnutrition," and C (0-16.5) "malnourishment." Response to first-line chemotherapy, time-to-tumor progression (TTP), and overall survival (OS) were also recorded. In total, 114 patients (101 males, 88.5%; mean age = 67.5 yr) were evaluated. Performance status was 0-1 in 62% of the patients. According to the MNA, the majority of patients (71%) was either at nutritional risk or malnourished. IL-8 levels were significantly different between MNA groups (P = 0.023) and correlated with TTP (P = 0.013) and OS (P = 0.001) in univariate analysis. Baseline IL-8 levels correlate with the nutritional status of patients with metastatic NSCLC, suggesting that this cytokine may be related with cachexia.

Topics: Aged; Cachexia; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Interleukin-8; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Malnutrition; Middle Aged; Multivariate Analysis; Nutrition Assessment; Nutritional Status; Predictive Value of Tests; Prognosis

Malnutrition, inflammation, and renal osteodystrophy parameters with resultant coronary calcification (CC) are associated with increased cardiovascular mortality in adults. Previous pediatric studies demonstrated CC in children but none assessed for an association between inflammation, malnutrition, renal osteodystrophy, and CC. To assess CC, ultrafast computerized tomogram was obtained for 16 pediatric patients (6 females; median age 17.2 years; range 9.1-21.2 years) receiving hemodialysis for >/=2 months. Inflammation was assessed by serum IL-6, IL-8, and C-reactive protein levels on the day of the computerized tomogram scan; nutrition parameters included serum albumin, cholesterol, the body mass index standard deviation score, and normalized protein catabolic rate. Renal osteodystrophy parameters included time-averaged serum calcium, phosphorus, total PTH, and calcitriol/calcium dose. Patients received hemodialysis thrice-weekly; mean single pool Kt/V 1.48+/-0.13; and mean normalized protein catabolic rate 1.27+/-0.17 g/kg/day. Five of 16 patients had CC. Patients with CC were older (19.1+/-2.1 vs. 15.4+/-3.1 months; P=0.03), had longer dialysis vintage (49.4+/-15.3 vs. 17.2+/-10.5 months, P=0.0002), lower serum cholesterol (122+/-17.7 vs. 160.4+/-10.6 mg/dL, P=0.02), and higher phosphorus (9.05+/-1.2 vs. 6.1+/-0.96 mg/dL, P=0.0001). Mean serum albumin and normalized protein catabolic rate did not differ for patients with CC. All patients had elevated IL-6 and IL-8 levels compared with healthy norms; the mean IL-6, IL-8, and C-reactive protein levels were not different in patients with CC. Coronary calcification was prevalent in older children receiving maintenance hemodialysis with a longer dialysis vintage. Worse renal osteodystrophy control and malnutrition (low cholesterol) may contribute to CC development.

Topics: Adolescent; C-Reactive Protein; Calcinosis; Child; Child Nutrition Disorders; Cholesterol; Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral and Bone Disorder; Coronary Artery Disease; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Humans; Inflammation; Interleukin-6; Interleukin-8; Male; Malnutrition; Nutritional Status; Renal Dialysis; Serum Albumin; Young Adult

We hypothesized that acute measles infection imposes severe metabolic demands on malnourished children. Nigerian rural communities, characterized by severe poverty and extensive malnutrition, served as site for this study. Sixty-five children (mean [+/-SD] age 2.67 +/- 1.96 years) with measles and a randomly selected equal number of children (age 2.83 +/- 1.23 years) from the same communities but measles-free were studied. Both groups were serologically negative for human immunodeficiency virus. The percentages of nonmeasles group who were underweight and wasted as exemplified by weight for age (WAZ) and weight for height (WHZ) scores less than -2.0 SD were 43% and 23%, respectively. Comparative values for the measles group (66% and 54% respectively) were significantly (P < 0.01 or 0.001) different. Compared to the controls, measles-infected children had significantly (P < 0.001) higher plasma cortisol level, marked hyporetinemia (plasma retinol 0.62 +/- 0.24 micromol/L) and prominent reduction (P < 0.002) in the sum of serum essential amino acids. Measles promoted a TH(1) to TH(2) cytokine shift, with severe depletion of plasma interleukin (IL)-12, a key cytokine in the development of cell mediated immunity. IL-6, a key stimulator of hepatic acute phase protein response, was prominently (P < 0.002) increased in plasma in measles-infected children. Glucocorticoids exert effects on cytokine expression, as well as on cytokine receptor expression and cytokine-regulated biological responses. They enhance synergistically, the effects of IL-1 and IL-6 type cytokines on many acute phase proteins. Because of the prominent increase in circulating level of cortisol in acute measles, glucocorticoid treatment for associated sepsis may pose serious problems. Additionally, glucocorticoids antagonize several effects of retinoids at cellular and transcriptional levels, thus suggesting that hypercortisolemia may increase the requirement for retinoids.

Topics: Amino Acids, Essential; Anthropometry; Child, Preschool; Cytokines; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Infant; Interleukin-1; Interleukin-12; Interleukin-6; Interleukin-8; Malnutrition; Measles; Nigeria; Th1 Cells; Th2 Cells; Vitamin A