interleukin-8 and Liver-Failure

Transient abnormal myelopoiesis (TAM) is a neonatal preleukemic syndrome that occurs exclusively in neonates with Down syndrome (DS). Most affected infants spontaneously resolve, although some patients culminate in hepatic failure despite the hematological remission. It is impossible to determine the patients who are at high risk of progressive liver disease and leukemic transformation. The objective is to search for biomarkers predicting the development of hepatic failure in DS infants with TAM.. Among 60 newborn infants with DS consecutively admitted to our institutions from 2003 to 2016, 41 infants with or without TAM were enrolled for the study. Twenty-two TAM-patients were classified into "progression group" (n = 7) that required any therapy and "spontaneous resolution group" (n = 15). Serum concentrations of chemokines (CXCL8, CXCL9, CXCL10, CCL2 and CCL5) and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 were measured at diagnosis of TAM for assessing the outcome of progressive disease.. High levels of circulating CXCL8 and CCL2 at diagnosis of TAM may predict progressive hepatic failure in DS infants.

Topics: Case-Control Studies; Chemokine CCL2; Chemokine CCL5; Chemokine CXCL10; Chemokine CXCL9; Chemokines; Cohort Studies; Disease Progression; Down Syndrome; Female; Humans; Hyperbilirubinemia; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature; Interleukin-8; International Normalized Ratio; Leukemia; Leukemia, Megakaryoblastic, Acute; Leukemoid Reaction; Liver Failure; Male; Mortality; Premature Birth; Prognosis; Prothrombin Time; Risk Assessment; Transforming Growth Factor beta1

Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is an autoimmune liver disease characterized by portal inflammation and immune-mediated destruction of intrahepatic bile ducts that often leads to liver decompensation and liver failure. Although the biochemical response to ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) can predict disease outcome in PBC, few biomarkers have been identified as prognostic tools applicable prior to UDCA treatment. We therefore sought to identify such indicators of long-term outcome in PBC in the Japanese population.. The prebiopsy serum samples and subsequent clinical data of 136 patients with PBC treated with UDCA were analysed over a median follow-up period of 8.8 years. Serum levels of biomarkers related to microbial translocation (sCD14, EndoCAb and I-FABP) were measured along with those of 33 cytokines and chemokines and additional auto-antibodies. Associations between the tested parameters and the clinical outcomes of liver decompensation and liver-related death/liver transplantation were evaluated using the Cox proportional hazards model with stepwise methods and Kaplan-Meier analysis.. Elevated levels of serum IL-8, and sCD14 before UDCA therapy were significantly associated with both liver decompensation and liver-related death/liver transplantation. In multivariate analyses, IL-8≥46.5 pg/mL or sCD14≥2.0 μg/mL at enrolment demonstrated the same results. Kaplan-Meier analysis also revealed IL-8 and sCD14 to be significantly associated with a poor outcome. sCD14 was significantly correlated with IL-8. EndoCAb and I-FABP were not related to disease outcome.. Serum IL-8 and sCD14 levels before UDCA therapy represent noninvasive surrogate markers of prognosis in patients with PBC.

Topics: Biomarkers; Cholagogues and Choleretics; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Interleukin-8; Japan; Lipopolysaccharide Receptors; Liver; Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary; Liver Failure; Liver Transplantation; Male; Middle Aged; Multivariate Analysis; Prognosis; Risk Factors; Survival Analysis; Ursodeoxycholic Acid

Acute hepatitis A (AHA) and acute hepatitis B (AHB) are caused by an acute infection of the hepatitis A virus and the hepatitis B virus, respectively. In both AHA and AHB, liver injury is known to be mediated by immune cells and cytokines. In this study, we measured serum levels of various cytokines and T-cell cytotoxic proteins in patients with AHA or AHB to identify liver injury-associated cytokines.. Forty-six patients with AHA, 16 patients with AHB, and 14 healthy adults were enrolled in the study. Serum levels of 17 cytokines and T-cell cytotoxic proteins were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays or cytometric bead arrays and analyzed for correlation with serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels.. Interleukin (IL)-18, IL-8, CXCL9, and CXCL10 were significantly elevated in both AHA and AHB. IL-6, IL-22, granzyme B, and soluble Fas ligand (sFasL) were elevated in AHA but not in AHB. In both AHA and AHB, the serum level of CXCL10 significantly correlated with the peak ALT level. Additionally, the serum level of granzyme B in AHA and the serum level of sFasL in AHB correlated with the peak ALT level.. We identified cytokines and T-cell cytotoxic proteins associated with liver injury in AHA and AHB. These findings deepen the existing understanding of immunological mechanisms responsible for liver injury in acute viral hepatitis.

Topics: Acute Disease; Adult; Alanine Transaminase; Biomarkers; Cytokines; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Fas Ligand Protein; Female; Hepatitis A; Hepatitis A virus; Hepatitis B; Hepatitis B virus; Humans; Interleukin-22; Interleukin-6; Interleukin-8; Interleukins; Liver Failure; Male; Middle Aged; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic

The aim of this study was to investigate the role of cytokine genes in the susceptibility to Candida infection. A total of 275 consecutive patients diagnosed with Candida infection were selected between May 2010 and May 2011, along with 305 uninfected controls. Genotyping of the IL-1β gene polymorphisms (IL1β) rs1143634, IL1βrs16944, IL8 rs4073, IL10 rs1800872, and IL10 rs1800896 was carried out using a 384-well plate format on the Sequenom MassARRAY platform. Patients with invasive Candida infections were more likely to have had an immunocompromised state, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, solid organ transplant, solid tumor, chemotherapy within the past three months, neutropenia, surgery within the past 30 days, acute renal failure, liver failure, and/or median baseline serum creatinine. Conditional logistic regression analyses found that individuals with the rs1800896 GG genotype were associated with a higher risk of invasive Candida infections than those carrying the AA genotype (odds ratio = 0.61, 95% confidence interval = 0.37-0.94). From the results of this case-control study, we suggest that the cytokine IL-10 gene rs1800896 polymorphism might play a role in the etiology of invasive Candida infections.

Topics: Acute Kidney Injury; Adult; Aged; Alleles; Candida; Candidiasis, Invasive; Case-Control Studies; Female; Gene Frequency; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Humans; Immunocompromised Host; Interleukin-10; Interleukin-1beta; Interleukin-8; Liver Failure; Logistic Models; Male; Middle Aged; Neoplasms; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide