interleukin-8 and Knee-Injuries

The specific etiology of meniscal tears, including the mechanism of lesion, location, and orientation, is considered for its contribution to subsequent joint cytokine responsiveness, healing outcomes, and by extension, appropriate lesion-specific surgical remediation. Meniscal repair is desirable to reduce the probability of development of posttraumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA) which is strongly influenced by the coordinate generation of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines by the injured cartilage. We now present biochemical data on variation in cytokine levels arising from two particular meniscal tears: bucket-handle (BH) and posterior horn (PH) isolated meniscal tears. We selected these two groups due to the different clinical presentations. We measured the concentrations of TNF-

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Female; Humans; Interleukin-10; Interleukin-8; Knee Injuries; Male; Middle Aged; Synovial Fluid; Tibial Meniscus Injuries; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Young Adult

Degenerative osteoarthritis (OA) has been associated with elevated synovial fluid cytokines. It is unclear whether traumatic knee injuries are a trigger to the chemical process that leads to OA. The purpose of this study was to compare the synovial fluid cytokine levels between knees undergoing arthroscopy due to a documented inciting injury and knees undergoing primary arthroplasty due to end-stage OA without a previous inciting injury. Synovial fluid samples were prospectively collected from knees undergoing arthroscopic surgeries due to ligamentous or meniscal knee injuries (knee injury group,

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Arthroscopy; Cytokines; Female; Humans; Interleukin-6; Interleukin-8; Knee Injuries; Knee Joint; Male; Middle Aged; Osteoarthritis, Knee; Synovial Fluid; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Young Adult

Osteochondral fractures are often seen on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of acutely injured knees, but their existence has gained little interest because of a lack of knowledge of their relation to treatment options and outcome. It is not clear whether acute phase synovial fluid (SF) concentrations of cartilage and bone markers and proinflammatory cytokines are different between traumatically injured knees with or without osteochondral fracture.. Acutely injured knees with an osteochondral fracture, particularly fractures with disrupted cortical bone, have higher concentrations of bone markers and cytokines than do knees without an osteochondral fracture.. Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3.. Synovial fluid (hemarthrosis) was aspirated (median 1 day after injury) and 1.5-T MRI was performed (median 8 days after injury) in the acutely injured knee of 98 individuals (26% women; mean age, 23 years). As visualized on MRI, 39% knees had an osteochondral fracture with disrupted cortical bone, 30% had an osteochondral fracture with intact cortical bone, and 32% did not have an osteochondral fracture. Concentrations of sulfated glycosaminoglycan, ARGS aggrecan, cartilage oligomeric matrix protein, osteocalcin, secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC), osteopontin and proinflammatory cytokines (interleukin [IL]-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-α) were analyzed.. After adjusting for days between injury and SF aspiration, age at injury, and sex, knees with any osteochondral fracture (with or without disrupted cortical bone) had significantly higher SF concentrations of TNF-α (median [interquartile range (IQR)] = 9 [7-12] pg/mL vs. 7 [5-14] pg/mL; P = .013), whereas knees with an osteochondral fracture with disrupted cortical bone had significantly higher SF concentrations (medians [IQRs]) of SPARC (492 [328-754] ng/mL vs. 407 [140-685] ng/mL; P = .030), IL-8 (278 [148-628] pg/mL vs. 138 [67-413] pg/mL; P = .028), and TNF-α (11 [7-15] pg/mL vs. 7 [5-14] pg/mL; P = .004) compared with knees without an osteochondral fracture.. In acutely injured knees with hemarthrosis, a concomitant osteochondral fracture with disrupted cortical bone is associated with a higher degree of joint inflammation.

Topics: Acute Disease; Adolescent; Adult; Arthritis; Biomarkers; Cartilage Oligomeric Matrix Protein; Cartilage, Articular; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Fractures, Bone; Fractures, Cartilage; Hemarthrosis; Humans; Interleukin-8; Knee Injuries; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Middle Aged; Osteonectin; Patellar Dislocation; Posterior Cruciate Ligament; Soft Tissue Injuries; Suction; Synovial Fluid; Tibial Meniscus Injuries; Time Factors; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Young Adult

Surgical reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) does not necessarily decrease the risk of developing osteoarthritis (OA). The inflammatory response and relative changes in pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines could participate in triggering the development of OA. To test this hypothesis we measured the concentrations of IL-1β, IL-1ra, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and TNF-α at different times after ACL rupture. The sample population consisted of 48 patients with ACL tear which were assigned to different groups according to the time elapsed from the injury: 22 acute (A), 7 early sub-acute (ESA), 11 late sub-acute (LSA), and 8 chronic (C). In group A, there were high levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8, whereas levels of IL-1ra and TNF-α were significantly lower than usually reported. IL-1β and IL-8 concentrations returned with time to normal levels in the ESA group. Interestingly, IL-1ra levels remained always significantly lower than normally reported levels, and TNF-α levels did not increase after trauma. Our data show increased level of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and IL-8) in the acute phase of inflammation which could be responsible for triggering cartilage catabolism and suggest that prompt neutralization of IL-6 and IL-8 accumulations in synovial fluid could help prevent development of OA in ACL-injured knees.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries; Cartilage, Articular; Cytokines; Female; Humans; Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; Interleukin-1beta; Interleukin-6; Interleukin-8; Knee Injuries; Male; Osteoarthritis; Synovial Fluid; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

To understand the dynamics of the intraarticular acute inflammatory phase of an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injured knee, we analyzed the level of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, IL-6, IL-8, IL-1ra, and IL-10) in joint fluid samples aspirated from 34 knees following an acute ACL injury. The samples were divided into the following five groups according to the duration from injury to aspiration: within 24 h (n=5), 2-3 days (n=14), 4-6 days (n=5), 7-9 days (n=5), 10-14 days (n=4), and 15-21 days (n=3). For comparison, 7 samples were also aspirated from 4 patients with osteoarthritis and 3 with postmenisectomy hydrops (chronic arthritis group). The highest levels of inflammatory cytokines were detected in the ACL-injury group within 24 h of the injury, and the levels decreased thereafter. While there were several patterns of decrease, nearly all of the inflammatory cytokines decreased to the level of that in the chronic arthritis group within 1 week. These dynamics are similar to those reported for inflammatory cytokines in wound fluid during wound healing, and suggest that the intraarticular healing process also progresses in ACL injured knees.

Topics: Acute Disease; Adolescent; Adult; Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries; Arthroscopy; Cohort Studies; Cytokines; Female; Humans; Inflammation Mediators; Injury Severity Score; Interleukin-10; Interleukin-6; Interleukin-8; Knee Injuries; Male; Middle Aged; Predictive Value of Tests; Probability; Prognosis; Prospective Studies; Radioimmunoassay; Synovial Fluid; Time Factors; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Wound Healing